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330 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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iberian peninsula
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spain and portugal
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____ cuts off spain and portugal from the rest of europe
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the pyrenees mountain range
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what allowed spain and portugal to stay neutral during WW1 and 2
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isolation due to the pyrenees mt range
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____ ocean hits the western shores of portugal and spain
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atlantic
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who has invaded spain and portugal
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germany, rome and the moors
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a high central plain in the center of spain
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Meseta
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after the moors invaded spain and portugal became ____ then a big push for ____ with franz ferdinan
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islam
catholism |
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the main religion of the iberian peninsula
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catholicism
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agriculture that thrives in spain
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olive groves
olive oil wheat some rice wine |
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rice farming in spain and portugal
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they must irrigate and it is not an export its made for their country only
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Maderia Wine
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sweet fruity wines produced on maderia, a portguese island in the north atlantic ocean
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where were the moors that invaded spain and portugal from
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north africa (morocco) and brought islam
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El Cid
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military fighter
fought for both the spaniards and the moors when he finished his regin isabel and ferdinan took over best known for freeing valencia |
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iberian peninsula exploring and colonizing
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caravels
prince henry the navigator magellan bartholomew diaz vasco de gama cortes pizarro |
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caravels
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sailboats from the 15th century used to go to the northern africa,
very fast |
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sturdy vessels with lateen sails (triangle sails exteneded on a spar and flying a rather low mast
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caravels
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prince henry the navigator
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portguese leader who sponsored voyages of exploration aboard caravels to very distant places
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magellan
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portguese navigator that led the first circumnavigation of the world from 1519-1522 but died in the phillipeans during the trip
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bartholomew diaz
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portguese navigator who sailed around the cape of good hope (sourthern tip of africa) in 1488
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cortes
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spanish explorer in central america particularity mexico in the 16th century
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pizzaro
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spanish who conqurer the incas in peru in the 16th century and established spanish dominance here
brought back culture and foods with him |
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when did spain lose most of its power
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in 1588 when the armada was defeated
after this spain was seen as a pawn and lost portugal and many of its colonies after 1688 and |
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the inquisition
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time when spain required non catholics to convert or leave the country; torture was sometimes part of the imprisionment process in spain peru and portugal
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ferdinan and isabella and the inquisition
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forced people even in south american countries to comply with catholicism or suffer their torture
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jews and the inquisition
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forced to leave the country
endure torture or convert |
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moors during the inquisition
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islamic and moroccan?
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languages of spain
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castillian
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language of portugal
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portugesee
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dominant religion in spain and portugal
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catholicism
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remnants of the moors
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only their mosques left in spain and portugal
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most amazing moor remanant
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cordoba
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cordoba
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it is a mosque built in 758 CE that has been modified several times and eventually had a cathedral built within
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spain and portugal holidays
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christmas and easter
and many local parages and eleborate floats bullfighting (bull run in pamplona) |
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fado
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distinctive portguese musical form the blues sung to guitar accompiantment
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flamenco
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said to have had come from the gyspies 1500's
dance |
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spanish and portguese literature
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cervantes: don quixote-portrayal of human dignity and innate goodness
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portugal meals
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simple breakfast
hearty lunch and dinner |
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portugal breakfast
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simple
cup of coffee with milk or hot chocolate and bread with jam |
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milk in portugal
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not considered to be consumed by its self usually in coffee, or hot chocolate or in the form of cheese at lunch and dinner
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portugal lunch and dinner
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hearty, simple yet hearty foods
pork and fish (cod) peppers and onions tomatoes and potatoes milk apart as cheese |
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bachalhau
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salted dried cod, combined with greens veggies, and seasonings
portugal |
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chorizo
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portugal
sausage flavored with paprika and chilies that may be seasoned with picante (hot) or dulce (sweet) |
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flan
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baked custard dessert usually containing caramel in both spain and portugal
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Spain meals
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eleborate
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churro
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spain
fried quick bread similar to a donought but extrudded into a fluted thick stick before frying was introduced to the caribbean and latin american and is still popular |
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paella
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spain
a mixture of seafood, meats safforn rice (yellow but very expensive) and vegetables |
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cocido
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spain
stew consisting of 3 traditional parts (soup cooked in veggies and boiled meats) with specific intregridants varying |
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saffron
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spain
orange to yellow spice the sigma of purple crocus adds color and flavor to dishes |
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tapas
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small plate of tidbits of food designed for nibbling while having a drink in the late afternoon or early evening
spain |
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sangria
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spain
red wine blended with fruit juices part of every meal except bfast |
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gazpacho
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chilled soup traditional in spain
made with many chopped vegetables plus beef or chicken stock red wine, vinegar and olive oil with a tomato base |
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basques
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live in the pyrenees mts near the bay of biscay some are seeking independence from spain
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basque food
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sheep products (sheep cheese)
known for good food |
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marmitako
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basque food
stew made with tuna and potatoes |
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porrusalda
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basque food
soup that has leeks and potatoes |
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bascalado al pil pil
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basque food
dish made with salt cod served in garlic sauce |
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bosporous
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narrow channel that divides the city of istanbul and also europe from asia
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overall geography of greece, turkey, and levant
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rocky terrain, mountains, little rainfall, and high temperatures
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geographic overview of greece
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physically part of europe but is separated due to the mountians
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geographic overview of turkey
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istanbul was byzantium, then constantanople
all was one city but divided by water the sea of marmara which connects the black sea and the agean sea |
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levant refers to
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the rising sun in the east in french
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israel geographic overview
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small country east of jordan and south of lebanon bordered by the mediterrain sea
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other countries included in the geographic overview of greece, turkey and levant
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some of syria, iraq, jordan and lebanon
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alexander the great
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greatest accomplishment was taking food greek culture and spreading it thru the empire thru his conquests
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common denominitor with greece, turkey and levant
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mediterrinaean sea
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people of greece, turkey and levant are known to be
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patriotic
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indigenous crops for greece
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wheat,corn,rice (not much to export but enough for the country)
grapes and olives citrus fruits sheep-dairy meat |
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greek feta cheese comes from
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sheep not goat
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greece worship
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much is greek orthodoxy but free to worship as they want
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greece history and culture
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minoans and myceans before 1200 bc
spartans and athenians macedonians romans and ottoman turks cyprus |
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greece king knossos palace
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is on crete
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greek islands
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300+
36 inhabited |
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spartans and athenians
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two strong holds in greece
protected it from invaders but the problem was a lot of fighting within each other the peloponnesian wars led to the demise |
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macedonians
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475 bc the development of the classic culture of greece parthenon on the acropolis
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ottoman turks
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came in and ruled for about 400 years they spread muslim faith but 1821 greece had a civil war and gained control
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cyprus divided
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part is turkish and part greek
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greek wine
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improved over the last 25 years
infusion of money, talent and resources which has created a very wonderful wine that is inexpensive |
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retsina or rostina
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greek wine
pine sap to keep the cork in the bottle and use to drip into the wine and flaovored it but it is a bad taste or aquired white or rose wine |
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turkey empires
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byzantine
ottoman |
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turkey byzantine empire
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eastern part of the former roman empire
powerful for almost a millenium was created by a split of the roman empire by constaninople |
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turkey ottoman empire
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large empire centered turkey that ruled for more than 600 years
ended after first world war created by the fall of byzantine (islam) |
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turkey hitties
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early civilization occupied parts of turkey and syria
king david have written record and metal sculptures and rock carvings |
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turkey phoenicians
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had a lot of trade via water not looking to conquer
powerful traders had fleets of ships and expanded trade enormously |
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greece religion
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mostly greek orthodox
offshot roman catholic can worship anyway they want |
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turkey religion
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most muslims are sunnis (follow muhummad and hadith) some are shiite (follow ali) and sufism (the mystical religion) example whriling devishes
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turkey and women in religion
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broadminded
not cover heads both drink alcohol |
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western wailing wall
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levant
in jeresulum where the jews go pray not all still stands today one of the most significant sites for judaism |
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the dome of the rock
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on top of jeresuleums temple moiunt where muslims go pray
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how many crusades
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4
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crusades
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there have been 4 to destroy the islamic crusades in 1948 israel was established
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greek holidays
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feast of st basil
independence day feast of the annunciation easter |
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feast of st basil
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greek
celebration of the new year |
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vassiopita
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greek new year
rich sweet, bread that has good luck coin baked in and whoever finds it has good luck |
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greek independence day
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march 25
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greek easter
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red dyed eggs
lamb on spit |
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feast of the annunciation
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greek
feast of gabriel telling mary that she was pregnant with Jesus |
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hagia sophia
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huge dome church built by the byzantine empire when they were overthrown they made it a mosque and it now has no religions affiliation
initially a christian church now museum greek? |
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indigenous foods of levant
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citrus, seasme, bananas, olives
grapes and figs cotton tobacco |
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alphabet of levant
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greek
arabiac hebrew |
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iran
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beluga caviar
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pita
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pocket bread that is common thru out the middle east
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lavosh
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armeanian cracker bread but it is very pliable when first made until it cools
a thin version of the pita without the pocket |
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phyllo
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dough , very thin, flour based, formed into large sheets and serves as the main ingredient in most dessert and some main dishes
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flafel
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created by making a paste of soaked chick peas and seasoning forming them into balls and deep frying them in fat
greek? |
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hummus
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chickpeas tahini lemon juice garlic olivie oil
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tahini
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paste of finely ground seasme seeds, seasme oil, and lemon juice
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tabouli
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levantine salad or salsa made of tomato cucumber parsley lemon onion olive oil, protein, lemon juice, very high in antioxidents
contains soaked bulgur- partially dried cracked wheat |
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baklava
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phyllo
butter nuts honey |
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dolmas
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stuffed grape leaves and rice for vegatarians and lamb for the nonvegerarian
may be served hot or cold |
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spanakopita
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main dish consisting of many layers of phyllo spinach and various other integridents according to taste
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greece meals
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light bfast strong coffe and piece of bread
hearty lunch late supper |
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shawarma
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thinly sliced chicken or lamb layered tightly with fat and formed into a solid that is grilled verically on a rotisserie and sliced into thin long slices while still on skewer
greece, turkey levant |
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vasco de gama
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portguese navigator that opened up the trade rounte in india in 1498 and 1502
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north africa
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morocco
algeria tunisia libya egypt |
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the maghreb
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morocco
algeria tunisia |
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georgaphic overview of morocco
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the maghreb
4 mountain ranges |
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4 mountain ranges of the morocco
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the rif-north
the high atlas the middle atlas the anti atlas |
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geographic overview of algeria
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the maghreb
largest country |
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geographic overview of tunisia
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the maghreb
between algeria and libya smallest country |
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geographic overview of egypt
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irrigation is possible from the nile
includes sinani peninsula to the east of the suez canal |
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geographic overview of libya
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left of egypt
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why is growing things difficult unless on the coast
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the deserts
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argiculture of north africa
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little rainfall
sahara desert sand storms nile river aswan dam |
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effect of the 2007 sandstorm
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shut down the cairo airport
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nile river
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10 countries
longest river in the world north flowing irrigation makes it possible near the nile in egypt crops water buffalo, donkey and hand labor for every growing pop farming |
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nile crop
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wheat
millet some corn and rice dates broad beans and vegetables |
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aswan dam
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helps with flooding
prevents silt allows to grow more than 1 crop a year now-- 3 per year water storage hydroelectricity lack of flooding 14 miles to 2 mile width due to devestation of the rich soil |
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sources of meat in egypt
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sheep
goat camel pigeons limited beef |
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egypt camels
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brisket, ribs, lions
hump is delecacy, high fat storage tastes like dried out tough beef should eat when camel young if dont mix with other meat should braise it |
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dovecotes
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home base for pigeons this is how they are captured
(an integridient in bastilla) |
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moroccon water vendors
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sell water
hat - lamp shade hard during ramadan because people fast |
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suez canal
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1869
route to connect bodies of water instead of going around |
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history of egypt (governement)
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31 dynasties before alexander the great
alexander the great constaniople arabs mameluke sultans french british themselves |
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alexander the great and egypt
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conquered egypt
they though he was a god so it was easy founded alexandria on the mediterranean established ptolemy rulers (cleoptra and mark anthony were the last as octavian captured alexandria) |
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constantinople and Egypt
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when the roman empire was divided he gained power
the offical religion chrisitanity |
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arabs in egypt
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muslims
came in and took over |
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mameluke sultans and egypt
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ruled before it became apart of the ottoman empire
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french soilders in egypt
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rumored to have shot off the nose of the sphnix
under the ruling of napoleon only occupied for three years |
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britsh in egypt
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occupied for 50 years until they pulled out returned to help drive out the germans and italians (not successful) during WW2
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egypt government today
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rule themselves
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fort qaitbey
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egypt
location of the pharos lighthouse in alexandria |
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karnak
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a city of temples in egypt
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luxor
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egypt
best known places to worship built by ancient egyptians |
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egypt and islam
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came in 1600s with the arabs
about 90% of the egyptians very centered around this faith because of praying have shiites and sunnis |
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other religions of egypt
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small pockets of christanity and judaism
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chrisitanity in egypt
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mainly coptic, have some sites next to mosques
was created at the same time as the byzantine empire was being over thrown |
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the hajj
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egypt culture
the pilgrimage taken by the islamic people when they go they paint the outside of their homes with scenes from the trop |
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daily life of egypt
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outdoor markets
luxor and cairo are very high in poverty clothing is different they cover their face |
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libya facts
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beautiful outdoor air museums such as their ruins from the romans
sabrath leptis magna |
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roman influence of the maghreb
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baths at carthage (near tunisia)
carthage was used as a port for the phoenoceans |
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berbers
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early inhabitants of much of libya and the maghreb
noted as fierce fighters |
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european presence in the maghreb
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algeria was protected by france for over 100 years also held morocco for more than 100 years and tunisia for 35
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daily life in tunisia
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dates grapes apricots in markets
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cultural hertiage of the maghreb
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pre-islamic art and architecture on the walls
roman ruins in libya of sabratha and leptis magna the islamic art and articheture-- generally restricted to calligraphy and geometric patterns and designs |
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food patterns of north africa
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sit on low tables, on cushions
sweet green tea flavored with mint is the opener no silverwear- first three right hand fingers family style service |
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meal patterns of north africa
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breakfast- small, coffee and bread or cereal product
milk, soda, alcohol as drinks tons of spices no oven in house |
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common north african meal vegetables
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eggplant
onions cabbage spinach potatoes caulilfower okra carrots cucumbers sometimes tomatoes |
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common north african meal fruits
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olives
dates limes oranges bananas grapes some pomegrant |
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bet tai
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north african
disc shaped- yeast leavened wheat flower arab bread 14 in in diameter |
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burghul
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granular cereal product made by boiling and drying cracjed wheat also called bulgur
north africa |
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north african snack foods
|
legumes and corn
pumpkin articokes garbanzos |
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couscous
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berber dish served with meat or vegetable stew
semolina is sprinkled with water and rolled with the hands to form small pellets north africa |
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shish kebobs
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lamb
north africa |
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bastilla
|
egypt
doesnt use phyllo dough instead use something that orignnated in fez morocco pigeon pie flavored with ginger cumin saffron and cinamon dusted with confectioners sugar |
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harira
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morroccan food dish
lamb stew |
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tagine
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very traditional dish prepared in a special round pottery bowl with a cylindrical lid
a stew north african |
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west africa
|
western sahara
liberia togo mauritania cote d'ivoir benin senegal chad niger nigeria ghana sierra leone burkina faso mali guinea bissau gambia |
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guinea geographic overview
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mt cameroon erupted in 1922 which reached the atlantic ocean
also1982 when tarzan was being filmed and 1999 and 2000 |
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guinea bissau geographic overview
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during high tide in the rainy season 1/3 of the country can be flooded
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west africa equatorial rainforest
|
28 miles north and south of the equator
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west african rivers
|
volta
niger |
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volta river
|
west africa
3 sections white, red, and black, 45 ft deep |
|
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niger river
|
3rd longest river
1 interior delta 1 coastline delta |
|
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sahel
|
spans across africa
a broad band of land across west africa between the saraha and the lush vegetation along the southern coast many nomadic people |
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sahel climate
|
rainfall is limited in certain parts and torrientail rain during other parts dependeing on the seasons
further north less rain semi desert climate sahara desert- north savannah- south |
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sahel people
|
semi nomadic
transhumance many have camels raise goats, some have dogs |
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west african climate
|
mixture: flooding, rainforest areas, and deserts
|
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west african food deserts
|
peanuts and their by products
palm oil (used in processed foods) cocoa kola nuts (cola beverages) coffee bananas sugar pineapple |
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chocolate slave trade
|
children from togo, mali, coax people and lie about education and homes
sold to ivory coast cocoa plantations supplies 80% of worlds chocolate nestle, cadbury, mars, hersheys |
|
|
the divine chocolate fundraising project
|
when you buy their chocolate it helps the actual farmers and edcuation on their area
response to chocolate slave trade 30,000 farmers involved in Ghana, west africa |
|
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tsetse fly
|
west africa
sleeping sickness limits livestock treatment within 6 months or u die |
|
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other problems with west africa
|
HIV/AIDS
malaria unsafe water supply rodents parasites intense heat |
|
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HIV and AIDS in west africa
|
22.5 million or 2/3 of global population
|
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empire of ghana
|
5-11 century
|
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empire of mali
|
13-15 century
dominated trade from segal to egypt |
|
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empire of songhai
|
14-16 century
detached from mali and included the fabled trading outpost of timbuktu |
|
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timbuktu
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west africa
originally wealthy capital of timbuktu region located within mali trade in salt, gold, ivory, and slaves 1863-french 1960-republic of mali now-impoverished ppl suffering |
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desertification
|
more desert
|
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early people of west africa
|
farmers back 6000 years
early settlers near water |
|
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lake chad
|
west africa
shrank 95% from 1963-1998 provides water to 20 million people (niger river is the same) |
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european interaction with west africa
|
prince henry the navigator
berlin conference |
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berlin conference (west africa)
|
1884-1885
divided everything up without the consent of the w african people beliguim, germany, portugal, england, france |
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slave coast of west africa
|
nigeria and benin
|
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goree
|
west aftica
island off the coast of dakar, senegal from which vast numbers of slaves were shipped to the americas and caribbean islands almost no drinking water house of slaves final exit point taken there (darkar sengal) |
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west african religoin
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animism
islam christanity |
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animism
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west african
african traditional religion, voodoo twins are considered a curse |
|
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islam in west africa
|
containment
mixture reform |
|
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music of west africa
|
tonal language
voice harps jembe-drum |
|
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the arts of west africa
|
story telling
sculputres fabrics, jewlery |
|
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br'er rabbit
|
west african story telling
talk about hares or spiders depending on where you were |
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meals of west africa
|
cooked over an open fire with a single pot
|
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gari
|
west african
granular, dried meal made by carefully soaking fermenting drying and grinding cassava roots a main source of starch in their diet |
|
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fufu
|
west africa
yams and potatoes and mix them together grind and mix them with water and it becomes a ball backbone of west african diet |
|
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backbone of west african diet
|
fufu
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yassa
|
west african
lemon marinated meat |
|
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gari foto
|
west africa
vegatable stew-cassava, onions, and tomatoes |
|
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cassava root
|
has to be processed soon after harvest because it harvests its own poison
danger west african |
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jollof rice
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west african
one pot rice tomatoes tomato paste meat and vegetables |
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other key west african ingredients
|
yams
bananas/plantains peanut butter (groundbutter) sorghum wheat, rice, millet greens, legumes |
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east and south east africa
|
sudan
central africa republic cameroon equatorial new guinea gabon congo democratic republic of the congo angola namibia botswana south africa zimabwe somalia malawi mozambique zambia madagascar tanzania uganda kenya ethiopia somalia swaziland lesotho rwanda brundi dijibouti eritrea |
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mt kilimanjaro
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south and east africa
border of kenya three cones 2 extinct 1 dominant tanzania 19,000 ft high |
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mt kenya
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2nd highest mountain
17000 feet eroded slopes and numerous valleys important source of water bongos |
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bongos
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south and east africa
type of antelope both male and female have horns |
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the great rift valley
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south and east africa
john walter gregory named it in 19th century continuous geographic trench 3700 miles long extends from jordan in the middle east to mozambique |
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major rivers of south and east africa
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zambezi
the congo the limpopo |
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zambezi
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south and east africa major river
angola namibia zambia botswana zimbabwe mozambique |
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the congo
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south and east africa
the deepest river |
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the limpopo
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south and east africa
"the elephants child" roger kiplings |
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cape of good hope
|
south and east africa recoreded event
ship begins to travel more eastward than southward cape agulhas and cape point- truly most southern points |
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climate of south and east africa
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heat
extremes: rain/ drought elevated areas more comfortable, despite being in the tropics low and costal areas, hot and steamy |
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south africa climate
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like southern california
low in the 60's highs in the 80's |
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south africa
|
1994 end of apartheid
eastern coastline is lush and well watered interior is flat, vast, spareley populated karoo |
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karoo
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south africa
semi desert 1800's- the khoi and bushmen (2 major tribes) |
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kohi
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south and east africa- karoo tribe
farmers |
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bushmen
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south and east africa - karoo tribe
hunter gathers |
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argiculture south and east africa
|
subsisitence farmers
herders famine and food security are huge (except in south africa b/c modernized) |
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subsustence farmers south and east africa
|
original inhibtants
rainfall is an issue extended drought can usually raise enough crops to feed their families |
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ethopia (south and east africa) principal crops
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coffee
pulses (beans) oilseeds cereals potatoes -sweet and white sugarcane vegetables |
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tribal society south and east africa women
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not allowed to do anything political and are to eat first and separate from everyone else
grow the crops while men do livestock |
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tribal society of south and east africa children
|
tend to livestock
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tribal society of south and east africa meals
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2
dont use wild game because of the tourism |
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tribal society of south and east africa traditional crops
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corn
legumes sweet potatoes tef millet sorghum and bananas |
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tef
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south and east africa
cereal grain grown in ethopia since ancient times and now also grown in kenya and malawi |
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foreign involvement south and east africa
|
portgueses exlporers
prester john dutch french english |
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portguese explorers south and east africa
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opened up trade in southern parts of africa
diaz de gama |
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prester john
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south and east africa
mystical christian leader of a domain originally rumored to be in india portguese were eager to join forces with him b/c they wanted to defeat islam |
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dutch french and english south and east africa
|
attracted to the slave trade
maize and casave were brought by them |
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bantu
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zulu farmers
large group of africans originally from west and central regions of africa who separate east and south prior to colonial days |
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major crops of the bantu
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millet and sorghum which were easier grown further north
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dutch english company
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south and east africa
trading company that has established cape town as a pot to restock its ships plying between east indies and holland |
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voortrekers
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south and east africa
boer who used oxen and covered wagons to make the great trek |
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the great trek
|
inland migration
1835-1839 voortrekkers south and east africa |
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boer
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s african dutch who used oxen covered wagons to make this long trek inward
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afrikkaans
|
south and east africa
the language spoken by south african farmers of dutch hertiage one of the offical languages of south africa |
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coloreds
|
south and east africa
used to describe indians, malays and offspring of interracial marriages |
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north from the cape of good hope
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bantu
dutch east india company voortrekkers afrikaans the term coloreds diamonds and gold mined here 20th cent. apartheid was abolished, nelson mandela president black |
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tanzania animals
|
gnus- water buffalo
elephants |
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kenya animlas
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giraffes
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religion of south and east africa
|
missionaries brought christianity
the predominant religion of ethopia--ethopian orthodoxy most africans in this area are christian |
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the arts south and east africa
|
music
dance drums storytelling |
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festivals south and east africa
|
tim kat festival in ehtopia
making the seeds grow (have right before growing season, to make rain happen) rainmaking (usually done in the same place at the same time every year officiated by high ranked officals) circumcision (males done in public girls done in private) |
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food patterns of south and east africa
|
2 meals a day
comminal pot for everyone to share insects termites and mice porridge of cornmeal in calabashes |
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insects of south and east africa
|
considered a delicacy
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calabashes
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dried hard shell of a gourd suitable for holding liquids and foods
south and east africa |
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mealie meal
|
name for corn meal in south africa
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sadza
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zimbabwean name for a stiff cornmeal porridge
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pombe
|
keyan beer
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ugali
|
keyan name for stiff cornmeal porridge
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injera
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south and east africa
our version of pancakes made of ancient grain, tef flour baked on a griddle on one side only |
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nsima
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porridge made of finely ground cornmeal
the mainstay I the diet of many people in malawi |
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sosaties
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BBQ meat on the skewer
south and east africa |
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braaivleis
|
Barbecues in the southern contries of africa
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fufu
|
starchy paste or dough made of cassava; popular specifically in kenya
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india and its neighbors
|
india
afganistan pakistan nepal bhutan bangladesh sri lanka |
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geographic places of india and its neighbors
|
himalayan mountains
mount everest rivers |
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himalayan mountains
|
india and its neighbors
4 climate zones major river systems many peaks sacred protective area limits growing area (tibet- barley and hardy vegetables) |
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mount everest
|
worlds highest mountain
29029 ft above sea level nepal side sir george everest (named after) tourist revenue |
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4 climate zones of the himalayan mountains
|
1- lowest forested area
2- higher up alpine scrub/harsh wind and cold 3-upper alpine zone 4- |
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rivers of india and its neighbors
|
brahmaputra
indus river ganges river |
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brahmaputra
|
river
tibet-india used for irrigation and transportation flooding |
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indus river
|
india pakistan tibet
|
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ganges river
|
runs thru india and bangladesh
holiest of rivers the ganges basin -1,000 sq mile pollution- 5th dirtiest in the world |
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|
what is the cause of the ganges river being so polluted
|
governement corruption
lack of technology |
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Indian groups of people
|
dravidians
aryans |
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|
dravidians
|
28% of indians
southern india short dark skinned people within the last decade have tried to share that they are also light skinned |
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aryans
|
72% of indians
1500 BC from iran and southern russia brought the caste system |
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|
caste system
|
twice born groups
brahmin kshatruya vaishya |
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brahmin- caste system
|
best of the best
|
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kshatriya- caste system
|
ruler, warriors, land owners
|
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vaishya- caste system
|
merchants
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hinduism
india and its neighbors |
3rd largest religion
"way of life" no dingle founder believer in karma, dharma, and societal norms bindi reincarniation and mediation cows |
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hinduism- karma
|
consequence basis
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hinduism- dharma
|
personal obligations and duties
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hinduism- bindi
|
the red dot that man women wear in india and it is also to represent your martial status
sometimes they use cow manure for them |
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buddhism
india and its neighbors |
siddhartha gaurama 556- 480
"enlightened one" the four noble truths- all they have to do with suffering desire and ignorance- root of suffering dalai lama- tibet |
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stupa
|
india and its neighbors
mound like structure buddhism relics some houses of worship |
|
|
the taj mahal at sunset
|
took 20 years to build
"the jewel" built for the woman taj crown mahal |
|
|
shah jahan mongol emperor's 3rd wife
|
mumtaz mahal who taj mahal was named after
|
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animals found in the north of india and its neighbors
|
tiger
elephants wild game |
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india
|
mysticism
mediation physical tests |
|
|
physical tests of india
|
levitation
hot coals snake charmers bed of nails |
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|
nepal
|
wild tigers and elephants
mountainous gurkhas borders tibet and india pashupatinath temple- hindu |
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|
gurkhas
|
nepal
fierce warriors this is how they gained independence |
|
|
kathmadu
|
capital of nepal
|
|
|
bhutan
|
east of nepal
religion- mahayan buddhisim country slogan- land of the thunder dragon 5 seasons tiger and bear are on endangered species list |
|
|
5 seasons of bhutan
|
summer
monsoon winter fall spring |
|
|
tibet
|
seat of tibetan buddhism
jokhang temple currently controlled by china most of tibet is subsistence argriculture use yaks for plowing potala |
|
|
jokhang temple
|
tibet
emperor has buddhist wife and a hindu wife and one lived in one win of the temple and the other in the other wing, conductive to their religions |
|
|
potala
|
seat of tibetian buddhism and former home of the dalai lama
|
|
|
pakistan
|
muslium country (not allowed to worship any other way)
modern technology in the cities rural traditions in remote areas used to be apart of india but they chose to move the muslim out of india and created it only muslim country with nuclear weapons |
|
|
afghanistan
|
muslim country
85% are sunni food patterns are islamic nomadic and tribal society |
|
|
food patterns of islamic in afghanistan
|
pomegranate
grapes apricots melons nuts |
|
|
bangladesh
|
broke away from pakistan 1971
high population 8th few resources hunger is devestation problem islam, sunni 1998 most severe flooding (30000 homes) |
|
|
food patterns of bangladesh
|
very spicey
beef eaten regularly fish most common protien dal |
|
|
dal
|
dried lentils, peas or beans
stripped and split indian, nepal, pakistan, sri lanka, and bangladesh |
|
|
sri lanka
|
island south of india
|
|
|
religoin of sri lanka
|
hinduism and buddhism
|
|
|
dominant cultures of sri lanka
|
sinhalese
tamils |
|
|
sinhalese
|
dominant culture of sri lanka
descendants or aryans in sri lanka |
|
|
tamils
|
dominant culture in sri lanka
descendants of chola and other early indian invaders of sri lanka |
|
|
sri lanka tea
|
james taylor
4th largest producer of tea 1 million people employed in the tea business alone in sri lanka ceylon- white black or green |
|
|
sri lanka food patterns
|
reflect religion
variety of spices and seasonings |
|
|
masala
|
india and its neighbors
blend of spices key component of curry mixture of spices that are ground into a paste with a stone |
|
|
curry
|
india and its neighbors
extremely varied hearty and well seasoned stew like dish featuring meat or legumes and served with several accompaniments tumeric, coriander, and cumin, and other speices |
|
|
chutney
|
india and its neighbors
chunky flavorful sauce often served as an accompaniment to curry |
|
|
sambar
|
india and its neighbors
spicy puree of lentils which is often served with idlis |
|
|
idlis
|
india and its neighbors
rice cakes |
|
|
ghee
|
india and its neighbors
clarified butter that has been cooked down a little to add flavor expensive but preferred gat for cooking in india |
|
|
roti
|
indian word for bread
|
|
|
chapati
|
pancake-like grilled whole wheat bread popular in india
|
|
|
paratha
|
whole wheat bread circles about 7 inches in diameter made with ghee in the dough and fried in ghee on the griddle
india and its neighbors |
|
|
tandoor
|
thick walled
deep jar shaped clay oven used for roasting meats and baking naan india and its neighbors |
|
|
naan
|
india and its neighbors
leavened: baking soda and baking power, yeast oven baked flatbread tandoor or clay oven |
|
|
mulligatawny soup
|
india and its neighbors
chicken or lamb curry rice cream/coconut mile lemon |
|
|
puri
|
india and its neighbors
deep fat fried rounds of whole wheat bread that puff in the middle during frying |
|
|
betel nut
|
india and its neighbors
nut from a climbing pepper with a deep red juice; chewed for its digestive qualities |
|
|
samosas
|
india and its neighbors
triangular appetizer, savory pastry, veggie or meat filling, served with chutney |
|
|
rice and india and its neighbors
|
transplanting seedlings into paddies
a community project |
|
|
significant export of sri lanka and india
|
tea
|
|
|
religions of
india- nepal- bhutan- tibet- pakistan- afghanistan- sri lanka- |
buddhism and hinduism
buddhism and hinduism buddhism buddhism muslim- sunni muslim buddhism and hinduism |
