Genetics Exam 1 Terms

Front 1

A diploid genotype in which both alleles are identical

Back 1

Homozygous

Front 2

A repeating structure of eukaryotic chromosomes that is composed of histones

Back 2

Nucleosome

Front 3

Alternative forms of the same gene

Back 3

Allele

Front 4

Centromere is located at the end of the chromosome

Back 4

Telocentric

Front 5

Chromosome with the centromere towards one end

Back 5

Acrocentric

Front 6

Copies of a chromosome held together by a single centromere

Back 6

Chromatid

Front 7

Genes found close together of the same chromosomes

Back 7

Linkage group

Front 8

Nuclear division that produces gametes

Back 8

Meiosis

Front 9

Principle demonstrated by Mendel that states the alternative forms of a gene will be represented in different gametes

Back 9

Segregation

Front 10

Principle discovered by Mendel that states that genes on different chromosomes behave independently

Back 10

Independent Assortment

Front 11

Stage 1 of prophase 1 when pairing of the homologous chromosomes occurs

Back 11

Pachytene

Front 12

Stage 1 of prophase 1 where chiasmata can be observed

Back 12

Diplotene

Front 13

Stage 1 of prophase 1 where chromosomes shorten

Back 13

Leptotene

Front 14

Stage 1 of prophase 1 where terminalization occurs

Back 14

Diakinesis

Front 15

Stage 1 of prophase 1 where the chromosomes first become visible

Back 15

Zygotene

Front 16

Name for the complex formed when two homologous chromosomes are paired in Meiosis I

Back 16

Bivalent

Front 17

The number of chromosomes found in gametes

Back 17

Haploid

Front 18

The position of a gene on a chromosome

Back 18

Locus

Front 19

The situation in which a single gene affects two or more characteristics

Back 19

Pleiotropy

Front 20

What you see, the result of the genotype interacting with its environment.

Back 20

Pheynotype

Front 21

An organism with the following genotype AABbCcDdeeFf can form how many different gamete types?

Back 21

2 ^4

Front 22

Alternate forms of a gene are known as

Back 22

Alleles

Front 23

Organisms with similar phenotypes

Back 23

may have different genotypes

Front 24

The principle of independent assortment applies to

Back 24

Genes on different chromosomes

Front 25

The end products of spermatogenesis are

Back 25

4 haploid cells

Front 26

Sub-stages of prophase 1

Back 26

Leptotene
Zygotene
Pachytene
Diplotene
Diakinesis

Front 27

Chiasma

Back 27

point where two chromatids are intertwined (interwoven) in a cell

Front 28

Chiasma

Back 28

point where two chromatids are intertwined (interwoven) in a cell