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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In which of the following climates will chemical weathering be the most rapid?
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hot and humid
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After the oceans, which of the following reservoirs contains the most water?
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glaciers and polar ice
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What powers the hydrologic cycle?
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solar energy
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The process by which surface water becomes groundwater is called __________.
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infiltration
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Which of the following unfractured rocks has the highest porosity?
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sandstone
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The two most common chemical elements in the Earth's atmosphere are _______ and _______ .
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nitrogen and oxygen
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What is the general process by which rocks are broken down at the Earth's surface?
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weathering
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Which of the following statements about weathering is false?
A. Mass movements occur when the force of gravity exceeds the strength of the slope materials. B Mass movements can be triggered by earthquakes and floods. C. Materials can move down a slope very slowly or as a sudden, catastrophic, large movement. D. Mass movements require wind or running water. |
B
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Which of the following statements is false?
A. Mass movements occur when the force of gravity exceeds the strength of the slope materials. B. Mass movements can be triggered by earthquakes and floods. C. Materials can move down a slope very slowly or as a sudden, catastrophic, large movement. D.Mass movements require wind or running water. |
mass movement requires wind and running water
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Sinkholes are a possible danger in regions underlain by what type of bedrock?
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limestone
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ayers that store and transmit groundwater are called:
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aquifer
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Which of the following statements regarding effluent streams is true?
A. Effluent streams recharge groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions. B. Effluent streams recharge groundwater and are characteristic of arid regions. C. Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions. D. Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of arid regions. |
Effluent streams are fed by groundwater and are characteristic of humid regions.
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The hydraulic gradient is the ____________.
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ratio between the elevation difference and the flow distance in an aquifer
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A 10-year flood is a flood that:
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a flood that occurs on average every ten years
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Which of the following terms measures the total sediment load carried by a stream?
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capacity
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Which of the following particles is the most easily eroded from the bed of a stream?
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sand
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Suspended load includes all material ___________.
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Temporarily or permanently suspended in the flow
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Which of the following statements is true?
Air flows and stream flows are mostly laminar. Air flows are mostly laminar; stream flows are mostly turbulent. Air flows are mostly turbulent; stream flows are mostly laminar. Air flows and stream flows are mostly turbulent. |
D air flow stream flow mostly turbulent
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Which of the following processes does not increase the amount of dust in the atmosphere?
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precipitation
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From what direction do the trade winds in the tropics blow?
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east
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Most windblown sand consists of ______
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quartz
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The amount of windblown material that wind can carry does not depend on the ________.
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temperature
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Where does most volcanic activity on the seafloor take place?
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mid ocean ridges
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Which of the following currents erode and deposit fine-grained sediments on the continental slope and rise?
A. longshore currents B. river currents C. tidal currents D. turbidity currents |
turbidity current
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How deep is the deepest part of the ocean?
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10 km
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Where is the largest mass of ice on Earth located?
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Antarctica
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Landforms are the product of __________.
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erosion tectonics sedimentation
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Which of the following regions has the lowest elevation?
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dead sea
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Elevation is a balance between
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tectonic uplift and erosion
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Large fan-shaped deposits of fine-grained sediments that accumulate on the continental rise are called ______.
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submarine fans
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How much of the land surface is covered by ice?
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10%
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If a very large iceberg in the ocean were to melt, what would happen to sea level?
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remain the same
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Which of the following is an extremely slow-moving sheet of ice that covers vast land areas?
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continental glacier
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What are fjords?
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glacial valleys flooded with seawater
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Petroleum and natural gas are considered _________ energy resources.
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non renewable
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Which material is a fossil fuel?
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crude oil
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Crude oil forms at a depth of ______ in the Earth’s crust.
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2-5 km
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The main ingredient of natural gas is ________.
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methane
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Coal forms from ______.
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large accumulation of planet material
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The major environmental impact of burning coal is _________.
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strip mining release carbon dioxide all of the above
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The Montreal Protocol is responsible for ___________.
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phasing out ozone depletion substances
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The ________ is the ice component of the climate system.
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cryosphere
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Which of the following minerals, present in a granite, is not altered by chemical weathering?
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quartz
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Which of the following statements is false?
A. Mass movements occur when the force of gravity exceeds the strength of the slope materials. B. Mass movements can be triggered by earthquakes and floods. C. Materials can move down a slope very slowly or as a sudden, catastrophic, large movement. D. Mass movements require wind or running water. |
D. Mass movements require wind or running water
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What are ventifacts?
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wind faceted pebbles
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How thick are the Greenland and Antarctic ice caps?
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3 kilometers thick
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Which of the following terms describes an accumulation of rocky, sandy, or clayey material deposited at the end of a glacier?
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moraine
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A snow deposit contains approximately 90% air. How much air does glacial ice contain?
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20 %
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What causes the tides?
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gravity
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What minerals are responsible for the orange-brown colors of weathered surfaces in the desert?
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iron oxides
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Which of the following processes does not increase the amount of dust in the atmosphere?
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precipitation
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The process by which surface water becomes groundwater is called __________.
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infiltration
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What creates ocean waves?
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wind forces
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The hydraulic gradient is the ____________.
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ratio between the elevation difference and the flow distance in an aquifer
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