Fluid, Electrolyte & A-B Balance

Front 1

fluid balance

Back 1

water gained=water lost

Front 2

water gain from?

Back 2

- primarily from digestive system: food, drinking fluid
- small amt from metabolic activity

Front 3

water lost?

Back 3

primarily through urinary system;
loss is abt. 2.5 L/day via feces, urine, perspiration
- fever
- lungs

Front 4

electrolytes

Back 4

ions from breakdown of INORGANIC compounds

Front 5

water percentage:
males?
females?

Back 5

60% male body weight
50% female body weight

Front 6

ECF subdivide into 2:

Back 6

1. interstitial fluid of tissues
2. plasma in blood

Front 7

ICF subdivide into:

Back 7

Minor:
1. lymph
2. CSF
3. synovial fluid
4. serous fluid
5. aqueous humor

Front 8

type of solid that makes up most of the body?

Back 8

proteins

Front 9

ICF composition

Back 9

water --84.7 lbs

Front 10

ECF composition

Back 10

- mostly interstitial fluid
- plasma
- other

Front 11

major cation in ECF

Back 11

Na+

Front 12

major anion in ECF

Back 12

Cl-

Front 13

major cation in ICF

Back 13

K+

Front 14

major anion in ICF

Back 14

HPO4(2-)

Front 15

T/F: All homeostatic mechanisms that monitor and adjust body fluid composition respond to changes in the ECF, not in ICF.

Back 15

True

Front 16

T/F: No receptors directly monitor fluid or electrolyte balance.

Back 16

True

Front 17

T/F: Cells use active transport to move water molecules across the cell membrane.

Back 17

False---water moves via osmosis- PASSIVE

Front 18

Hormones affecting fluid & electrolyte balance

Back 18

- ADH
- Aldosterone
- ANP (natriuretic peptides)

Front 19

ADH function

Back 19

- water retained at kidneys
- concentrated urine
- triggers thirst center in hypothalamus --promoting fluid intake
- osmoreceptors in hypo. monitor [osmotic] of ECF; they secrete ADH

Front 20

Aldosterone

Back 20

- secreted by adrenal cortex in response to rising K+ or falling Na+ levels in blood
- determines rate of Na+ absorption or K+ loss along DCT and collecting ducts of nephrons
- high plasma [aldosterone] causes kidneys to conserve Na+ thus stimulating water retention

Front 21

if ECF [osmotic] incr.

Back 21

fluid becomes hypertonic to ECF
water: ICF -> ECF

Front 22

if ECF [osmotic] decr.

Back 22

fluid becomes hypotonic to ICF
water: ECF -> ICF

Front 23

if ICF volume > ECF volume

Back 23

ICF acts as water reserve
prevents large osmotic changes in ECF

Front 24

homeostatic response to severe water loss

Back 24

physiological - ADH secretion
behavioural - incr. fluid intake