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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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list at least 4 signs and symptoms that accompany subnormal body temperature
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- shivering
- pale, cool, puffy skin - impaired muscles - slow pulse and respirations - irregular heart rhythm - loss of coherence - no longer feel pain |
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Identify 3 characteristics noted when assessing a client's pulse
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tachycardia
bradycardia arrhythmia dysrhythmia volume |
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name the most commonly used site for pulse assessment and three other assessment techniques that may be used
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apical - most used
apical-radial radial tibialis dorsalis brachial carotid temporal |
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explain the difference between systolic and diastolic
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systolic - when heart contracts
diastolic - when heart relaxes |
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name/explain at least 4 terms used to describe abnormal breathing characteristics
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hyperventilation
hypoventilation dyspnea orthopnea - sit/stand apnea - no breathing stertorous - noisy |
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discuss the physiologic data that can be inferred from a blood pressure assessment
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hypertension
hypotension postural/orthostatic hypotension |
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name 3 pieces of equipment for assessing blood pressure
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sphygmomanometer
inflatable cuff stethoscope |
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describe the 5 phases of korotkoff sounds
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1 - may dissappear briefly before coming back
2 - change from tapping to swishing 3 - crisp loud knocking 4 - muffled blowing noise (1st diastolic) 5 - last sound (2nd diastolic) |
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ID 3 alternative techniques for assessing BP
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pulpating the bp
doppler stethoscope auto bp monitoring thigh bp - same as arm |
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list 4 physiologic components measured during assessment of vital signs
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temperature
blood pressure heart rate respirations |
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differentiate between shell and core body temp
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shell = surface
core = internal |
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afebrile
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absence of a fever
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afterload
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force against which the heart pumps when ejecting blood
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antipyretics
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drugs that reduce fever
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apical heart rate
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number of ventrivular contractions per minute
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apical-radial rate
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number of sounds heard at the heart's apex and the rate of the radial pulse during the same period
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apnea
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absence of breathing
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arrhythmia
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irregular patterns of heart beats
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auscultatory gap
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period during which sound disappears then reappears when taking blood pressure
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bradypnea
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slow respiratory rate
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cardiac output
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volume of blood ejected from the left ventrivle per minute
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cerumen
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ear wax
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drawdown effect
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cooling of the ear when it comes in contact with a thermometer probe
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dyspnea
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difficult or labored breathing
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dysrhythmia
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irregular pattern of heartbeats
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febrile
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elevated body temperature
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frenulum
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structure that attaches underside of the tongue to the mouth
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hypothalamus
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temperature regulating structure in the brain
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korotkoff sounds
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from vibrations of blood in the arterial wall or changes in the blood flow
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metabolic rate
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use of calories for sustaining body functions
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offsets
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predictive mathematical conversions
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orthopnea
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breathing that is facilitated by sitting up or standing
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piloerection
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contraction of arrector pili muscles in skin follicles
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orthostatic hypotension
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sudden temp drop in BP when rising to stand
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postular hypotension
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sudden temp drop in BP when rising to stand
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preload
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volume of blood that fills the heart and stretches the heart muscle fibers during its resting place
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pulse deficit
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difference between apical and radial pulse rates
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pyrexia
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fever
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set point
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optimal body temperature
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shell temperature
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warmth at the skin surface. axillary temp
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speculum
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metal or plastic instrument for widening the vagina
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stertorous breathing
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noise ventilation
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stridor
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harsh, high pitched sound heard on inspiration when there is laryngeal obstruction.
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thermistor catheter
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heat sensing device at the tip of an internally placed tube
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thermogenesis
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heat production
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training effect
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heart rate and consequently pule rate become consistently lower than average with regular exercise
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white-coat hypertension
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BP is elevated when taken by a health care worker but is normal at other times
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speculum
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metal or plastic instrument for widening the vagina
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identify the two scales used to measure temperature
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fahrenheit and celcius
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stertorous breathing
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noise ventilation
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list 4 temperature assessment sites and indicate the site closest to core temperature
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the ear - closest to core
oral - .8-1 degree below rectal - .2 degrees below core axillary - 1 degree below oral - reflects shell |
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stridor
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harsh, high pitched sound heard on inspiration when there is laryngeal obstruction.
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name 4 types of clinical thermometers
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electronic
infrared (tympanic) glass chemical digital |
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thermistor catheter
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heat sensing device at the tip of an internally placed tube
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thermogenesis
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heat production
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training effect
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heart rate and consequently pule rate become consistently lower than average with regular exercise
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white-coat hypertension
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BP is elevated when taken by a health care worker but is normal at other times
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identify the two scales used to measure temperature
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fahrenheit and celcius
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list 4 temperature assessment sites and indicate the site closest to core temperature
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the ear - closest to core
oral - .8-1 degree below rectal - .2 degrees below core axillary - 1 degree below oral - reflects shell |
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name 4 types of clinical thermometers
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electronic
infrared (tympanic) glass chemical digital |
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discuss the difference between fever and hyperthermia
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fever - exceeds 99.3 degrees
hyperthermia - exceeds 105.8 degrees - high risk for braindamage or death |
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name the 4 phases of a fever
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prodromal phase
onset (invasion phase) stationary phase resolution (defervescence phase) |
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list at least 4 signs or symptoms that accompany a fever
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pink/red skin that's warm
reslessness or sleepiness irritability and poor appetite glassy/sensitive eyes and increased perspiration headache and high pulse/respiratory rate confusion and convulsions in infants fever blisters |
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give 2 reasons for using a tympanic thermometer when body temp is subnormal
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normal themometers can't measure in hypothermic stages
blood flow in mouth, rectum, and axilla is reduced = inaccurate |
