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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What makes a wave a destructive wave?

Strong Backwash


Weak Swash


Tall breaker


The wave is high in proportion to its length

What makes a wave a Constructive wave?

Strong swash


low wave in proportion to length


Weak backwash

What is Erosion?

Wearing away of rocks by the action of the sea

What is weathering?

Wearing away of rocks by the action of the weather, plants or chemicals

Name types of Sub-aerial weathering...

Rain


Freeze-thaw


Surface Run-off

Name types of Biological weathering...

Burrowing organisms


Roots from trees/plants

What is slumping?

A large area of land moving down a slope

Where is slumping most common?

On Clay-Cliffs

Explain slumping...

Dry weather makes the clay expand and contract, when it rains the rain water gets into the cracks, this causes the soil to become saturated causing a large piece of rock to be pulled down the cliff face.

Still to fill...

Still to fill...

Name all three types of sea walls...

Straight sea wall


Lipped sea wall


Stepped sea wall

What is rock armour?

Large rocks placed at the foot of the cliff or in front of sea walls to prevent erosion.

What are revetments?

Open structure made of wood or concrete that absorbs the energy of the waves before they reach the cliff face.

What are Gabions?

Steel cages rilled with rock and stacked in front of cliffs to reduce erosion and cliff falls

What is offshore breakwater?

Rocks or other materials built up in offshore bars to to make waves break before they reach the beach.

What are Groynes?

Wooden or concrete structures designed to break waves and preserve the beach.

Give a case study of Hard engineering...

Ventnor, Isle of Wight

Describe what Ventnor did...

The rise in sea levels at Ventnor forced the local council to implement hard engineering techniques to protect coastal properties, the main type of 'Hard Engineering' implemented was sea walls.

Give a case study linked with 'Soft Engineering'

Pevensey Bay

Give an overview of Pevensey Bay...

Pevensey Bay is a low lying part of East Sussex, meaning they are venerable to floods, the are of land that is susceptible is environmentally protected meaning that they had to use soft engineering, so not to disrupt the area.


Beach replenishment is used as a way of battling long shore drift. They also use Beach recycling and beach reprofilling.

Give a case study linked with 'Managed retreat"

Wallasea Wetland Creation Scheme

Explain what Wallasea Wetland Creation scheme involves...

This scheme is too create a huge amount of farm land back into the marsh land it once was as a way of showing the affects of global warming. This will be done using managed retreat

Give a case study for rising coastal competition

St. Lucia

What is the problem in St. Lucia?

Many Caribbean coastal areas are under increasing pressure from competing coral activities such as tourism and fishing. This creates particular management challenges, especially in environmentally sensitive areas. the Soufriere Marine management Area (SMMA) was set up to protect one of the most productive coral reefs on the west coast of St. Lucia.

What did the Government do about St. Lucia?

They split up the area into 5 distinct zones. these included the following...


Marine Reserves


Fishing Priority areas


Yachting


Multipurpose areas


Recreational areas