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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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CHINA-ONE CHILD POLICY |
REVISE FIRST AND THEN TEST YOURSELF |
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What benefits do couples with one children have? |
-longer maternity leave -better housing -free education |
Think about social benefits. |
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How are couples with two children penalized? |
-10% salary cut -no maternity leave for second child |
If you're stuck in the exam just say the opposite of the benefits. Also children born abroad are not penalized but they cant become citizens. |
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What are the 2002 policy changes? |
-rural areas allow second child if the first is a girl or has a physical disability because boys are needed to work on farms -allowed a second child if one of the parents have a disability -ethnic minorities allowed two children to maintain cultural balance |
Think about why it is necessary to have to have two children, especially in areas that arent urbanised. |
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How efficient was the policy? |
-very -it prevented up to 400 million births -population growth rate in 2000 was 0.9% it is now 0.42% -total fertility rate in 1970 was 5.3% and in 2011 it decreased to 1.6% |
Remember to try and use figures. |
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List two economic problems of the policy. |
-decline in labour force which means less money going to the government and less to develop the country -number of 60+ people is rising so more money is being spent on them |
Economic means jobs and money. |
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List three social impacts from the policy. |
-there is a gender imbalance because people commit female infanticide(killing female babies or leaving them on mountains), 60million more young men than women -"little emperor syndrome" where only children are spoilt are unable to do anything for themselves |
Social as in directly associated with people. |
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List two political impacts of the policy. |
-human rights are lost because of forced abortions -increased crime from the gender imbalance |
Think about crime and abortions. |
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KERALA-EDUCATION POLICY |
YOU WILL NEED TO COMPARE THIS CASE STUDY OR ANOTHER WITH THE CHINA POLICY. |
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What was the policies task? |
-to change the population without the use of coercion -focuses on social change though health and education -to keep human rights intact |
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What are the policies strategies? |
-encouraging women to marry at a later age -vaccination programmes for children, lower IMR and then BR -maternity leave for first two children only -Right to Literacy programme -extra retirement benefits for those with small families |
These are mostly social. |
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How effective was this policy? |
-people were educated so they understood the benefits of smaller families -in 2011 the literacy rate for women was 91% in kerala and 65.5% in the rest of India -the fertility rate was 1.8 in kerala and 3.1 in the rest of India |
Remember to use figures. |
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UK-AGEING POPULATION |
THIS ONE IS EASY BUT YOU NEED TO REMEMBER DATA LIKE FIGURES AND NUMBERS |
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Why is there an ageing population in the UK? |
-people living longer because of advances in medicine and improved standard of living -between 1980 and 2006 life expectancty rose 2.6 for women and 6.4 for men -baby boom in 1940s and 1960s now creating pensioner boom |
Use figures. |
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List three benefits of an ageing population. |
-more jobs created to help elderly -grandparents can look after grandchildren to allow parents to work -acquired knowledge, wisdom and life skills can be passed onto the younger generation |
How are your grandparents useful? Apply some of that knowledge |
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List four challenges of an ageing population in the UK. |
-more elderly people living in povery, working population not large enough for decent pension -governemnt struggle to pay state pension -health service under pressure, in 2005 the average stay in hospital for over 75s was 13 nights and the rest of the UK was 8 nights -people may have fewer children because they cant afford to have children as they spend money on looking after their elderly dependant relatives. |
Think about how money is spent to look after the elderly. |
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What are some strategies to overcome these challenges? |
-raise retirement age- currently its 60 for women and 65 for men, by 2046 it will be 68 for everyone -encourage immigration, in 2004 80% of people who migrated were 34 or under -encourage women to have childen, offer incentives -encourage people to take out private pensions, removes dependancy on state pensions |
No hints for this, just learn it. |
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