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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the central dogma of biology?
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DNA -> RNA -> protein
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What is HDAC?
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HDAC stands for histone deacetylase and is responsible for the deacetylation of histones.
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What is HAT?
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HAT stands for histone acetyltransferase and is responsible for acetylating histones.
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Regulation of chromatin structure
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is achieved through regulating the enzymatic activity of HDAC and HAT.
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Transcription Factors
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control gene expression by activating or inhibiting gene transcription.
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RNA processing
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consist of capping, splicing, polyadenylation, and RNA editing.
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Can splicing be regulated?
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Yes
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(True or False) Alternative splicing is a way to increase protein diversity.
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True
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Prader-Willi Syndrome
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results from a paternal deletion of chromosome 15 q11-q13.
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Angleman syndrome
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results from a maternal deletion of chromosome 15 q11-q13.
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DNA methylation commonly occurs in:
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GC rich regions of the promoter.
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(True or False) DNA methylation is a method of turning off gene expression.
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True.
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HDAC will inactivate or activate gene expression.
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Inactivate
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HAT will inactivate or activate gene expression.
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Activate
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What amino acid is specifically acetylated by HAT.
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Lysine
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The conversion of C to U in Apoprotein produces:
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Apo B48
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A message that is not properly spliced will be:
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degraded
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What are microRNAs?
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microRNA are small non-coding mRNAs that regulate gene expression.
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Transcriptional repressors often recruit which protein to the promoter region to help turn off gene expression:
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HDAC.
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Which enzyme is responsible for methylating DNA?
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methyltransferases
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What is an epigenetic trait?
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a heritable phenotype resulting from changes in a chromosome without alterations in the DNA sequence
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