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16 Cards in this Set

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  • Back

What do the letters "A, C, G, T" stand for in genetics?

The chemicals Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine.

What is the "full" name of DNA?

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

When was the symmetrical structure of DNA discovered?

1953

Who discovered the structure of DNA?

Francis Crick and James Watson

Which chemicals pair with which in strands of DNA? (A, C, G, T)

Adenine (A) with Thymine (T) Guanine (G) with Cytosine (C)

What is the "backbone" of DNA made of?

Sugar and phosphate

What is the name of the sugar in DNA?

Deoxyribose

How many chromosomes are in a human cell?

46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs

What can break down chromosomes?

Enzymes

What are enzymes made up of?

Proteins

What are two types of acids in acid rain?

Nitric acid and sulphuric acid

What do acids do to the soil plants grow in?

They leech out important minerals plants need.

What do ribosomes do and what do they contain?

Ribosomes are "machines" that translate DNA recipes into proteins. They contain RNA.

Which three elements are humans mostly made of?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

What are two main functional features of RNA that are different from DNA?

It can copy itself (replicate) without assistance, and it can act as a catalyst, breaking up and joining other molecules, even RNA themselves.

DNA's Ts are made up of RNA ____s.

U