Fluids And Electrolytes Acid Base

Front 1

Respiratory alkalosis

Back 1

Less HCO3
Decrease in H+ concentration

headache
tachypnea
parathesias
tetany
vertigo
convulsions
hypokalemia
hypocalcemia
nausea
confusion
lightheadedness

Front 2

PT time normal

Back 2

9.6-11.8 seconds
therapeutic level is 1.5 to 2 times higher than normal

Front 3

serum digoxin
Digoxin is used to treat congestive heart failure, usually in combination with a diuretic (water pill) and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It is also used to treat a heart rhythm problem called atrial fibrillation.

Digoxin belongs to the class of medicines called digitalis glycosides. It is used to improve the strength and efficiency of the heart, or to control the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat. This leads to better blood circulation and reduced swelling of the hands and ankles in patients with heart problems

Back 3

normal values .5 to 2 ng/ml

Front 4

BUN levels

Back 4

Normal - 8 to 25 mg/dl

Front 5

troponin - protein found in striated muscle increased amounts are found in MI when there is myocardium or heart muscle damage

Back 5

Troponin T value that is higher than .1 to .2 ng/ml = MI

normal troponin 1 level < .6ng/ml

Front 6

Normal aPTT value

Back 6

normal value 30 - 40 seconds
therapeutic value 1.5 to 2.5 times normal

Front 7

Normal protein levels for serum

Back 7

range 6 -8

Front 8

Normal WBC range

Back 8

5000 - 10,000

Front 9

Serum amylase

Back 9

normal value 25-151
pancreatitis levels are 3 times the normal value

Front 10

normal female hemoglobin value

Back 10

12 - 15 g/dl

Front 11

calcium normal level

Back 11

8.6-10mg/dl

Front 12

magnesium

Back 12

1.6 to 2.6 mg/dl

Front 13

phosphorus

Back 13

2.7-4.5 mg/dl

Front 14

neutrophils

Back 14

normal 1800-7800

Front 15

infiltrated iv -

Back 15

lislodged form the vein and is in the sub q tissue. when presure in the tissues exceeds the pressure in the tubing the iv will stop.

Front 16

hypokalemia
3.5-5

Back 16

critical &lt; 2.5
Low K interesferes with repolarization of cells - muscles cannot fire
Severe muscle cramps and pain
Increased HR, confusion, tingling fingers and toes, lack of balance, rapid rr, shaking, weakness, flushing, tremors, dyphoreisis,

Front 17

hyperkalemia

Back 17

critical &lt; 6.5
a fib, increased excitability
CNS dysfunction
restlessness
slow HR
muscle cramping or weakness, diarrhea - too much movt in GI

Front 18

Causes of hyperkalemia

Back 18

acidosis
dietary
tissue trauma
hypoaldoseronism
DM
beta blockers - block K channels
intense exercise

Front 19

causes of hypokalemia

Back 19

alkalosis
vomiting - fluid acid loss becomes basic
unbalanced diet
dieretics- high GFR rate doesnt have time to be reabsorbed
renal loss
hyperaldosteronism - na reabsorbed, lose k into filtrate

Front 20

INR

Back 20

.7-1.8

Front 21

chloride

Back 21

98-106
over 90 98-111

Front 22

CO2

Back 22

23-30
23-31 - >60
20-29 - >90

Front 23

creatinine

Back 23

women
.5-1.1
.6-1.2 >60
.6-1.3 >90

men
.6-1.2
.8-1.3>60
1.0-1.7>90