Fs Segment 1 Midterm

Front 1

Forensic science is the application of science to what field?

Back 1

Criminal justice

Front 2

Who is known as the father of toxicology?

Back 2

Mathieu Orfila

Front 3

Who showed the uniqueness of fingerprints and how they could be used for identification?

Back 3

Francis Galton

Front 4

Who figured out a way to determine the type of blood from a dried bloodstain?

Back 4

Leone Lattes

Front 5

Who stated that there is an exchange of materials when two objects come into contact with each other?

Back 5

Edmond Locard

Front 6

The oldest forensic laboratory in the US was built by whom?

Back 6

Los Angeles Police Department

Front 7

Which of the following tasks does a forensic scientist not have?
- Analyzing evidence
- Giving expert testimony
- Signing search warrants
- Training officers in how to collect evidence

Back 7

Signing search warrants

Front 8

What criteria might be used to establish someone as an expert witness?
- Education
- Experience
- Publications
- All of the above

Back 8

All of the above

Front 9

As an expert witness, a forensic scientist is ethically responsible for doing what?
- Telling the whole truth
- Giving information that will help the prosecution
- Making sure the suspect goes to jail
- All of the above

Back 9

Telling the whole truth

Front 10

What is a science that deals with disease?

Back 10

Pathology

Front 11

What condition in the body happens as the blood stops pumping through the body and settles in the parts of the body lowest to the ground?

Back 11

Liver mortis

Front 12

What is the gradual cooling of the body after death?

Back 12

Algor mortis

Front 13

What area specializes in the identification and examination of skeletal remains?

Back 13

Forensic anthropology

Front 14

Forensic entomologists study what to help solve crimes?

Back 14

Bugs/flies

Front 15

Forensic odontologists might be involved in which of the following circumstances?
- A femur bone is found in a field
- A victim has a bite on his arm
- A profile of a suspect is needed.
- Beetles are collected from a decomposed body

Back 15

A victim has a bite on his arm

Front 16

Forensic science has been decreasing in popularity as a profession over the last ten years.

True or false?

Back 16

False

Front 17

A forensic scientist is first and foremost a scientist.

True or false?

Back 17

True

Front 18

A Chinese book has the first written record of medical knowledge to solving crime in a description of how to distinguish between strangulation and drowning.

True or false?

Back 18

True

Front 19

Leone Lattes found a way of using a comparison microscope to improve this technique to better match bullets.

True or false?

Back 19

False

Front 20

There are currently about 320 crime laboratories in the United States.

True or false?

Back 20

True

Front 21

Giving expert testimony is a fairly easy part of the forensic scientist's job.

True or false?

Back 21

False

Front 22

Proper collection, recording, and testing are essential to forensic work.

True or false?

Back 22

True

Front 23

One of the tasks that a forensic odontologist might have is to determine the identity of the victim.

True or false?

Back 23

True

Front 24

Forensic anthropologists help identify the victims of disasters like fires, explosions, and plane crashes.

True or false?

Back 24

True

Front 25

Forensic psychiatrists and psychologists offer insight to investigators, attorneys, judges, and juries about a suspect's mental state and their understanding of the crime committed.

True or false?

Back 25

True

Front 26

Which of the following might be a piece of evidence?
- Weapons
- Blood
- Hair
- All of the above

Back 26

All of the above

Front 27

What is the first person that arrives at the crime scene known as?

Back 27

First responder

Front 28

Which of the following is not a way of recording a scene?
- Photography
- Videography
- Cell phone call
- Note taking

Back 28

Cell phone call

Front 29

What type of sketch is done at the scene of the crime before the evidence is collected?

Back 29

Rough sketch

Front 30

What is recorded in any sketches done of the crime scene?
- The colors in the scene
- The distances of all objects from two points
- The position of all law enforcement officials at the time
- All of the above

Back 30

The distances of all objects from two points

Front 31

What is the chain of custody?

Back 31

A list of all people who had possession of the evidence

Front 32

A sample taken from the crime scene is called what?
- A known sample
- A personal sample
- A questioned sample
- A comparison sample

Back 32

A questioned sample

Front 33

Molds might be used for what type of evidence?
- Fingerprints
- Blood samples
- Tire tracks
- Weapons

Back 33

Tire tracks

Front 34

Firearms should be stored in what type of package?
- Plastic bag
- Paper bag
- Cloth bag
- Any of the above is fine

Back 34

Paper bag

Front 35

Blood should not be stored in which way?
- As a scraping
- Dried on a swab
- In an airtight container
- Dried on the object

Back 35

In an airtight container

Front 36

Firearms are typically found in which way?
- By sight
- By hearing
- By smell
- By touch

Back 36

By sight

Front 37

Small evidence is also called what?

Back 37

Trace evidence

Front 38

Which amendment in the United States protects individuals from unreasonable search and seizure?

Back 38

Fourth Amendment

Front 39

Which of the following would be an exception for the Fourth Amendment?
- An individual gives permission for the search
- An officer thinks evidence is present
- A crime has occurred
- The evidence is hidden from sight

Back 39

An individual gives permission for the search

Front 40

Which of the following could not be shipped by mail to a crime lab?
- Hair samples
- Tire impression mold
- Explosive materials
- Blood samples

Back 40

Explosive materials

Front 41

Good scientific analysis can overcome poorly collected evidence.

True or false?

Back 41

False

Front 42

The photographs of the crime scene should all be close-ups of the evidence to show its detail.

True or false?

Back 42

False

Front 43

Virtually any object could be physical evidence under the right circumstances.

True or false?

Back 43

True

Front 44

Not all evidence is easily identified as evidence.

True or false?

Back 44

True

Front 45

The first duty of the first responder is to begin collecting evidence.

True or false?

Back 45

False

Front 46

Intermediate photographs should show the relation of evidence to other parts of the crime scene.

True or false?

Back 46

True

Front 47

The rough sketches will contain measurements to allow later drawings to be drawn to scale.

True or false?

Back 47

True

Front 48

All crime scene evidence has to be delivered in person to the crime lab.

True or false?

Back 48

False

Front 49

Each piece of evidence that is collected should be placed in a separate container.

True or false?

Back 49

True

Front 50

Evidence may be placed into containers like manila envelopes, plastic pill bottles, plastic bags, and carefully folded paper.

True or false?

Back 50

True

Front 51

What is evidence that is used to help recreate or illustrate a crime?

Back 51

Demonstrative

Front 52

What is the frequency of an event?
- Probability
- Degree
- Expected occurrence
- Identification

Back 52

Probability

Front 53

A ridge characteristic describes a property found where?

Back 53

Fingerprints

Front 54

Which of the following would be most likely to have individual characteristics?
- Tire tracks
- A crowbar
- Fiber from a shirt
- Fingerprints

Back 54

Fingerprints

Front 55

Class characteristics are those associated with what?

Back 55

A group

Front 56

What properties are those that describe what happens when a substance reacts with another substance?

Back 56

Chemical properties

Front 57

Radial fractures in a piece of glass look most like which of the following?
- Spokes of a wheel
- A circle
- A zig zag
- None of the above

Back 57

Spokes of a wheel

Front 58

For glass fragments to be individualized, what must be true?
- They must fit together
- They must have the same density
- They must look the same
- They must be the same color

Back 58

They must fit together

Front 59

Which fractures tend to occur first when a pane of glass is struck?

Back 59

Radial fractures

Front 60

What is the first step in recording an impression?

Back 60

Taking a photograph

Front 61

How long do casts of impressions need to sit before they can be analyzed?

Back 61

24 hours

Front 62

Which of the following might be an individual characteristic in an impression?
- A new shoe print
- A broken tread
- A print made by a blue shoe
- All of the above

Back 62

A broken tread

Front 63

When the drug heroin comes into contact with the Marquis reagent chemical what happens?

Back 63

It turns purple

Front 64

In order to be valid, a particular test has to be reliable (or reproducible), sensitive, and specific.

True or false?

Back 64

True

Front 65

Physical properties are those that an object or trace evidence has with just its physical existence, without altering it in any way with chemicals.

True or false?

Back 65

True

Front 66

Impressions are easy to find individual characteristics in.

True or false?

Back 66

True

Front 67

Many soils can be distinguished from other samples by their color and texture.

True or false?

Back 67

True

Front 68

A scale, like a ruler, should be included in photographs of impressions to help show the size of the impression.

True or false?

Back 68

True

Front 69

The chemical composition of glass varies widely from manufacturer to manufacturer.

True or false?

Back 69

False

Front 70

If soil is found on the bottom of a shoe, the soil is left on the shoe and the entire shoe is taken to the crime lab.

True or false?

Back 70

True

Front 71

Plaster of Paris is often used to create casts of impressions today

Back 71

False

Front 72

A hair's form and structure is known as what?

Back 72

Morphology

Front 73

How many full-length strands of hair are collected from the scalp to use as a sample?

Back 73

50

Front 74

To distinguish between human and animal hair, forensic scientists may look at what part of the hair?

Back 74

Medulla

Front 75

How much does hair grow on average in one month?

Back 75

One centimeter

Front 76

In the study that the FBI did on examining the physical characteristics of hair, what percentage of the "matches" were not really matches at all?

Back 76

10 percent

Front 77

What is the best source of nuclear DNA when working with hair samples?

Back 77

Follicular tissue

Front 78

What type of DNA is easiest to collect?

Back 78

Mitochondrial DNA

Front 79

The first system to classify blood types is known as which of the following?

Back 79

A-B-O system

Front 80

What test may be used to determine if a stain is blood or not?

Back 80

Kastle-Meyer Color Test

Front 81

What reagent may be sprayed at a crime scene to identify blood?

Back 81

Luminol

Front 82

When a blood drop lands on a surface at a 90-degree angle, what shape is the drop in typically?

Back 82

A circle

Front 83

What gives fingerprints their unique characteristics?

Back 83

Ridge characteristics

Front 84

What is the most common type of fingerprint?

Back 84

Loops

Front 85

What type of fingerprints are invisible to the naked eye?

Back 85

Latent fingerprints

Front 86

If a fingerprint is discovered on a dark surface, what color fingerprint powder might be used?

Back 86

Gray

Front 87

When hair samples are taken, they are generally cut off about half way to the root.

True or false?

Back 87

False

Front 88

The properties of hair do not change as we age.

True or false?

Back 88

False

Front 89

The morphology of a hair sample can tie the hair to a single person.

True or false?

Back 89

False

Front 90

DNA is not always available in a hair sample.

True or false?

Back 90

True

Front 91

Some vegetable material can turn the Kastle-Meyer Color Test pink as blood does.

True or false?

Back 91

True

Front 92

A precipitin test is used to distinguish between animal and human blood.

True or false?

Back 92

True

Front 93

On average, there are about 10 ridge characteristics in a fingerprint.

True or false?

Back 93

False

Front 94

Arch fingerprints are the least common type of fingerprints in the population.

True or false?

Back 94

True

Front 95

All fingerprints are invisible to the naked eye.

True or false?

Back 95

False

Front 96

At most crime scenes, investigators will only be able to recover partial fingerprints.

True or false?

Back 96

True