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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a heterozygote?
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When two copies of a gene having two different alleles.
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What is penetrance?
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When genotype is expressed in phenotype.
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What is an allele?
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One form of a gene.
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What is segregation?
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Separation into different gametes.
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What is independant assortment?
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Segregation at random into gametes.
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Define dominant.
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Allele express in the heterozygote.
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What is codominant?
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Both alleles are expressed in the heterozygote.
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What is epistasis?
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Epistatis occurs when alleles at one locus affect the phenotype produced by alleles at another locus.
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What is F1?
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The first filial generation of a cross.
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What is F2?
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The offspring of an F1 x F2 cross.
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What are gametes?
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Gametes are the sperm and eggs, or pollen and ovules of an organism.
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What are germ cells?
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Germ cells are the sperm and eggs, or pollen and ovules of an organism.
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What is a gene?
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A gene is an entity which controls a particular trait in an organism.
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What is Phenotype?
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Phenotype denotes the traits exhibited by an individual.
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What is genotype?
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Genotype indicates the alleles an individual has.
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What is Somatic tissue?
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That part of the organism other than the germ cells.
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What does P stand for?
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The parental generation.
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If the two copies of a gene are the same allele, the individual is called?
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Homozygous
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A Homozygous individual will produce how many types of gametes?
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One type.
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When two copies of a gene are different alleles, the individual is called?
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Heterozygous.
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A heterozygous individual produces how many types of gametes?
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2 to the n where n is the number of genes with two copies of an allele.
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What are Mendel's two Laws?
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The Law of Segregation.
The Law of Independant Assortment. |
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What is the Law of Segregation?
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The two alleles of a given gene present in the somatic tisse are segregated from each other into separate gametes.
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What is Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?
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Segregation at random into gametes.
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What is a dihybrid cross?
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A cross where two traits segregate into germ cells.
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What does "wild-type" mean.
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Describes individuals with the "normal" or most common phenotype.
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What is Variable Expressivity?
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Different individuals with the same genotype do not have exactly the same phenotype. e.g polydactyl
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What is reduced penetrance?
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Ocurs when expressivity can vary to the extent that individuals who have inherited a given genetic trait sometimes cannot be distinguished from normal.
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What is Pedigree?
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Pedigree is a nomenclature for tracking genetic information for orgnisms with a small number of offspring.
Circle - Female Square - Male Two Forms 1. Mates - connected by a horizontal line 2. Lines join parents to offspring. Each line represents transmission of a gamete. |
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What is recessive?
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Allele not expressed in a heterozygote.
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