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15 Cards in this Set

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  • Back

What is Henry's law?

The concentration of gas in solution is proportional to the partial pressure and solubility of the gas.



Concentration of gas in liquid = K x partial pressure



K = Henry's law constant, determined experimentally

What is Fick's law?

The amount of gas transported across a membrane (Vgas) is given by:

V
gas = D.(A/T).(P1-P2)



D = diffusion coefficient


A = surface area


T = thickness


P1-P2 = Partial pressure difference across membrane

Describe the structure of an erythrocyte

4 subunits, haem group + polypeptide chain

What is the shape of a HbO2 disassociation curve?

Sigmoidal

What is the effect on the saturation of RBCs with oxygen if CO2 pp is increased?

It decreases

If the pH is decreased?

It decreases

If the temperature is decreased?

It increases

If the concentration of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate increases

It decreases

When does the concentration of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate increase?

Pregnancy

What happens to CO2 in RBCs?

CO2 reacts with water to form HCO3- and H+ ions


Some binds to Hb

What would happen if HCO3- and H+ were allowed to accumulate in RBCs?

The reaction of CO2 and water would come to equilibrium and slow down. CO2 would accumulate in its dissolved form and increase pCO2. The ability for the blood to transport CO2 would be hindered.

What is the chloride shift?

The removal of HCO3- coupled with the uptake of Cl- ions to prevent accumulation of HCO3-.

What happens to the excess H+ ions?

They are buffered by binding to Hb

What is asthma?

Bronchoconstriction caused by triggers such as allergies or exercise. Can be allergic or non-allergic.

What causes bronchoconstriction?

Overproduction of IgE antibodies, IgEs bind to receptors stimulating the release of chemicals from airway mast cell (histamine and leakotrienes etc) which induce Ca2+ release from intracellular stores causing smooth muscle contraction.