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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What do the letters "A, C, G, T" stand for in genetics? |
The chemicals Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine. |
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What is the "full" name of DNA? |
Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
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When was the symmetrical structure of DNA discovered? |
1953 |
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Who discovered the structure of DNA? |
Francis Crick and James Watson |
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Which chemicals pair with which in strands of DNA? (A, C, G, T) |
Adenine (A) with Thymine (T) Guanine (G) with Cytosine (C) |
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What is the "backbone" of DNA made of? |
Sugar and phosphate |
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What is the name of the sugar in DNA? |
Deoxyribose |
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How many chromosomes are in a human cell? |
46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs |
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What can break down chromosomes? |
Enzymes |
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What are enzymes made up of? |
Proteins |
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What are two types of acids in acid rain? |
Nitric acid and sulphuric acid |
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What do acids do to the soil plants grow in? |
They leech out important minerals plants need. |
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What do ribosomes do and what do they contain? |
Ribosomes are "machines" that translate DNA recipes into proteins. They contain RNA. |
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Which three elements are humans mostly made of? |
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen |
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What are two main functional features of RNA that are different from DNA? |
It can copy itself (replicate) without assistance, and it can act as a catalyst, breaking up and joining other molecules, even RNA themselves. |
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DNA's Ts are made up of RNA ____s. |
U |