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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 (of many) activities involved in mountain building
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deformation, jointing, faulting, folding, partial melting, foliation, metamorphism, glaciation, erosion, sedimentation
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The act of building mountains
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orogenesis
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3 types of deformation
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Joints, folds, faults
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3 results of deformation
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translation, rotation, distortion
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Joints
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Just break no faults
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folds
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bent layers
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faults
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offsets, one rock moves
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Strain
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change in shape
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Ductile rock will ______?
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bend
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Brittle rock will _______?
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break
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Where to find ductile rock?
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Deeper crust
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What is a thrust fault?
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reverse fault with dip < 35 degrees
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What is a normal fault?
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Hanging wall below foot wall
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What is a reverse fault?
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Hanging wall above foot wall
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Normal fault force?
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Extension
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Reverse fault force?
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Compression
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Thrust fault force?
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Compression
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Two types of folds
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anticline, syncline
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Anticline shape
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A
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Syncline shape
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smile
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What is isostasy?
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Gravitation balance between lithosphere and plates
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How is isostasy related to mountain building?
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The extra weight of mountains need more buoyancy so more crust is created
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5 causes of orogenesis
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Accretionary prisms grow upward, exotic terranes, continental collision, continental rifting, cratons
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What is an accretionary prism?
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Build up of junk scraped of of top of subducting plate
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What is a craton?
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Old, strong, stable part of tectonic crust
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