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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is a balanced diet needed in order to work, both physically and mentally? |
To provide the essential nutrients needed by the body to perform tasks |
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How does more physical activity affect the energy required?
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The energy required increases
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How is energy released to the body?
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Through calories in food
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How do sports performers gain more energy?
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Eat more food
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What enables the body to function at its optimum level?
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The correct balance of exercise, diet, work and rest |
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What are the 7 food groups?
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Carbohydrates
Fats Protein Vitamins Minerals Water Fibre |
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What does a well-balanced diet provide?
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Energy
Nutrients |
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What is energy and nutrients needed for?
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Optimum growth and development
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What can a well-balanced diet prevent?
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Some health problems
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What 3 things so macro nutrients include?
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Carbohydrates
Fats Proteins |
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What are the 2 types of carbohydrates?
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Simple and complex
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What are simple carbohydrates?
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Sugar
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3 sources of simple carbohydrates
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Sweets
Jam Cakes |
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What are complex carbohydrates?
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Starch
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3 sources of complex carbohydrates
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Bread
Pasta Potatoes |
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What do carbohydrates provide the body with?
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Fast release energy
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How are carbohydrates stored?
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As glycogen
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Where are carbohydrates stored?
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Muscles and liver
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Why are carbohydrates stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver?
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Glycogen can be quickly converted into glucose and used as energy
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What does fat do?
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Act as an insulator (keeps the body warm)
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What does fat provide the body with?
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Slow release energy
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How is excess fat stored?
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As tissue
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What does excess fat cause?
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Health problems such as obesity
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3 sources of fats
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Butter
Cream Cheese |
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In comparison to carbohydrates, how much of the diet should fat take up?
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Much less
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What does protein used for in our bodies?
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Building muscles and repairing damaged tissue
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3 sources of animal protein
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Meat
Poultry Fish |
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3 sources of dairy protein
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Milk
Cheese Eggs |
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What type of nutrients are vitamins and minerals?
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Micronutrients
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How much of the dietary intake do vitamins and minerals take up?
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A small amount
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Why are vitamins needed in the body?
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To keep the body healthy
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Why is vitamin A needed in the body?
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For good vision
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3 sources of vitamin A
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Vegetables
Liver Carrots |
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Why is vitamin B needed in the body?
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To release carbohydrates
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2 sources of vitamin B
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Nuts
Meat |
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Why is vitamin C needed in the body?
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For fighting infections
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2 sources of vitamin C
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Fruit
Vegetables |
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Why is vitamin D needed in the body?
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Strong bones
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2 sources of vitamin D
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Milk
Fish |
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Why is vitamin E needed in the body?
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For good skin and red blood cell formation
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A source of vitamin E
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Vegetable oil
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Why are minerals needed in the body?
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For the formation and maintenance of the body
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Why is calcium needed in the body?
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Formation and maintenance of bones and teeth
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A source of calcium
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Milk
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Why is iron needed in the body?
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Formation of red blood cells, which carry oxygen
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A source of iron
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Meat
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Why is water needed in the body?
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Transportation and body temperature control
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How much of the body’s weight does water take up?
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About half
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How is water lost?
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Urinating
Sweating Breathing |
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Why is fibre needed in the body?
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For the digestive system
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A source of fibre
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Wholegrain break or cereal
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How long should you wait to exercise after eating?
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2 hours
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What happens when your body is digesting food?
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A large percentage of blood circulating the body is directed to the liver and kidneys so food can be digested
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What happens when your body is exercising?
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Blood is redistributed so that a greater percentage of it flows to the skeletal muscles
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What happens if you eat less than 2 hours prior to exercise?
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Food will be digested during exercise
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What happens is food is digested during exercise?
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Blood continues to redistribute to the skeletal muscles, leaving a lack of blood for the digestive system
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What happens when the digestive system has a lack of blood flow?
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Stomach cramps
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What is the redistribution of blood flow known as?
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Blood shunting
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What type of athlete would carbo-load?
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Endurance athlete (marathon runner)
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What is carbo-loading designed to do?
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Make maximum use of athlete’s energy resources
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What nutrient is essential for bone strength?
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Protein
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What nutrient provides energy for aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
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Carbohydrates
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If an individual had high levels of LDL (‘bad’ cholesterol), what should they avoid to improve their health?
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Foods high in saturated fats
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