Fungi

Front 1

mycology is the study of what????

Back 1

fungi

Front 2

the __________ grow as long ,tangled strands of cells that give rise to visible colonies.

Back 2

molds

Front 3

fungi lack chlorophyll,while plants have this pigment;the cellwalls of fungal cells contain a carbohydrate called ______________,not found in plant cells walls; though generally filamentous fungi are not truly multicellular like plants,because there_______of one fungle cell mingles through _______with the cytoplasm of adjacent cells.

Back 3

chitin,cytoplasm,pores

Front 4

And fungi are _________eukaryotes,while plants are ____________eukaryotes.

Back 4

heterotrophic,autotrophic

Front 5

In fungi there are over _______identifiable species

Back 5

80,000

Front 6

another group________,are uncellular organisms whose colonies resemble bacterial colonies.

Back 6

yeasts

Front 7

with the noteable exception of __________,fungi consist of masses of intertwined filaments of cells called __________.

Back 7

yeasts,Hyphae

Front 8

Each cell of a single hyphae is a eukaryote .with ________nuclei,as well as other ___________

Back 8

1 or more,organelles.

Front 9

the cell wall is composed of small amounts of cellulose and large amounts of __________(a polmer of acetylglucosamine units (amino and acetyl groups)).______alsois in the exoskeleton of arthropods.

Back 9

chitin

Front 10

organisms that feed on dead matter are called______________

Back 10

saprobic

Front 11

fungi are described as ________organisms,that is they consume freformed organic matter.

Back 11

heterotrophic

Front 12

in many species of fungi, individual cells are separated by cross-walls or __________.Such fungi are described as ________.

Back 12

septa,septate

Front 13

the _________have pores however and allow cytoplasm to mix.

Back 13

septa

Front 14

_________is the term for no crosswalls

Back 14

asepta

Front 15

a thick branch of hyhae is called ______

Back 15

mycelium

Front 16

the common bread mold is rhizopus stolonifer is _____________

Back 16

coenocytic

Front 17

the blue green mold that produces penecillin,penicillium cotatum is ________

Back 17

septate

Front 18

many fungi libe in a mutually beneficial relationship with other species that is called __________.

Back 18

mutualism

Front 19

most fungi grow best at about ________, a temperature close to normal room temp.

Back 19

25*C

Front 20

pathogenic fungi thrive at _______degrees C which is body temp

Back 20

37

Front 21

Some fungi have differennt forms at different temps (Yeastlike at 37C and moldlike at 25C)these fungi are called __________.

Back 21

biphasic dimorphic

Front 22

Normally a high doncentration of sugar is conducive to growth, and laboratory media for fungi ususually contain extra _________ in addition to an _________environment.An example is ______________.

Back 22

glucose,acidic,sabourand dextrose agar

Front 23

reproduction of fungi may take place by asexual processes as well as by a seual process.the principal structure of asexual reproductuion is the____________.

Back 23

fruiting body

Front 24

IN the asexual process Hyphae usually contain thousands of ___________.all resulting from _________divisions of a single cell and all genetically identical.

Back 24

spores,miotic

Front 25

Certain asexual spores develope in a sac called a _____________.and the spores are called _______

Back 25

sporangium,sporangiospores

Front 26

Other spores deveope on the supporting structure called conidiophores .these spores are known as _________>

Back 26

conidiaspores,conidia

Front 27

Some spores may form by fragmentation or the hyphae.This process yeilds ________.the fungi that cuses athletes foot multiply in this manner.

Back 27

arthrospores

Front 28

Another asexual process is called ___________.This is where the cell becomes swollen at one edge and a new cell called a________________,or ____,developes from the parent cell and breaks away free to live independently.

Back 28

budding,blastospore,bud

Front 29

Yeasts multiply by __________(_________).

Back 29

budding ,blastospores

Front 30

_____________are thick walled spores formed along the margin of the hypha,while ________develope at the tip of the hypha.

Back 30

chlamydospores,oidia

Front 31

many fungi also produce spores by a sexual process.In this process ,the cells of opposite mating types of fungi come together and fuse ,the mixing of chromosomes teporarily forms adouble set of chromosimes this is known as _______,eventually the chrom.number is halved,and the cell returns to single chrome. this is _____________.

Back 31

diploid,haploid

Front 32

in classification another name for division is _____

Back 32

phyla

Front 33

most fungi classified by ___________

Back 33

their sexual reproduction

Front 34

division I eumycota Means__________

Back 34

true mold

Front 35

the first division (_______)of fungi is ____________,a group of ___________that inhabit terrestrial environments.these have coenocytic hyphae,with septa where the reproductive cells are formed.sexual opposite hyphae fuse and a highly resistant_______ forms at the site.

Back 35

phylum,,Zygomycota,zygomycetes ,zygosporangium

Front 36

a well known member of the zygomycota is ______________rhizopus stolonifer.

Back 36

commen bread mold

Front 37

the bread mold has both __________and __________reproduction

Back 37

asexual,sexual

Front 38

all ascomycetes form in the ascocarp.a reprodutive structure called an ascus.an ascus is a ________in which upto 8haploid ascosporesform.

Back 38

sac

Front 39

Most af the ascomycetes also reproduce asexuallyby means of ______________produced in chains at the end of a conidiophore

Back 39

condia

Front 40

certain members of the ascomycetes are extremely beneficial.One example is the yeast _______________used in brewing and baking .

Back 40

saccharomyces

Front 41

____________which produces such products such as citric acid,soy sauce,and vinegar .

Back 41

aspergillus

Front 42

_________________,various species which produce the antibiotic,penecillinas wellas as roquefort.Morals are in this group

Back 42

Penicillium

Front 43

ascomycetes are also partners with _________.

Back 43

lichens

Front 44

many in the ascomycetes group are __________like the dutch elm disease.

Back 44

harmful

Front 45

_____________,are club fungi.These include the mushroom,plus smut fungi and rust fungi.

Back 45

basiodiomycetes

Front 46

certain fungi lack a known sexal cycle of reproduction and consequently are labeled with the term imperfect.these are in their own division called________.

Back 46

deuteromycetes

Front 47

the word _________refers to a large variety of unicellular fungi >

Back 47

yeasts

Front 48

Included in this group are non sporeforming yeasts of ___________,as well as sporforming .

Back 48

deuteromycota

Front 49

___________means sugar fungus ,this organism ferments sugars.

Back 49

saccaromyces

Front 50

the most commonly used species of Saccharomyces are ________and _________used for bread and alcohol making

Back 50

Saccaromyces cervisiae, Saccharomyces ellipsoideus

Front 51

the cytoplasm of Saccharomyces is rich in _________,

Back 51

vitamen B

Front 52

Saccharomyces are about _____long and ______wide.and they reproduce by budding but a sex cycle exists and in which an ascus is formed soclassified as an____________>

Back 52

ascomycetes

Front 53

saccharomycetes ___________is found in orchards.

Back 53

ellipsoideus