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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A light year represents..
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the distance that light travels in one year
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Because of the Doppler Effect:
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wavelengths of light from galaxies moving away from the earth shift to red.
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The key evidence that the Universe is expanding is
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the red shift of light from distant galaxies
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According to the Big Bang Theory
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everything that now comprises the Universe started at a single point about 13.7 billon years ago
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Physicists have concluded which of the following concerning element formations?
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Hydrogen and Helium during the big bang, but heavier elements formed later, through fusion reactions in stars...
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Analysis of rocks on Earth and on the Moon suggest that..
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The moon formed early in the history of the solar system as a result of a collision between a protoplanet and the Earth.
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The dominent gas in the Earth's atmosphere is...
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Nitrogen
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The Earth produces____ thats shields the planet from _____
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Magnetic field, solar wind
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The density of the atmosphere ____ with INCREASING elevation
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decreases
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Is the temperature the same everywhere on earth?
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temperature increases with increasing depth
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Which of the following statements about Wegner's reconstruction of late Paleozoic Pangea is true?
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Areas glaciated during the late Paleozoic laid over the south polar regions
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When Wegener compared rock units now exposed on different contents bordering the Atlantic Ocean, what did he discover?
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Fossils of identical land-dwelling species occur on continents that are now separated from one another by the ocean.
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Why did most geologists initially oppose Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift?
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Wegenger could not explain how or why the continents move?
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Keeping in mind the shape of the magnetic field lines in space around the Earth, what is true about the magnetic inclination?
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Magnetic inclination is at 0 degrees at the magnetic equator and 90 degrees at the magnetic poles.
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Is the temperature the same everywhere inside the Earth?
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No. The temperature increases with increasing depth.
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What is true about Earth's density?
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Density increases with depth, but the rate of increase is not constant; the central region is much denser.
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Do seismic waves travel at the same velocity throughout the earth? Why?
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No. the velocity changes with depths, and at certain depths the change is abrupt.
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Which of these statements is false?
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The crust floats on a subterranean "sea" of magma.
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Why can samples of basalt exhibit paleoganetism?
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The dipoles of tiny magnetic grains in basalt align with the Earth's field as the basalt cools, and stays that way once the basalt is cold.
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Today, what is the favored explanation of apparent polar-wander paths?
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Continents drift with respect to relatively fixed magnetic poles.
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Where is the heat flow of oceanic crust the greatest?
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Along the axes of the mid-ocean ridges.
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Which of the following statements about the Earth's magnetic field is correct?
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The polarity of the magnetic filed reverses every now and then.
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When a magnetometer is towed over a positive marine magnetic anomly:
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The measured magnetic field is stronger than expected.
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The lithosphere consists of:
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the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
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In which of the following pairs of terms does the second term represent the type of process that happens at the first term?
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mid-ocean ride / sea-floor spreading
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Why can't continental crust be subducted?
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It is too buoyant and can't sink into the asthenosphere.
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At a ____, continental crust is being stretched apart; as a consequence, the crust becomes ____ and volcanoes erupt
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rift / thinner
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Which of the following statements concerning forces that drive plate motions is correct?
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Ridge-push and slab-pull forces are probably the main forces that drive plate motion.
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A light year measures:
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time
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The ____ refers to change in wavelengths of waves that happens if the source of the waves is moving
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The Doppler Effect
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The key evidence that the earth is expanding is...
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the red shift from distant galaxies
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The three types of tectonic plate boundaries are:
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Convergent, divergent, transform
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What is the difference between a "passive" continental margin and an "active continental margin?"
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IDK
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