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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bronsted/Lowry Base
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proton acceptor
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Bronsted/Lowry Acid
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proton donor
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Equilibria
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changes from reactants to products and products to reactants, but no net change
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colligative properties
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Properties that depend only on the number (not the identity) of the solute particle.
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Heat of Solution
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enthalpy change associated with dissolving a solute in a solution
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Freezing Point Depression
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Kf=-(delta T)/ (m solute)
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Heat of Neutralization
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The enthalpy change associated with the neutralization of an acid-base reaction.
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Beer's Law
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A=abc
Where A = absorbance a=absorptivity b=pathlenght of light through sample c=concentration |
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Transmittance
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The ratio of the intensity of emerging light (Ii) to the intensity of incident light (Io)
Ii/Io |
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Absorbance
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Light taken in by a sample
A=-log (%transmittance/100) |
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Spectroscopy
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The study of light interaction with matter
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Redox Reaction
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the release and uptake of electrons
Reactants change oxidation states |
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Equivalence Point
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the number of moles of base have completely reacted with the number of moles of acid
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specific heat capacity
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The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance bye one degree celsius
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Calorimetry
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The study of heat flow into and out of a system
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First Law of Thermodynamics
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The energy of the universe is constant
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Method of initial Rates
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a method used to study chemical kinetics
is only concerned with initial rates (the average rate of a reaction over the first few seconds or at most few minutes) |
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Neutralization Reaction
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An acid base reaction
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Rate Law
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algebraic expression
Relates rates to concentrations Rate=k[A]m [B]n |
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Conjugate Acid
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The species formed after a proton is added to a base.
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Chemical kinetics
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determining and studying the rates of chemical reactions
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conjugate base
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The species formed after an acid loses a proton
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Rate of Reaction
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expressed in terms of a decrease in any one of the reactants or an increase in any one of the products
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end point
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when a titration has stopped
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hess's law
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energy change in a reaction is the same weither it occurs in one step or a series of step wise reactions
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titration
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an analytical technique
controlled addition of one reactant to another both reactants are consumed |
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q=mc delta T
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q=heat change (if positive=endothermic)
(if negative=exothermic) m=mass C=specific heat delta T=change in temperature |
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Molar Heat Capacity
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Specific Heat Capacity x Molar Mass
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Molality
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a gravametric unit (value is set by mass)
moles solute/kg solvent |
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%(w/w)
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a gravametric unit (value is set by mass)
(grams x/total mass) x 100 |
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Dulong and Petit's Law
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A metal will have a molar heat capacity of about 24.9 J/ (mol x degrees celsius)
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Molarity
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moles/liters
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