General Logic Exam 2

Front 1

An argument is valid...

Back 1

If the premises are true, then the conclusion can't be false.

Front 2

An argument is strong...

Back 2

The conclusion is likely to be true because the premises are true.

Front 3

An argument is sound...

Back 3

valid argument with true premises (deductive).

Front 4

An argument is cogent...

Back 4

Inductively strong argument.

Front 5

Do the premises of a valid argument have to be true?

Back 5

No

Front 6

Does the conclusion of a valid argument have to be true?

Back 6

No

Front 7

Does the conclusion of a sound argument have to be true?

Back 7

Yes

Front 8

Does the conclusion of a strong argument have to be true?

Back 8

No

Front 9

An argument is deductive...

Back 9

it is intended to be valid.

Front 10

Does a deductive argument have to be valid?

Back 10

No

Front 11

An argument is inductive...

Back 11

Intended to provide probable support for the conclusion.

Front 12

Can the conclusion of an inductive argument be true?

Back 12

Yes

Front 13

What is a statement?

Back 13

An utterance that is capable of being true or false.

Front 14

What is an argument?

Back 14

An attempt to support a claim with reasons.

Front 15

What is the difference between an explanation and an argument?

Back 15

An argument tries to show that something is true. An explanation shows "why".

Front 16

Can something be true for one person, but not true for the other person?

Back 16

No

Front 17

Can something be true of one person, and not for the other?

Back 17

Yes

Front 18

Logical Possibility

Back 18

Means that there is no contradiction in the statement.

Front 19

Contingent

Back 19

Not a necessary truth, but it also isn't false.

Front 20

Physical Possibility

Back 20

Doesn't violate the laws of nature.

Front 21

Describe something that is logically possible, but physically impossible...

Back 21

Pigs flying at the speed of light.

Front 22

Describe something that is logically impossible.

Back 22

A square circle

Front 23

Describe something physically possible, but not actual.

Back 23

Unicorns, Bigfoot, Loch Ness monster.

Front 24

p is the....

Back 24

antecedent

Front 25

q is the...

Back 25

consequent

Front 26

What are the names for the categorical forms?

Back 26

Universal affirmative, universal negative, particular affirmative, particular negative.

Front 27

Four parts of a categorical statement.

Back 27

subject, copula, quantifier, and predicate.

Front 28

Terms must be what for categorical statements?

Back 28

Nouns or noun phrases.

Front 29

The letters for categorical statements...

Back 29

All s are p, no s are p, some s are p, some are not p. A, E, I , O.

Front 30

What are valid argument forms?

Back 30

-Affirming the antecedent.

-Denying the consequent, Hypothetical syllogism. and disjunctive syllogism.