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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are maps |
Graphical representations of the surface of the earth |
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What are maps for. |
They help is Orient ourselves. They help us know what people knew and they help us know what people found important to perseve. |
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Why is the source important (maps) |
Different maps have different uses for different people. What matters to the creator is critical. |
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What are the 3 elements of maps? |
Scale - relative size of the earth to the map Projection - the Earth is flattened on a map. This considers how the surface of the earth is dipicted. Symbolism - code that expressed features or phenomenon. |
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What is the Markaiter projection? |
Maps tend to shrink everything at the equator and stretch everything at the poles. |
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What is the Laurentian and ordovocan periods? |
The Laurentian period was a time before NA formed. The ordovocan period was 500 million years ago when Toronto was submerged and limestone formed. |
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How was Bedrock formed? |
Sediments we're laid down over millions of years in the continental sea which produced bedrock. |
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How many ice ages were there? |
5 |
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What is the difference between geomorphology and geology? |
Geomorphology is the study of how the surface of the earth changes. Geology is a study of what lies beneath the surface. |
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What is deglaciation? |
The act of glaciers receding after an ice age. The weight of these.glaciers compressed the ground creating basins and massive streams which became rivers. |
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What are lost rivers? |
This is a term given to rivers that have been buried. |
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What is daylighting? |
It is the act of bringing rivers above ground. |
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What are 4 cons of lost rivers? |
1 - Increases Urban heat island effect. City gets warmer because heat cannot disperse. 2- Increases danger of storm surges. Rain water downpour can cause fludding in sewage pipes which leads to overflow (public health risk) 3- loss of urban biodiversity. 4- loss of animal habitat |
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What are pros of lost rivers? |
-Rivers are buried so that more development can occur above ground. -Cities can thus expand -Land can thus be maximized |
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What are the three watersheds? What is a watershed? |
Humber Don valley Rouge river
-collects all water from rivers. Separates waters flowing to different rivers. --these are also glacial features. |
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How is Tokyo Bay and Tommy Thompson the same and different? |
Both are industrial, human made, and contribute to urban biodiversity. Tommy is connected to other parks (continguous sites) but is separate from the city. While Tokyo attemps to keep the.park within the city reather than separated. |
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What is Isostatic rebound? When did it occur. |
10,000 years ago, ice sheets advanced and in doing so pushed land forward creating large form of land. |
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Detail the evolutionary timeline of the Clovis people (Paleo Indian) (first settlers of Toronto): |
1000 BC - Hunters, gatherers, fishers 500 AD - Expansion, innovation, and interaction (Algonquin groups established) 1300 AD - Agriculture (Iroquoian language) 1600 AD - Village life, long houses and villages pre contact stage) [1300-1000 BC - Algonquin to Iroquon) |
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Who were the wendat people? |
The wendat people, aka the Huron was a civilation between 1200 and 1600 AD that lived off the land in settlements. Existing before colonization. |
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What is the significance of the Parson's site? |
10 long houses that held 80 each. Represents the first signs of amalgamation of communities. Relating to the formation of the tribal system. -pre-colonial civilization. |
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What are the two earliest language families? |
Alqonquin - anishnaabemowin languages. (Plains). Iroquoian - cherokee, mohawk.etc |
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What is the symbolism of the comb (from the video)? |
Symbolic of unity between European and indigenous communities. Repping ideology of the Seneca and other 17th century Aboriginal groups. |
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Why is 1640, 1763,1787, and 1923 important dates? |
1640 - first travelers, Jesuit missionaries spread disease killing 50% of population. 1763 - royal proclamation instated by British crown 1787 - Toronto purchase (unfair deal) 1923 - Williams treaty rectified mistakes of Toronto purchase. |
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What is a toponym? What is toponymy? |
A place name (Spadina, St. Andrew) Toponymy: -study of a place and what they can reveal about the history of the place. (Spadina - ishpadina) (Lake Simcoe - meeting place) (Kanata - the village) |
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What is the difference between colonial and indignenous topoyms? |
How one relates to the land. Colonial is honor related while indigenous are implanted for direction (for a use). |
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Detail the significance of the wampam belt. |
The wampam belt dipects a dish that represents southern Ontario to the great lakes. We all eat out of it and share it with one spoon. Ensuring it is never empty |
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What are the three major groups? |
Mississaugas, haudenaushnee, and anishnabees |
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What is the difference between Imperialism and collonialism? |
Imperialism - the extension of power of a Nation through direct or indirect control of economic and political ties of a territory. Colonialism - the establishment and maintenance of political and economic domination by a state over a separate society. |
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What is the difference between settler colonialism and plantation colonialism? |
Settler - where immigration is used to settle the new territory. Plantation - where indigenous are used to exploit resources of the territory which was taken from them. |
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What is decolonization? |
The act of rectifying the disposition of Aboriginal people affected by Plantation colonialism. |
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What is the difference between a band and a nation? |
Band - a body of Indians for whose collective use and benefit lands have been set apart by the Crown (for the purpose of the Indian Act) Nation - a group of people with a shared culture and bounded territory. |
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Define the classification - Aboriginal. |
Inhabiting or existing in a land from the earliest.time from before the arrival of colonialists. |
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What were the three issues regarding the Toronto purchase? |
Geographic -different relationships to the land Cultural - difference between colonizers and Aboriginals. Linguistic - difference in interpretation of legal documents. |
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Problems with the Williams treaty: |
Three separate large parcels of land purchased in 1923. -dealing with more than one band -several nation's with various cultures -already used by the government -should settle treaties first -two forms of government |
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What is the difference between indigenous and Aboriginal? |
Indigenous: a large group of people in a place of origin. Aboriginal: specific groups that existed in a place of origin before colonization. (First Nations, inuit, metis) |
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What is the difference between fordism and taylorism? |
Fordism - mass production (making a lot of one thing) Taylor - efficiency and effectivness (making more than one product and making it specialized, just in time production) ----This caused a state of disorganization because men had to be multi skilled , work more than one job. |
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What is Stage 1 of the Kondratiev cycle? |
1790-1840 -Maximum public effort would come from uncontrolled governments (ELITES) REVENUE GENERATED FROM TAXES CITY INCORPORATED URBAN GOVERNMENT (ELITES)REVENUE GENERATED FROM TAXESCITY INCORPORATED 5 WARDS (st. Patrick, St. Andrew, St. George. St. David's. St. Lawrence)W.L.M first mayor 5 WARDS (st. Patrick, St. Andrew, St. George. St. David's. St. Lawrence) W.L.M first mayor |
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What is Stage 2 of the Kondratiev cycle? |
1840-875 UNHOLY TRINITY (gangs, fires, disease) MUNICIPAL SOCIALISM (key services provided) NEW POLITICAL STYLE (machine politics scratch my back I'll scratch yours) |
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What is Stage 3 of the Kondratiev cycle? |
Reaction to machine politics. PROGRESSIVE ERA POLITICS. SOCIAL SERVICES BOOSTERISM - investments in the city and development of.economy so to fuel greater growth. |
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What is the difference between race and ethinicty? |
Ethinicty is the instance of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition. (African American, white people, indigenous people) Race: The socially constructed differentiation amongst people based on appearance. (Brown, white, black) |
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Places where people of specific ethnicities |
Ethnic enclaves. |
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What is segregation? |
The process of social differences among groups. Can be institutional. groups. Can be institutional. . Can be institutional. |
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What is Concentration in relation to segregation? |
The term used when seggregation is mostly voluntary process among communities. |
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What are positive and negative views of segregation? |
Pos- helps newcomers assimilate -procides economic advantage -provides a sense of home (concentration) Cons-ghettoization (involuntary concentration that leads to cycles of poverty) -decreaaws chances of integration -leads to isolation and inaccessible resouces |
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What is spatial assimilation? |
When young immigrants cluster together upon arrival, aquire resources and move out into better areas. |
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What are David Hulchanski's 3 cities? |
1- highly accessible 2-all the way up to lake Simcoe 3-polarized low class - immigrants are here. |
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Regent Park - Pre Modernism |
Began as Cabbage town. Dense populations |
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Regent Park - Modernism (1940-1950) |
Creation of.Regent Park -new housing.style |
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Regent Park - Post modernism |
1990s Revitalization, mixed use property, heritage as a commodity. |
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What are the 4 models of urban geogrpahy: |
Concentric rings - Robert Park 4 zones that Branch out Sector Model - Homer Hoyt Transportation to 🐻. Wedges instead of.rings Multiple nuclei model - Chauncey and Edward More than one center Incorpratws more.land use to show changing mixed use Michael Whites model Rise of service economy Decentralization and changes in suburbs |
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What are the 4 generators of diversity? Who is this tehroru by? |
Jane Jacobs 1 - need for mixed primary use 2- need for.small blocks 3 - need for.aged buildings 4 - need for concentration |
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Why was regent mark.created? |
1 - better living conditions 2 - destruction of shanty towns that ruin the areas value. 3 - modernism makes an argument for segregated modes of urban living. |
