Genetics Review For Unit Test

Front 1

Trait

Back 1

characteristics that are inherited

Front 2

Sex chromosome

Back 2

either of a pair of chromosomes that determine whether an individual is male or female.

Front 3

X chromosome

Back 3

female

Front 4

Y chromosome

Back 4

male

Front 5

Mendel

Back 5

monk, took care of the garden

Front 6

dominant

Back 6

the gene that covers up the effect of the other one (R)

Front 7

recessive

Back 7

effect of a gene is hidden (r)

Front 8

Gene

Back 8

part of DNA that determines a trait

Front 9

Chromosone

Back 9

part of the cell that carries hereditary information in the form of genes -- one long piece of DNA.

Front 10

Genetics

Back 10

study of the inheritance of characteristics by children from parents

Front 11

DNA

Back 11

basic substance of heredity

Front 12

Heterozygous (hybrid)

Back 12

that both of the genes for a trait are difference (Tt, Rr)

Front 13

Homozygous (purebred)

Back 13

that both of the genes for a trait are exactly the same (rr, bb, tt)

Front 14

Genotype

Back 14

the genetic make-up of a trait

Front 15

phenotype

Back 15

this is what the organisms looks like

Front 16

Mutation

Back 16

a sudden change in a gene or a chromosone

Front 17

a chart that shows all of the members of the family, specifically following one specific trait

Back 17

pedigree chart

Front 18

genetics

Back 18

a unit of heredity

Front 19

Punnet

Back 19

came up with the Punnet square

Front 20

F1

Back 20

First generation

Front 21

Laws of segregation

Back 21

Mendel's conclusion that a parent passes on one alle for each trait to its offspring

Front 22

heredity

Back 22

the passing on of a characteristics from parents to offspring

Front 23

gametes

Back 23

another name for sex cells

Front 24

fertilization

Back 24

the uniting of male and female gameter

Front 25

Amniocentesis

Back 25

the surgical insertion of a hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the uterus of a pregnant female and the aspiration of fluid from the amniotic sac for analysis

Front 26

Karyotype

Back 26

Fetal cells contained in the amniotic fluid also can be cultured and the karyotype (chromosome morphology) determined to identify chromosomal abnormality

Front 27

Incomplete dominance

Back 27

neither gene if dominant but the effects of the genes will mix

Front 28

CoDominance

Back 28

neither gene is dominant but they both show

Front 29

mytoses

Back 29

process by which body cells divide into two similar cells