Gcse Ict Unit 1 Section 1 Data

Front 1

Data

Back 1

Raw facts and figures with no meaning. It might be collected from sensors or surveys.

Front 2

Information

Back 2

Data that has been processed by the computer.

Front 3

Processing

Back 3

This is when data is turned into information by giving it a meaning, or arranging it using a computer.

Front 4

Knowledge

Back 4

This is obtained by applying rules to the information.

Front 5

Bias

Back 5

Having a preference towards a particular result.

Front 6

GIGO (Garbage in, garbage out)

Back 6

If you put rubbish into the computer, then you get rubbish out.

Front 7

Data Validation

Back 7

An automatic computer check to ensure that the data entered is sensible and reasonable.

Front 8

Transcriptionerrors

Back 8

Errors that occur when transferring data from a form or mishearing what a person says.

Front 9

Transpositionerrors

Back 9

Made when typing quickly and involves typing letters or numbers in the wrong order.

(See meaning of 'Check digit')

Front 10

Presencechecks

Back 10

If this data is missing, then an error message will appear. For example, if you're ordering a pair of shoes online, then it is essential that you fill in the size.

Front 11

Range Checks

Back 11

Numerical data is checked to see if the value lies within an acceptable range. For example, a school database only accepting Year 7-11.

Front 12

Format Checks

Back 12

Some data has to be laid out in an agreed way. This check ensures that data conforms to the rules for that data item. For example, a postcode (FY8 4DG). Getting it in the wrong order would cause an error.

Front 13

Check digit

Back 13

It is easy to type the digits in the wrong order. This is known as a TRANSPOSITION ERROR.

Check digit carries out a calculation on the last digits to create an extra digit that is then placed onto the end of the number. When the number is entered, the computer checks the calculation to see if the check digit matches.