Foundations Ii: Mouth And Tongue

Front 1

What feature of the tongue is indicated by the white arrow?

What boundary do they mark?

Back 1

Vallate Papillae

The 8-12 vallate papillae mark the juncture between the oral anterior 2/3 and the posterior pharyngeal 1/3.

Front 2

What feature of the tongue is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 2

The Foramen Caecum, at the apex of the Terminal Sulcus.

Front 3

What is the embryologic origin of the Foramen Caecum?

Back 3

It is a remnant of the embryological development of the thyroid gland.
It closes before birth but remains as a landmark.

Front 4

What is the name of V-shaped groove immediately posterior to the Vallate Papillae?

Back 4

The Terminal Sulcus.

Front 5

What is the name of the groove indicated by the white arrow?

Back 5

The Median Groove

Front 6

What type of papillae are found at the location on the tongue indicated by the white arrow?

Back 6

Foliate Papillae

Front 7

What type of papillae are found at the location indicated by the white arrow?

Back 7

Fungiform Papillae

Front 8

What type of papillae are found at the location indicated by the white arrow?

Back 8

Filiform Papillae.

Front 9

Which type of papillae contain taste receptors?

Back 9

Foliate, Fungiform, and Vallate Papillae.

Filiform Papillae are mechanoreceptive only.

Front 10

What is the structure indicated by the white arrow?

Back 10

The Frenulum

Front 11

What structures lie lateral to the Frenulum, overlying the sublingual gland?

Back 11

The Sublingual Folds

Front 12

What gland is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 12

The Sublingual Gland.

Front 13

On which sublingual structures do the Submandibular Ducts appear?

Back 13

The Sublingual Caruncles (or Papilla).

Front 14

What duct is indicated by the white arrow?

Where does it open?

Back 14

The Submandibular Duct.

It opens on the Sublingual Papilla (Caruncle)

Front 15

What nerve is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 15

The Lingual Nerve.

Front 16

What nerve is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 16

The Lingual Nerve

Front 17

What nerve carries general sensory information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Back 17

The Lingual Nerve (from V3)

Front 18

What nerve carries taste information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Back 18

The Chorda Tympani (from CN VII) steals the fibres from the Lingual Nerve.

Front 19

What nerve carries taste and general sensory innervation for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Back 19

The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)

Front 20

What nerve is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 20

The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)

Front 21

What nerve is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 21

The Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

Front 22

What artery is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 22

The Lingual Artery, off of the external carotid.

Front 23

What vein does the blood from the tongue drain into?

Back 23

The Internal Jugular Vein
(through the Dorsal and Deep Lingual Veins)

Front 24

What nerve carries somatic motor innervation to the tongue?

Back 24

The Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

Front 25

What section of the roof of the mouth is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 25

The Hard Palate.

Front 26

What section of the roof of the mouth is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 26

The Soft Palate.

Front 27

What structure of the mouth is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 27

The Uvula

Front 28

What muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 28

The Palatoglossus Muscle.

Front 29

What muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 29

The Palatopharyngeus Muscle, forming the structure of the palatopharyngeal arch.

Front 30

What structures are indicated by the white arrows?

Back 30

The Palatine Tonsils

Front 31

What surface is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 31

The Posterior Wall of the Oropharynx.

Front 32

Which extrinsic tongue muscle is innervated by the Vagus Nerve (CN X)?

Back 32

The Palatoglossus

Front 33

What muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 33

The Genioglossus

Front 34

What tongue muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 34

The Hyoglossus

Front 35

What tongue muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 35

The Styloglossus.

Front 36

What muscles are indicated by the white arrows?

Back 36

The Genioglossus Muscles.

Front 37

What movements do the Genioglossus Muscles control?

Back 37

The Genioglossus Muscles depress and protrude the tongue.

Front 38

What tongue muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 38

The Hyoglossus

Front 39

What action does the Hyoglossus perform?

Back 39

The Hyoglossus and the Styloglossus both retract the tongue.
The Hyoglossus also pulls down the sides of the tongue.

Front 40

What muscle is indicated by the white arrows?

Back 40

The Mylohyoid Muscle

Front 41

What tongue muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 41

The Styloglossus.

Front 42

What nerve innervates the Styloglossus?

Back 42

The Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

Front 43

What is the action of the Styloglossus?

Back 43

Both the Styloglossus and the Hyoglossus retract the tongue.

Front 44

What muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 44

The Mylohyoid Muscle

Front 45

What muscle is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 45

The Geniohyoid Muscle.

Front 46

What muscles form the floor of the mouth?

Back 46

The Mylohyoid and Geniohyoid muscles.

Front 47

What actions do the Mylohyoid and Geniohyoid muscles perform?

Back 47

They contribute to elevating the hyoid bone (and therefore the larynx) during swallowing or depressing the Mandible, depending on the tone of the strap muscles.