Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Species that are endemic occur in which of these?
A. all continents B. one limited area C. on an island D. cold places E. the tropics |
B. one limited area
|
|
Which of these similar plants occurs only in the New World?
A. stapeliads B. aloes C. Euphorbias D. cacti E. orchids |
D. cacti
|
|
Darwin observed that most island species seemed most closely related to which of these?
A. ecologically similar animals from similar islands in distant oceans B. species on the closest mainland C. no particular groups D. none of these |
B. species on the closest mainland
|
|
Wallace’s line separates which two biogeographic realms?
A. Neotropical and Nearctic B. Nearctic and Palearctic C. Ethiopian and Oriental D. Oriental and Australian E. Oriental and Palearctic |
D. Oriental and Australian
|
|
5. Which of these organisms has disjunct distributions with living species in eastern North America and eastern Asia?
A. tulip trees (Liriodendron) B. alligators (Alligator) C. skunk cabbages (Symplocarpus) D. giant salamanders (Family Cryptobranchidae) E. all of these |
E. all of these
|
|
Major subdivisions of biogeographic realms are called which of these?
A. regions B. provinces C. states D. disjunctions E. plazas |
B. provinces
|
|
Vicariance is one of two major explanations of disjunct distributions.
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
Dispersal is one of two major explanations of disjunct distributions.
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
The Hawaiian crickets of the Genus Laupala are quite diverse and most of the newer species occur on younger islands.
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
What is the oldest island in the Hawaiian Archipelago?
A. Maui B. Molokai C. Hawaii D. Kauai E. Oahu |
D. Kauai
|
|
11. What is the date for the formation of the oldest island in the Hawaiian Archipelago?
A. 1 MYA B. 2 MYA C. 3 MYA D. 4 MYA E. 5 MYA |
E. 5 MYA
|
|
Which of these recently managed to cross the Atlantic Ocean on its own to establish new populations in the New World?
A. house sparrows B. European starlings C. Norway rats D. cattle egrets E. none of these |
D. cattle egrets
|
|
Where were European starlings first released into the United States?
A. Golden Gates Park, CA B. Central Park, NY, NY C. Harvard Yard, Boston, MA D. Audubon Park, New Orleans, LA E. none of these |
B. Central Park, NY, NY
|
|
Which assumption is not necessary in order to “explain” the distribution of Saxifraga cernua in the figure presented above?
A. The species is old enough to have been affected by glaciations. B. During colder times the species expanded it range into a much broader range. C. Climactic changes have limited the species to colder areas today. D. Seeds of the species are dispersed widely by birds. E. The species survives wherever it can reach as long as conditions are appropriate. |
D. Seeds of the species are dispersed widely by birds.
|
|
Which of these was first to break away from the rest of Gondwana?
A. Australia B. South America C. Madagascar D. Africa E. New Zealand |
D. Africa
|
|
Which was the last land mass to break away from Antarctica during the break-up of Gondwana?
A. Australia B. South America C. Madagascar D. Africa E. New Zealand |
B. South America
|
|
The lemurs are primates found only on Madagascar today. What is the best hypothesis about how they came to occur there?
A. They arose there from a very early Gondwanan primate. B. They arose in Africa, dispersed to Madagascar, and then went extinct on Africa. C. They arose in India, dispersed to Madagascar, and then went extinct in India. D. They arose in Asia, dispersed to Madagascar by way of India, and then went extinct outside Madagascar. E. none of these |
B. They arose in Africa, dispersed to Madagascar, and then went extinct on Africa.
|
|
There is evidence supporting the hypothesis of lemurs dispersing to Africa how many times?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 E. 4 |
A. 0
|
|
Distribution of daughter lineages to areas separated by continental drift is a classic example of which of these?
A. vicariance B. dispersal C. insanity D. divine intervention E. sanity |
A. vicariance
|
|
Recreating the sequence of separations during the break-up of Gondwana using geological data instead of biological data helps us understand the history of lemurs. A. true B. false
|
A. true
|
|
Recreating the sequence of separations during the break-up of Gondwana using geological data instead of biological data helps us understand the history of chameleon.
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
The above figure was presented in your textbook as coming from Raxworthy et al. 2002. According to this cladogram, Indian chameleons must be derived from ancestors in which of these?
A. Comoro Islands B. Madagascar C. Africa D. Asia E. Australia |
B. Madagascar
|
|
According to this cladogram, African chameleons must be derived from ancestors in which of these?
A. Comoro Islands B. Madagascar C. India D. Asia E. Australia |
B. Madagascar
|
|
According to this cladogram, all chameleons must be derived from ancestors in which of these?
A. Comoro Islands B. Madagascar C. Africa D. Asia E. Australia |
B. Madagascar
|
|
The cladogram presented above is a direct copy of the one actually proposed by Raxworthy et al. in 2002. According to this cladogram, Indian chameleons must be derived from ancestors in which of these?
A. Comoro Islands B. Madagascar C. Africa D. Asia E. Australia |
C. Africa
|
|
According to this cladogram, Seychelle Island chameleons must be derived from ancestors in which of these?
A. Comoro Islands B. Madagascar C. Africa D. Asia E. Australia |
B. Madagascar
|
|
According to this cladogram, chameleons dispersed from Madagascar to Africa how many times?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 |
C. 3
|
|
The neat term describing species which arise in the area where they occur today is which of these?
A. monophyletic B. autochthonous C. allochthonous D. allopatric E. apogenetic |
B. autochthonous
|
|
The neat term describing species which arise in some area other than where they occur today is which of these?
A. monophyletic B. autochthonous C. allochthonous D. allopatric E. apogenetic |
C. allochthonous
|
|
The replacement (“out of Africa”) hypothesis for the origins of humans is strongly supported by almost all modern molecular analyses.
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
If the multiregional hypothesis for the multiple origin of modern humans from different local populations of archaic Homo sapiens and Homo erectus were correct, we should find at least some people with mitochondria derived from Homo erectus rather than Homo sapiens.
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
Analysis of complete sequences of mitochondria of people from all over the world supports a monophyletic origin for humans.
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
Analysis of complete sequences of mitochondria of people from all over the world supports a polyphyletic origin for humans.
A. true B. false |
B. false
|
|
Mitochondrion haplotypes are most diverse and most variable in which region?
A. Africa B. Asia C. Australia D. Europe E. South America |
A. Africa
|
|
Analysis of complete sequences of mitochondria of people from all over the world supports the hypothesis that the human mitochondrion arose only once and that this origin was in Africa.
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
What is the colloquial name for the animal who was the ultimate ancestor for all human mitochondria?
A. Adam B. Eve C. Shirley D. Harold E. Dr. Watson |
B. Eve
|
|
What is the molecular clock estimate of the time when the universal ancestor for the human mitochondrion lived?
A. 100,000 YBP B. 200,000 YBP C. 80,000 YBP D. 1 MYBP E. 6000 YBP |
B. 200,000 YBP
|
|
Similar analyses of the human Y chromosomes suggest that all human populations outside of Africa represent a strongly supported, monophyletic clade
A. true B. false |
A. true
|
|
The Y chromosome project also came up with an estimate of a time since all human were derived from a single common ancestor. What is the colloquial name for this ancestor?
A. Adam B. Eve C. Shirley D. Harold E. Dr. Watson |
A. Adam
|
|
Distantly related Anolis species on different Caribbean islands converge on similar morphologies associated with which niche?
A. low tree trunks B. ground C. tree crown D. twigs E. all of these |
E. all of these
|