Gastrointestinal Maladies

Front 1

achalasia

Back 1

an impairment of normal esophageal peristalsis

Front 2

anorexia nervosa

Back 2

a mental condition characterized by an individual's refusal to eat enough to maintain a minimal body weight

Front 3

appendicitis

Back 3

inflammation of the vermiform appendix

Front 4

atresia

Back 4

absence or closure of a normal body orifice or tubular organ

Front 5

bezoar

Back 5

tightly packed, partially digested agglomerations of hair or vegetable matter

Front 6

botulism

Back 6

a type of food poisoning which is caused by the production of the bacteria Clostridium botulinum in improperly canned foods

Front 7

cheiloschisis

Back 7

cleft lip or harelip

Front 8

cholecystitis

Back 8

inflammation of the gallbladder

Front 9

cholelithiasis

Back 9

presence or formation of gallstones

Front 10

cirrhoisis

Back 10

a group of liver diseases in which the normal hepatic structure is destroyed over time by nodules

Front 11

colitis

Back 11

inflammation of the colon

Front 12

dehydration

Back 12

a condition which results from an excessive loss of body water

Front 13

dental caries

Back 13

tooth decay

Front 14

diarrhea

Back 14

abnormal frequency and liquidity of fecal discharges

Front 15

diverticulum

Back 15

an abnormal bulge, pocket or pouch formed from a hollow or tubular structure

Front 16

Zenker's diverticulum

Back 16

diverticulum occuring just below the pharynx-most common place

Front 17

dysentery

Back 17

any variety of disorders marked by inflammation of the intestines, especially the colon

Front 18

dyspepsia

Back 18

impairment to the power or function of digestion

Front 19

enteritis

Back 19

inflammation of the intestine

Front 20

enterocolitis

Back 20

inflammation of the intestine and the colon

Front 21

cholera

Back 21

a formof enteritis which is spread by food and water contaminated with feces

Front 22

esophagitis

Back 22

inflammation of the esophagus

Front 23

fecalith

Back 23

an intestinal concretion formed around a center of fecal matter

Front 24

fistula

Back 24

an abnormal passage or communication between two organs or from an internal organ to the surface of the body

Front 25

gastritis

Back 25

inflammation of the stomach

Front 26

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Back 26

the reflux of the stomach contents into the esophagus

Front 27

halitosis

Back 27

offensive breath

Front 28

hepatitis

Back 28

inflammation of the liver

Front 29

hernia

Back 29

the protrusion of a loop or knuckle of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening

Front 30

hiatal hernia

Back 30

the protrusion of the stomach above the diaphram

Front 31

inguinal hernia

Back 31

a hernia into the inguinal canal

Front 32

umbilical hernia

Back 32

protrusion of part of the intestine through the umbilicus

Front 33

Hirschsprung disease

Back 33

congenital megacolon, or a dilatation and hypertrophy of the colon due to the sustained contraction of the muscles of the rectosigmoid

Front 34

ileus

Back 34

the temporary cessation of intestinal peristalsis which often leads to obstruction

Front 35

adynamic ileus

Back 35

a suspension of peristalsis because of paralysis or atony

Front 36

inflammatory bowel syndrome

Back 36

used to describe a variety of bowel disorders which are inflammatory in nature, whose etiology cannot be directly determined

Front 37

Crohn disease

Back 37

can affect any part of the GI tract; especially the ileocecal area; frequently leads to obstruction and fistula and abscess formation

Front 38

ulcerative colitis

Back 38

chronic, nonspecific, inflammatory, and ulcerative disease which arises in the colonic mucosa, and usually involves the recutm-bloody diarrhea

Front 39

intussusception

Back 39

when a segment of bowel advances and protrudes into the segment distal to it

Front 40

irritable bowel syndrome

Back 40

intermittent or constant abdominal stress and bowel dysfunction which has no demonstrable cause

Front 41

jaundice

Back 41

a syndrome characterized by the bile pigment in the skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae with a resulting yellow appearance

Front 42

leukoplatkia

Back 42

a white patch on a mucous membrane that will not rub off

Front 43

malabsorption

Back 43

impaired intestinal absorption of nutrients

Front 44

mumps

Back 44

an acute, highly contagious viral disease which causes painful enlargement of the salivary glands

Front 45

obstruction

Back 45

the state or condition of being clogged or blocked

Front 46

pancreatitis

Back 46

inflammation of the pancreas

Front 47

parasites

Back 47

a plant or animal which lives upon or within another living organism at whose expense it obtains an advantage

Front 48

Giardia

Back 48

an intestinal protozoa which has large, sucking disc which adheres to the microvilli of the intestinal walls

Front 49

giardiasis

Back 49

refers to the infection which occurs with the presence of the Giardia parasite

Front 50

peptic ulcer disease

Back 50

inflammation and ulceration in the duodenum and stomach caused by gastric acid juice

Front 51

peritonitis

Back 51

inflammation of the peritoneum

Front 52

pharyntitis

Back 52

inflammation of the pharynx

Front 53

polyp

Back 53

any mass of tissue that arises from the bowel wall and protrudes into the lumen

Front 54

sessile

Back 54

attached to the base

Front 55

pedunculated

Back 55

attached by a stem-like structure or stalk

Front 56

prolapse

Back 56

the falling down or sinking of a part

Front 57

pruritus ani

Back 57

intense, chronic itching in the anal region

Front 58

Schatzki ring

Back 58

a 2-4 mm mucosal structure, probably congenital in nature, which causes a ring-like narrowing of the lower esophagus

Front 59

ulcers

Back 59

a defect or excavation of the surface of an organ or tissue

Front 60

volvulus

Back 60

intestinal obstruction which is due to knotting or twisting of the bowel