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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a nucleus?
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The middle of the atom is the nucleus.
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What does the nucleus contain?
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Protons and neutrons.
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What is the charge of protons?
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Positive
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What is the charge of neutrons?
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Neutral (nothing)
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What charge does a electron have?
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Negative
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Atoms are neutral so...
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They have the same amount of protons and electrons.
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If an atom becomes charged by gaining or losing electrons what is it called?
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An ion
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What are columns in the periodic table called?
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Groups
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What do groups have in common?
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They react in similar ways.
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How many electrons are in the first shell?
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2
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What is the maximum number of electrons in the 2nd + shell?
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8
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What is the formula for sulfuric acid?
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H2SO4. Remember the rhyme. Little Timmy took a drink, but he will drink no more. For what he thought was H2O was H2SO4.
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What is the Limestone cycle?
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CaCO3-heated-CaO-water added-Ca(OH)2-carbonated-CaCO3
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What is a metal ore?
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A rock that contains metal, and it is economically viable to extract the metal from it.
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What element is used to extract metal using reduction?
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Carbon
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What are the two methods of extraction?
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Reduction with carbon and electrolysis.
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How is copper purified?
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By electrolysis.
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Why are alloys sometimes better than pure metals?
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They are stronger as the different sized atoms can fill spaces to leave less spaces, thus making it stronger.
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Crude oil is a mixture of...
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hydrocarbons.
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Hydrocarbons are made up of what elements?
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Hydrogen (hydro) and carbon (carbon)
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Name the first 4 alkanes.
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1) Methane
2) Ethane 3) Propane 4) Butane |
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What is the difference between alkanes and alkenes?
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Alkenes contain at least 1 carbon carbon double bound (C=C).
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What is cracking?
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When you split a long chain hydrocarbon into a shorter alkane and a alkene.
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What is reacted with ethene to produce ethanol?
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Steam.
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What can alkenes be used to make?
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Polymers.
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What can emulsions be made from?
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Oil and Water.
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What was Wegener's theory?
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Continental Drift
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Name the parts of the earth. (Center outwards)
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Core mantle crust
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What is the composition of the Earths atmosphere?
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Nitrogen-78% Oxygen-21% Argon-0.9% Carbon Dioxide-0.037%
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