Food Science 10,11,12

Front 1

Contains no nucleus

Back 1

Procaryotes

Front 2

Contains a nucleus

Back 2

Eucaryotes

Front 3

__________are unicellular procaryotes found almost everywhere.

Back 3

Bacteria

Front 4

Bacterial classifications

Back 4

Gram stain reaction: positive or negative
Shape: coccus, bacillus or spirillum
Spore-forming ability: yes or no

Front 5

Classified by their morphology, locomotion and life cycle
They do not grow in foods, but are parasites that require a host to complete their life cycle

Back 5

Protozoa

Front 6

The key example of protozoa is____________.

Back 6

Giardia Lamblia

Front 7

FAT TOM stands for what?

Back 7

Food
Acidity
Temperature
Time
Oxygen
Moisture

Front 8

The minimums for for acidity/alkalinity:
Bacteria: ____
Yeasts: _____
Molds: _____

Back 8

Bacteria: 4.5
Yeasts: 3.0
Molds: 2.0

Front 9

Psychrophiles
Min:
Opt:

Back 9

-10
10-15

Front 10

Psychrotrophs
Min:
Opt:

Back 10

-5
20-30

Front 11

Mesophiles
Min:
Opt:

Back 11

5-10
30-37

Front 12

Thermotrophs
Min:
Opt:

Back 12

10
42-46

Front 13

Thermophilles
Min:
Opt:

Back 13

25-45
50-80

Front 14

The role of microbes

Back 14

Spoilage
Pathogenic
Useful

Front 15

The enzyme __________ is used by organisms to cause fruit and vegetable rot.

Back 15

pectin esterase

Front 16

Lysine decarboxylase changes lysine into _________.

Back 16

Cadaverine

Front 17

Ornithine decarboxylase changes ornithine into _______.

Back 17

Putrescine

Front 18

_______ is metabolism that occurs under anaerobic conditions.

Back 18

Fermentation

Front 19

Used to initiate most food fermentations.

Back 19

Starter cultures

Front 20

are used to produce lactic acid from lactose

Back 20

Lactic acid bacteria

Front 21

Enzymes (_______or _______) are also used to coagulate milk proteins

Back 21

Chymosin, Renner

Front 22

A _________is any chemical substance that can elicit a detrimental effect in a biological system.

Back 22

Toxicant

Front 23

A method to determine the toxicity of chemical hazards and the probability that humans will be exposed.

Back 23

Risk assessment

Front 24

Some toxicants produce an ______response and others produce a ______ effect.

Back 24

Acute
Chronic

Front 25

Provides information on the frequency of toxic effects.

Back 25

Epidemiological studies

Front 26

The dose above which adverse effects are produced

Back 26

Threshold level

Front 27

Carcinogens are not allowed, except:
________ carcinogens are allowed
_______ produced by contaminants are allowed.

Back 27

Endogenous
Toxicants

Front 28

________drugs are used to treat certain disease conditions.

Back 28

Therapeutic

Front 29

_________treatments prevent or minimize disease conditions.

Back 29

Prophylactic

Front 30

Some drugs are used for _____ ____ _____ (growth promotion)

Back 30

Modification of Function

Front 31

Can be developed by exposure to antibiotics followed by transfer to humans via meat and milk derived from animals

Back 31

Resistance

Front 32

Are compounds that can enhance or suppress growth of specific cells

Back 32

Hormones

Front 33

(BST) increases milk production and is largely destroyed by pasteurizing

Back 33

Bovine Somatotropin