Fundamentals Of Human Neuropsychology, Kolb Ch 11 Cerebral Assymetry

Front 1

How does the motor cortex connect to the body?

Back 1

Motor Cortex -> corticospinal tract -> crosses the medulla
(right side brain controls left side of body)

Front 2

Global and local perceptual processing

Back 2

• Left side of brain = details
• Right side of brain = global aspect (big picture)

Front 3

Which side of the brain pays attention to both sides of vision?

Back 3

Right side

Front 4

What is prosopagnosia? Which side of the brain is damaged?

Back 4

* Prosopagnosia (cannot recognize faces) more common w/
* damage to right side à process face as a whole

Front 5

Left hemisphere damage effects on language:

Back 5

* speech fluency (Broca's aphasia)
* Speech comprehension (Wernicke's area)

Front 6

Right hemisphere damage effects on language:

Back 6

* not getting jokes/sarcasm
* Organizing a narrative
* getting a big picture

Front 7

What is Hippocampus for? What happens if it's damaged?

Back 7

* Hippocampus: fundamental for creating new memories
* (damage = anterograde amnesia)

Front 8

What does the left hippocampus do?

Back 8

* Left hippocampus – encodes language memories (helps create new linguistic memories)

Front 9

What does the right hippocampus do?

Back 9

* Right hippocampus – creates visual memories

Front 10

What is a seizure?

Back 10

Seizure: uncontrolled pattern of brain activity

Front 11

One way of stopping seizure?

Back 11

* Temporal lobectomy: remove part of temporal lobe generating seizure

Front 12

What does callosotomy do? Which part of corpus callosum is better to be cut?

Back 12

Callosotomy:
* prevent spread of seizure to other side of brain, results in fewer seizures and medication begins to work
* Results in split brain patients
* Effective to cut front part b/c it crosses motor info (seizures =
motor symptoms usually)

Front 13

What is agenesis?

Back 13

Possibility to be born without corpus callosum

Front 14

What are causes of agenesis?

Back 14

* Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can result in this (fetal alcohol syndrome)

Front 15

What are characteristics of agenesis?

Back 15

* Uncommon
* Can have attention impairments (ADD, OCD), etc
* Not the same symptoms as an adult with a callosotomy,
cannot use them to study hemispheric differences

Front 16

What is Tachistoscopic presentation?

Back 16

• Split brain patient looks at screen and info is presented extremely fast, each side of brain knows something the other does not

Front 17

How would a split patient respond to Tachistoscopic presentation with
Ring on the right side of space
and
key on the left side of space?

Back 17

• Isolating pieces of info to one side of the brain
• Left side = language (ask someone to speak or to use right hand)
• Right side = controls left side of body
• Patient asked what he sees – says ring (left hem), but grabs the
key with his left hand (right hem)

Front 18

What is Corsi block test? What's the result when it's done on a split brain person?

Back 18

* asked to match a pattern with blocks.
* Patient performs perfect w/ left hand and struggles w/ right

Front 19

alexia without agraphia, which are of brain is damaged?

Back 19

* Damage to posterior corpus callosum (BOS that is in right hem cannot go to left) -> can impair reading

Front 20

Alexia is inability to ___?

Back 20

read

Front 21

Agraphia is inability to ___?

Back 21

communicate through writing

Front 22

What is apraxia?

Back 22

Apraxia is the inability to execute learned purposeful movements, despite having the desire and the physical capacity to perform the movements. Apraxia is an acquired disorder of motor planning.

Front 23

What is aphasia?

Back 23

aphasia, an inability to produce and/or comprehend language

Front 24

What is an ideomotor movement?

Back 24

The ideomotor effect is a psychological phenomenon wherein a subject makes motions unconsciously; for example, the body produces tears in response to powerful emotions, without the person consciously deciding to cry.

Front 25

Ideomotor apraxia

Back 25

* inability to imitate hand gestures or pantomime tool use with either hand
* Difficulty using tools w/ either hand
* Linked to tests of praxis (skilled tool use)

Front 26

Which are is damaged in Ideomotor apraxia?

Back 26

Left parietal love

Front 27

Left hand ideomotor apraxia

Back 27

* difficulty using tools w/ left hand
• Can use tools w/ right hand but not their left
controls left hand

Front 28

How does the information travel from left parietal lobe to left/right hand?
What does this say about patients with corpus callosum cut?

Back 28

Right hand : Left parietal lobe -> left motor cortex -> controls right hand
Left hand : left parietal lobe -> right motor cortex (must cross) -> left hand
o If corpus callosum is cut cannot use tools w/ left hand but can

Front 29

Which hand does left parietal lobe damage effect?

Back 29

* Damage to left parietal lobe = problems w/ both hands

Front 30

What is anarchic hand syndrome?

Back 30

* Anarchic: know left hand is rogue and doing bad things

Front 31

What is alien hand syndrome?

Back 31

* Alien: do not recognize this as part of your body (ex. Pulling out
own hair w/ left hand and not realizing it)

Front 32

Which hemisphere is more moral and which is bad?

Back 32

Left hem =good, moral. Right hem = immoral, inappropriate.