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Potentiaali

Ilmaisee virtapiirin pisteiden jännitteet sovittuun nollapotentiaaliin nähden. Tunnus on V ja yksikkö voltti (V)

Maadoituspiste

Potentiaalitarkastelussa jokin virtapiirin piste valitaan maadoituspisteeksi eli piste maadoitetaan. Tämän pisteen potentiaali on V = 0 V. Muiden pisteiden potentiaalia verrataan tähän pisteeseen.

Potentiaalin mittaus

Virtapiirin minkä tahansa pisteen potentiaali voidaan mitata jännitemittarilla, kun mittarin miinusnapa kytketään maadoituskohtaan ja miinusnapa tutkittavaan pisteeseen. Tällöin kahden pisteen välinen jännite ilmaistaan pisteiden potentiaalieron avulla.

Potentiaaliero lasku

UBA = V B - V A

Mistä potentiaalin pieneneminen lampuissa, vastuksissa ja johtimissa johtuu?

Laitteiden jännitehäviöistä, jotka puolestaan aiheutuvat komponenteissa olevasta resistanssista.

Kirchoffin II laki