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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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trans configuration
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The arrangement in linked inheritance in which a genotype heterozygous for two mutant sites has received one of the mutant sites from each parent -- that is, a1+ / +a2.
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ascus
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A sac containing the spores (ascospores) produced by meiosis in certain groups of fungi, including Neurospora and yeast.
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centimorgan
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A unit of distance in the genetic map equal to 1 percent recombination; also called a map unit.
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chromosome map
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A diagram showing the locations and relative spacing of genes along a chromosome.
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heteroduplex
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All or part of a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule in which the two strands have different hereditary origins; produced either as an intermediate in recombination or by the in vitro annealing of single-stranded complementary molecules.
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Holliday junction
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A cross-shaped configuration of two DNA duplexes formed as an intermediate in recombination.
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linkage
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The tendency of genes located in the same chromosome to be associated in inheritance more frequently than expected from their independent assortment in meiosis.
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linkage group
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The set of genes present together in a chromosome.
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linkage map
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A diagram of the order of genes in a chromosome in which the distance between adjacent genes is proportional to the rate of recombination between them; also called a genetic map.
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map distance
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The genetic distance between two marker genes expressed as the sum of the length in map units across of a set of small, nonoverlapping intervals between the marker genes; corresponds to one-half of the average number of chiasmata between the genes multiplied by 100.
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locus
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The site or position of a particular gene on a chromosome.
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nonparental ditype (NPD)
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An ascus containing two pairs of recombinant spores.
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parental combination
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Alleles present in an offspring chromosome in the same combination as that found in one of the parental chromosomes.
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parental ditype (PD)
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An ascus containing two pairs of nonrecombinant spores.
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polymorphism
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The presence in a population of two or more relatively common forms of a gene, chromosome, or genetically determined trait.
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random spore analysis
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In fungi, the genetic analysis of spores collected at random rather than from individual tetrads.
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recombinant
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A chromosome that results from crossing-over and that carries a combination of alleles differing from that of either chromosome participating in the crossover; the cell or organism that contains a recombinant chromosome.
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restriction enzyme
or restriction endonuclease |
A nuclease that recognizes a short nucleotide sequence (restriction site) in a DNA molecule and cleaves the molecule at that site; also called a restriction enzyme.
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restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
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Genetic variation in a population associated with the size of restriction fragments that contain sequences homologous to a particular probe DNA; the polymorphism results from the positions of restriction sites flanking the probe, and each variant is essentially a different allele.
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second-division segregation
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Segregation of a pair of alleles into different nuclei in the second meiotic division, the result of crossing-over between the gene and the centromere of the pair of homologous chromosomes.
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