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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Population Change
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Ecosystem |
The interrelationship of living and nonliving components |
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Biome |
Global-scale ecosystem |
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Producer |
Organisms that obtain their energy from the sun |
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Consumer |
Organisms that obtain their energy from eating other organisms |
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Decomposer |
Organisms that break down plant and animal fungi |
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Food chain |
A line of linkage between producers and consumers |
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Food web |
A diagram that shows all linkage between producers and consumers in an ecosystem |
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Scavenger |
Organisms that consume dead animals or plants |
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Adaptations |
The way plants and animals evolve to cope with environments |
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Nutrient |
Chemical elements and compounds that organisms need to grow and function |
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Sustainable |
Anything that doesn't threaten future generation |
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What does overpopulation cause |
Unsustainable growth |
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GNP |
Gross national product: How much one person is earning in a year |
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What are the two 2 reasons for desertification |
Population increase Natural processes |
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Problems of the one child policy |
Forced abortion Women placed under tremendous pressure governments have power over private lives Society prefers boys over girls |
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Benefits of the one child policy |
Decrease on population People have enough food and jobs Higher standards of living New technology |
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Rules of the one child policy |
Must not marry until late 20's Must be sterilized after fist child or abort Would have priority housing, pensions, family benefits and free education if you have one child |
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Penalties for disobeying the one child policy |
A 10% salary cut Very large fine Pay for education, healthcare for the whole family Second children born aboard not allowed to become Chinese citizens |
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Has the one child policy worked? |
Yes, China's population is now 400 million lower, Population rate dropped from 2.5% to 0.5% |
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How has Kerala's achieved population decrease? |
Social reform |
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Educational reforms in Kerala |
Improving education standards Treating women equal to men Providing adult literacy classes Educating people to understand benefits of smaller families |
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Health reforms in Kerala |
Reducing infant mortality Improving child health through vaccination programs Providing free contraception advice |
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Social reforms in Kerala |
Encouraging a high age of marriage Allowing maternity leave for only the first two babies Providing extra retirement for those with smaller families Following a land reform programme |
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What does the ageing population mean |
The number of people at retirement age is increasing relative to the rest of the population |
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Causes of an ageing population |
Decreasing birth rate longer life expectancy 1950s baby boom ( after ww2) Improved medical care More healthy lifestyles |
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Problems of an ageing population |
Government needs to spend more on pensions and care homes more money needs to spent on public transport Economically active needs to pay more tax's Longer waiting lists on operations |
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Dependancy ratio |
(% under 15)+(%over 64) / % working age x 100 |
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State pension |
The money that the government gives elderly people to live until they die |
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What contribution do older people make |
Economic contribution Part time Voluntary work childminding Valued for experience |
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How does the UK government cope with the ageing population |
Increasing birthrate and retirement age Personal saving preventative medicine |
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Internal company |
The movement of people in the same company |
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Emigration |
When people move out a country |
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Immigration |
When people move into a country |
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Illegal immigration |
People move into another country without legal documents |
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Asylum Seeker |
people who are held at a country's entry point because they don't have valid documents |
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Refugee |
Someone who has been forced to leave their home |
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Choropleth Map |
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informal economy |
working for cash and not paying tax |
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Why poles live in UK |
Lots of job opportunities get more money in uk than Poland Higher standard of living Better education and healthcare
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How migration of poles in the uk is affecting Poland |
Shortage of skilled workers women do the jobs that men previously occupied Had to recruit workers from other countries |
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Advantages of people living in the uk |
Contributes to the Uk economy Doing unwanted jobs poles are hardworking |
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Disadvantages of people living in the uk |
Conflict between the two communities homes are overcrowded taking work away from locals hospitals are overcrowded language barriers |
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State some densely populated areas
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India, China,Indonesia and Bangladesh
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Factors encouraging high population densities?
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No climate change
Natural vegetation Economic Services Governments |
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State some sparsely populated areas
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Antartica, Canada and Australia
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Factors encouraging low population densities?
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Climate extremes
Mountains Lack of natural resources Poor services |
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Birth rates
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Number of babies born per 1,000 people per year
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Death rates
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Number of deaths per 1,000 people per year
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Exponential Growth
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A pattern where the growth rate constantly increases often shown on a J–curve graph
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Natural decrease
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Death rates exceeds birth rates
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Natural increase
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Birth rates exceeds death rates
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State some densely populated areas
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India, China,Indonesia and Bangladesh
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Factors encouraging high population densities?
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No climate change
Natural vegetation Economic Services Governments |
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State some sparsely populated areas
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Antartica, Canada and Australia
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Factors encouraging low population densities?
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Climate extremes
Mountains Lack of natural resources Poor services |
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Birth rates
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Number of babies born per 1,000 people per year
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Death rates
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Number of deaths per 1,000 people per year
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Exponential Growth
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A pattern where the growth rate constantly increases often shown on a J–curve graph
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Natural decrease
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Death rates exceeds birth rates
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Natural increase
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Birth rates exceeds death rates
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Migration
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The movement of one permeant home to another
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Rural–to–urban migration
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Rural ares to cities
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Emancipation of women
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Set women free from political,legal and social restrictions
To have equal rights |
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Emigrant
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The person leaving country of residence to move to another
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Immigrant
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Someone entering a country with the intensions of living there
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Fertility rate
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Average number of babies a women will have during her life time.
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