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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hardware |
The physical parts of the computer, both internal and external. |
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Software |
Any program that can be run on a computer. |
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Application Software |
Programs that perform specific tasks that would need doing even if computers didn't exist, e.g. editing text, carrying out calculations. |
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Utility Programs |
Programs that perform specific common tasks related to running the computer, e.g. zipping files. |
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Library Programs |
Code, data and resources that can be called by other programs. |
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Translators |
Software that converts programming language instructions into machine code. There are 3 types: Compilers, Assemblers and Interpreters. |
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Compiler |
A program that translates a high - level language into machine code by translating all of the code. |
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Assembler |
A program that translates a program written in assembly language into machine code. |
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Interpreter |
A program for translating a high - level language by reading each statement in the source code and immediately performing the action. |
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Operating System Software |
A suite of programs designed to control the operations of the computer. |
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Virtual Machine |
The concept that all of the complexities of using a computer are hidden from the user and other software by the operating system. |
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Resource Management |
How an operating system manages hardware and software to optimise the performance of the computer. |
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Processor |
A device that carries out computation on data by following instructions, in order to produce an output. |
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Scheduling |
A technique to ensure that different users or different programs are able to work on the same computer system at the same time. |
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Memory Management |
How the operating system uses RAM to optimise the performance of the computer. |
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File Management |
How an operating system stores and retrieves files. |
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Machine Code |
The lowest level of code made up of 0's and 1's. |
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Assembly Language |
A way of programming that involves writing mnemonics. |
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Mnemonics |
Short codes that are used as instructions when programming, e.g. LDR, ADD. |
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Source Code |
Programming code that has not yet been complied into an executable file. |
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Object Code |
Compiled code that can be run as an executable on any computer. |
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Low - level Language |
Machine code and assembly language. |
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High - level Language |
A programming language that allows programs to be written using English keywords and that is platform independent. |
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Platform Independent |
The same program works on any operating system without needing any modification. |
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Imperative Language |
A language based on giving the computer commands or procedures to follow. |
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Object - oriented language |
A programming paradigm that encapsulates instructions and data together into objects. |
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Programming Paradigm |
A fundamental style of computer programming. |
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Declarative Languages |
Languages that declare or specify what properties a result should have, e.g. results will be based on functions. |
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Functional Language |
A programming paradigm that uses mathematical functions. |
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Bytecode |
An instruction set used for programming that can be executed on any computer using a virtual machine. |
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Boolean Expression |
An equation made up of Boolean operations |
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Truth Table |
A method of representing combinations of inputs in a Boolean expression |
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De Morgan's Law |
A process for simplifying Boolean expressions. |
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Half Adder |
A circuit that performs addition using inputs from A and B only. |
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Full Adder |
A circuit that performs addition using inputs from A and B plus a carry bit. |
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Carry Bit |
Used to store a 0 or 1 depending on the result of binary addition |
