Genito-Urinary Board Review

Front 1

Risk factors for renal cell ca

Back 1

obesity
smoking
htn

Front 2

flank pain, abdominal mass and hematuria

Back 2

renal cell ca

Front 3

condition that can cause detrussor arreflexia and urine retention as a consequence

Back 3

cva

Front 4

urinary condition often associated with a brain tumor

Back 4

detrussor hyperreflexia (urinary frequency and urgency)

Front 5

gold standard tx for bph

Back 5

transurethral prostatectomy

Front 6

Abnormal dilatation of the pampiniform plexus in the scrotum

Back 6

Varicocele

Front 7

varicocele in the right testicle in a boy younger than 10 yo think...

Back 7

an abdominal or renal mass

Front 8

pt leaks urine when coughing, laughing but no when laying supine

Back 8

stress incontinence (weakness of pelvic floor muscles)

Front 9

causes of urge urinary incontinence

Back 9

detrussor hyperreflexia and sphincter dysfunction

Front 10

type of urinary incontinence seen in bph and urethral strictures

Back 10

overflow incontinence due to chronic urine retention

Front 11

kidney stones not detectable on xrays

Back 11

uric acid
cystene

Front 12

test of choice for nephrolithiasis

Back 12

helical ct

Front 13

tx for kidney stones from 5mm to 2 cm

Back 13

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

Front 14

tx for kidney stones larger than 2 cm

Back 14

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Front 15

how thiazide diuretics help decrease stones formation in the kidney

Back 15

they decrease calcium excretion in the urine

Front 16

inability to retract the foreskin

Back 16

phimosis

Front 17

Most common cause of testicular pain in boys older than 12 years old

Back 17

Testicular Torsion

Front 18

dysuria, hematuria, suprapubic tenderness

Back 18

cystitis

Front 19

common cause of epididymitis in a pt younger than 40 yrs

Back 19

chlamydia or gonorrhea

Front 20

most common cause of epidydimitis in a pt > 40 yr

Back 20

uti or prostatitis

Front 21

fever, pelvic pain, urethral discharge w/ pain on the tip of the penis

Back 21

epididymitis: urethritis, cystitis

Front 22

tx for epididymitis due to stds

Back 22

single dose of ceftriaxone and doxycicline x 10 d

Front 23

tx for epididymitis not caused by stds

Back 23

quinolones x 10 d

Front 24

2 common causes of orchitis

Back 24

cocksackie B virus and mumps

Front 25

dx test for prostatitis

Back 25

two-glass test or four-glass test

Front 26

tx for acute pyelonephritis both in- and out-patient settings. Also what change in duration of tx if chronic

Back 26

Acute:
(In-pt) Ampicillin w/ Gentamycin IV for 3 weeks
(Out-pt) Cipro or Bactrim PO for 3 weeks

Chronic: Tx extends to 3 months (up to 6)

Front 27

tx for prostatodynia

Back 27

alpha-blockers

Front 28

2 risk factors for bladder ca

Back 28

smoking
exposure to arylamine (dye,leather, rubber)

Front 29

painful hematuria w/ flank or abdominal pain in a 70 y/o male think...

Back 29

bladder ca

Front 30

most important dx test for bladder ca

Back 30

flexible cystoscopy

Front 31

flank pain, abdominal mass, hematuria

Back 31

renal cell ca

Front 32

gross hematuria after URI ASO negative think...

Back 32

Berger's dz or Ig A nephropathy

Front 33

positive ANCA glomerulonephritis, sinusitis

Back 33

wegener's granulomatosis

Front 34

positive anti-GMB antibodies and glomerulonephritis with hemoptysis

Back 34

good pasture's syndrome

Front 35

tx for hyponatremia in a symptomatic pt

Back 35

na correction at 1 meq/l/h
saline w/ furosemide

Front 36

oliguria, orthostatic hypotension w/ a urine osmolarity over 400 think...

Back 36

hypernatremia second to non-renal losses

Front 37

polyuria, polydipsia, orthostatic hypotension w/ urine osmolarity under 250 and normal glucose level, consider...

Back 37

diabetes insipidus

Front 38

muscle cramps and weakness, fatigue, hyporeflexia what's the lyte imbalance?

Back 38

hypokalemia

Front 39

antibiotic that causes hypocalcemia

Back 39

aminoglycosides

Front 40

prolonged qt interval what's the lyte imbalance

Back 40

hypocalcemia

Front 41

constipation, polyuria and decreased qt interval

Back 41

hypercalcemia

Front 42

juxtaglomerular hyperplasia, hyperaldosteronism and hypokalemic alkalosis

Back 42

bartter's syndrome

Front 43

Testicular pain where there's an absent cremasteric reflex

Back 43

TESTICULAR TORSION

Front 44

Blue dot sign, present cremasteric reflex

Back 44

TORSION OF APPENDIX TESTIS

Front 45

This group of drugs inhibit the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone thus helping reduce bph.

Back 45

5ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITORS (FINASTERIDE-PROPECIA, DUTASTERIDE-AVODART)

Front 46

In a pt that presents with sx of pyelonephritis and has a pmhx of sickle cell, chronic use of nsaids or dm2..which condition must be r/o?

Back 46

PAPILLARY NECROSIS..PYELOGRAPHY SHOWS "RING SHADOW"

Front 47

Fusion of the foot processes seen on EM of glomerulus..dx?

Back 47

MINIMAL CHANGE DZ

Front 48

Vitamin toxicity that causes formation of calcium oxalate renal stones...

Back 48

VIT C (REMEMBER ANTIFREEZE DOES THIS TOO)

Front 49

Most common cause of death in pts w/ Polycystic Kidney Dz?

Back 49

END STAGE RENAL FAILURE

Front 50

Pt w/ HIV or heroin user who developes nephrotic syndrome..dx? and what do you see on biopsy?

Back 50

FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS..SEGMENTS OF SCLEROSIS OF THE GLOMERULI W/ NORMAL AREAS

Front 51

Silver methenamine stain of the kidney tissue shows "spike and dome pattern" 2/2 thickening of glomerular basement membrane..Dx?

Back 51

MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY

Front 52

Most common cause of primary nephrotic syndrome in adults?

Back 52

MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY

Front 53

On renal microscopy, splitting or "tram track" appearance of the capillary walls aka "lobulation" along with proliferation of the mesangium..DX?

Back 53

MEMBRANOPROLIFRATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Front 54

Pt with PMhx of cirrhosis presents wih ascites refractory to diuretic tx, decreased urinary output and elevated BUN and creatinine..Dx and Tx?

Back 54

DX: HEPATO-RENAL SYNDROME

TX: LIVER TRANSPLANT

Front 55

Main difference between the dx of SIADH vs Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome?

Back 55

VOLUME: LOW IN CSWS VS NL OR HIGH IN SIADH

Front 56

A diabetic pt who doesn't take his pills develops flank pain, fever and hematuria.CT shows air in the renal parenchyma. MLDx?

Back 56

EMPHYSEMATOUS PYELONEPHRITIS

Front 57

40 yo male noticed a lump in his testicle but says is not painful although it feels a little swollen. He had sx when he was a baby for undescending testicles. Serum HCG & AFP are elevated. MLDx?

Back 57

SEMINOMA

Front 58

Which test is contraindicated in a pt w/ a testicular mass?

Back 58

BIOPSY; IT DISRUPTS LYMPHATIC VESSELS

Front 59

A child's mom feels a mass in her son's testicle. There's no surgical hx. The child looks advance in his sexual development for his age. MLDx?

Back 59

LEYDIG CELL TUMOR

Front 60

Rod-shaped crystals found on testicular pathology of Leydig Cell Tumors

Back 60

REINKE'S CRYSTALS