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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the inner core made of?
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Iron and nickel
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What does the outer core do?
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Generates the Earth's magnetic field. It is made of molten.
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What percentage of the Earth is the mantle?
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The mantle is 80% of the Earth
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What is a law (scientific)?
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À theory that has never been refuted (e.x. gravity)
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What are the 5 layers of the earth?
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core,mantle,crust,hydrosphere,atmosphere
(C.C.H.A.M.) |
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What are the 5 unique elements of the earth? (that make it different from other planets)
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cool surface, calm winds, water, thin & transparent atmosphere, hot & convecting interior
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How old is the Earth?
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4.55 billion years old
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How old are dinosaurs?
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65 million years old
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How old are humans?
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3 million years old
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What are the 4 spheres of the Earth?
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(H.B.A.G.)
Hydrosphere, Biosphere, Atmosphere, Geosphere |
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What are the Earth's 2 sources of energy and what do they do?
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Solar Energy - drives climate
Earth's internal energy - drives plate tectonics |
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Conclusions confirmed many times over become what?
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Theory
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What is Catastrophism?
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is the theory that the Earth has been affected in the past by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope. Made by Georges Cuvier.
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What is Uniformitarianism?
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is the assumption that the same natural laws and processes that operate in the universe now have always operated in the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe. It has included the gradualistic concept that "the present is the key to the past". Made by James Hutton.
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What are the steps in the scientific theory?
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(5 steps in order)
1.Recognizing a problem 2. Collecting data 3. Hypothesis 4. Observation or experiment to test hypothesis 5. Conclusion/Communication |
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What is another name for crust?
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Lithosphere (is crust and the upper mantle together)
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What are the three types of plate boundaries?
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convergent, divergent, transform
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Plate tectonics explains what
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the distribution of minerals on Earth
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Plate tectonics theory is
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made by Alfred Wegener. Explains the state of the continents and how they move by continental drift.
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What are the properties of a mineral?
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1. Inorganic
2. naturally occuring 3. solid 4. distinct chemical composition 5. crystal struture |
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How do you identify a mineral?
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hardness,color,luster,streak,cleavage/fracture
AND Effervescence (ability for mineral to react to acid) |
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What kind of boundary/fault is the San Andreas?
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Transform boundary, strike-slip fault
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What does phaneritic mean?
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slow cooling and coarse grained. Intrusive, convergent boundary
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What does aphanitic mean?
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fast cooling, fine grained. Extrusive and divergent boundary
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What does porphyritic mean?
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slow then fast cooling, fine then coarse grained
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what are atoms made of?
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neutrons, protons, electrons
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What does vesticular mean?
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bubbly (caused by gasses)
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Mt. St. Helens was the last large eruption in the continental US
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Mt. Lassen erupted in 1915
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