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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is toxicity? |
Toxicity is the capacity to injure a living system. |
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What is the dose time relationship stand for? |
It’s the amount and rate of exposure to a substance. |
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What is acute toxicity? |
It is how poisonous a pesticide is after one shirt-term exposure. |
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What is chronic toxicity? |
The delayed poisonous effect from exposure to a substance. |
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What is the timeframe for acute exposure? |
24 hours |
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What is the time frame for chronic exposure? |
Exposure of 3 months or more. |
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What are the 3 routes of entry for pesticide toxicity? |
Dermal Inhalation Oral |
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What does LD50 or Lethal Dose Fifty stand for? |
The amount of pesticide that will kill half the test animals in a lab test by oral or dermal exposure. |
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Is a higher or lower LD50 number more poisonous? |
The smaller or lower the LD50 number, requires less chemical required to be fatal. |
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What unit of measurement is used for LD50 values? |
Milligrams per Kilogram |
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How many pounds are in a kilogram? |
About 2.2 pounds |
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How are most pesticides measured? |
In parts per million. PPM |
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What does LC50 or Lethal Concentration Fifty mean? |
A pesticides ability to cause death by inhalation. |
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How is LC50 measured? |
Milligrams per liter |
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How are signal words determined for pesticides? |
Based on LD50 and other test. |
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How many toxic categories of pesticides are there? |
4 |
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The effects of which type of exposure-acute or chronic- can be more easily detected and studied? |
Acute |
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A pesticide dose is the ________ of Pesticide to which a surface, plant or animal is exposed. |
Amount |
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True or False Some pesticides are poisonous no matter how they enter the body. |
True |
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Which pesticide solution is most likely to be absorbed through the skin? A. Oil-based B. Water-based C. Dry |
A. Oil-based |
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Which areas of the body absorb pesticides quickly? |
Eyes, ears, scalp, and genitals. |
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Which two routes of entry are likely to be the most important to you? |
Dermal and Inhalation |
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Which factor affects the toxicity of a pesticide? A. Route of Entry B. Frequency and duration (rate) Of exposure C. Dose received D. All of the above |
D. All of the above |
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An example of a chronic effect is the drop in __________, an essential body enzyme, caused by organophosphates and carbamates. |
Cholinesterase |
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__________ effects occur at the site of contact with a pesticide while __________ effects occur away from the point of contact. |
Local, systemic |
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Skin rash, nausea, eye irritation, and dizziness are examples of ___________ toxic effects. |
Reversible |
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What are the toxic categories? |
1 Highly toxic 2 moderately Toxic 3 slightly toxic 4 relatively nontoxic |
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How is LD50 used?
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LD50 is used with other test to place pesticides in a “toxic” category and give them a “signal word” |
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Six milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) is equal to ________ parts per million. |
Six |
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What signal word must be on the label for pesticides classified as “Relatively non-toxic”? A. Caution B. Danger! C. Warning! |
A. Caution |
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What signal word must be on the label for pesticides classified as “Highly-toxic”? A. Caution! B. Danger! C. Warning! |
B. Danger! |
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What signal word must be on the label for pesticides classified as “slightly-toxic”? A. Caution! B. Danger! C. Warning! |
A. Caution! |
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What signal word must be on the label for pesticides classified as “Moderately-toxic”? A. Caution! B. Danger! C. Warning! |
C. Warning! |
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The toxicity of a substance is its ability to cause injury, while ________ is the risk or chance that harm will come from using the pesticide. |
Hazard |
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Is a highly toxic material always very hazardous? |
No, if a highly toxic material is handled properly it could actually pose a low risk or hazard. |
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What caution words are used to convey how toxic a pesticide is? |
Danger Warning Caution Caution |
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Which signal word is for the most hazardous chemicals? |
Danger |
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What is the least toxic signal word used on labels? |
Caution |
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Where can you find out different exposure methods for chemicals? |
SDS Safety data sheet |
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What is the location of a pesticide application called? |
Target Site |
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What is the most hazardous type of pesticide formulation? |
Emulsified concentrate |
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What is the least hazardous formulation of pesticides? |
Granular |
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What are the different types of formulations used in pesticides? |
Emulsified concentrates Wearable powders/flowable (in suspension) Granular |
