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151 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a major cation in the ECF? |
Sodium |
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What is the normal level of sodium? |
135-145 |
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What is are the cations in the ICF? |
Potassium and Magnesium |
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What is the normal level of potassium? |
3.5-5 |
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What is the most abundant electrolyte in the body? |
Calcium |
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What is the normal level of calcium? |
8.6-10.5 |
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What is the normal level of magnesium? |
1.6-3 |
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What is the normal level of chloride? |
95-105 |
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What is the normal phosphate levels? |
2.5-4.5 |
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What is the normal level of bicarbonate? |
22-26 |
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What are some sources of sodium? |
Table salt Soy sauce Cured pork Cheese Milk Processed foods Canned products |
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What are some sources of potassium? |
Bananas Oranges Apricots Figs Dates Carrots Potatoes Tomatoes Spinach Dairy products Meats |
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What are some sources of calcium? |
Milk Milk products Dark green leafy veggies Salmon Calcium fortified foods |
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What are some sources of magnesium? |
Most foods High levels in green veggies, grains, and nuts |
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What are some sources of chloride? |
Foods high in sodium |
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What are some sources of phosphate? |
Meat Fish Poultry Milk products Carbonated veggies Legumes |
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What are some sources of bicarbonate? |
Acid neutralizers |
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What are the functions of sodium? |
Regulate fluid volume Maintain blood volume Maintain muscle contraction Conduction of nerve impulses |
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What medication do you test PTT for? |
heparin |
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What medication do you test PTT for? |
heparin |
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what medication do you test PT/INR for? |
coumadin |
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How do you know a blood thinner is therapeutic? |
clotting time is 2-3 seconds longer |
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How do you know a blood thinner is therapeutic? |
clotting time is 2-3 seconds longer |
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What do you give if PT/INR is elevated? |
vitamin K |
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What does A1c evaluate? |
glucose over 3 months |
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What does A1c evaluate? |
glucose over 3 months |
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what does an elevated A1C indicate? |
noncompliance with diabetes |
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What does A1c evaluate? |
glucose over 3 months |
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what does an elevated A1C indicate? |
noncompliance with diabetes |
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what does elevated amylase and lipase indicate? |
Pancreatitis |
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What does A1c evaluate? |
glucose over 3 months |
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what does an elevated A1C indicate? |
noncompliance with diabetes |
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what does elevated amylase and lipase indicate? |
Pancreatitis |
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what IV solution should you not give when someone has a brain injury? |
hypotonic |
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What does A1c evaluate? |
glucose over 3 months |
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what does an elevated A1C indicate? |
noncompliance with diabetes |
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what does elevated amylase and lipase indicate? |
Pancreatitis |
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what IV solution should you not give when someone has a brain injury? |
hypotonic |
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what type of solution do you use for irrigation? |
isotonic- normal saline |
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What does A1c evaluate? |
glucose over 3 months |
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what does an elevated A1C indicate? |
noncompliance with diabetes |
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what does elevated amylase and lipase indicate? |
Pancreatitis |
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what IV solution should you not give when someone has a brain injury? |
hypotonic |
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what type of solution do you use for irrigation? |
isotonic- normal saline |
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What type of fluid do you give if someone is bleeding out? |
isotonic |
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What does A1c evaluate? |
glucose over 3 months |
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what does an elevated A1C indicate? |
noncompliance with diabetes |
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what does elevated amylase and lipase indicate? |
Pancreatitis |
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what IV solution should you not give when someone has a brain injury? |
hypotonic |
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what type of solution do you use for irrigation? |
isotonic- normal saline |
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What type of fluid do you give if someone is bleeding out? |
isotonic |
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what are the isotonic fluids? |
0.9 normal saline and Lactated ringers |
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What are the hypotonic fluids? |
0.45 Normal saline 0.33 Normal saline D5W |
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What are the hypotonic fluids? |
0.45 Normal saline 0.33 Normal saline D5W |
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what are the hypertonic fluids? |
D5 0.9 Normal saline D5 0.45 Normal saline D5 lactated ringers 3% normal saline 5% normal saline D10 |
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what type of fluid do you give if serum electrolyte levels are low? |
hypertonic |
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what type of fluid do you give if serum electrolyte levels are low? |
hypertonic |
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what type of fluids do you give for dehydration? |
isotonic |
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what type of fluids are given if serum electrolytes are high? |
hypotonic |
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what types of fluids are given for DKA? |
hypotonic |
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what is a normal pH level? |
7.35-7.45 |
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What is a normal PCO2 level? |
35-45 |
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what is a normal bicarbonate level? |
22-26 |
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what is a normal bicarbonate level? |
22-26 |
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what is a priority with low sodium levels? |
seizures |
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what can cause low CO2? |
hypervenilating |
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what type of acid base balance would someone who is hyperventilating have? |
respiratory alkalosis |
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What could cause a high CO2 level? |
hypovenilating COPD pain medication anesthesia |
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what type of acid base balance would someone who is hypovenilating have? |
metabolic acidosis |
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what type of acid base balance would someone with an NG tube that is suctioning have? |
metabolic alkalosis |
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what type of acid base balance would someone with hyperkalemia have? |
metabolic acidosis |
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what type of acid base balance would someone with hyperkalemia have? |
metabolic acidosis |
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what kind of acid base balance would someone with hyperglycemia have? |
metabolic acidosis |
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what is the normal range for WBC? |
4-11 |
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what is the normal range for WBC? |
4-11 |
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what is the normal range for RBC? |
male 4-6 female 4-5 |
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what is the normal range for WBC? |
4-11 |
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what is the normal range for RBC? |
male 4-6 female 4-5 |
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what is the normal range for hemoglobin? |
male 13-18 female 12-16 |
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what is the normal range for WBC? |
4-11 |
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what is the normal range for RBC? |
male 4-6 female 4-5 |
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what is the normal range for hemoglobin? |
male 13-18 female 12-16 |
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what is the normal range for hematocrit? |
male 42-52 female 35-47 |
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what is the normal range for WBC? |
4-11 |
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what is the normal range for RBC? |
male 4-6 female 4-5 |
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what is the normal range for hemoglobin? |
male 13-18 female 12-16 |
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what is the normal range for hematocrit? |
male 42-52 female 35-47 |
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what is the normal range for platelets? |
150-450 |
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what is the normal range for WBC? |
4-11 |
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what is the normal range for RBC? |
male 4-6 female 4-5 |
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what is the normal range for hemoglobin? |
male 13-18 female 12-16 |
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what is the normal range for hematocrit? |
male 42-52 female 35-47 |
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what is the normal range for platelets? |
150-450 |
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what is the normal range for PTT? |
25-35 |
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what is the normal range for WBC? |
4-11 |
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what is the normal range for RBC? |
male 4-6 female 4-5 |
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what is the normal range for hemoglobin? |
male 13-18 female 12-16 |
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what is the normal range for hematocrit? |
male 42-52 female 35-47 |
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what is the normal range for platelets? |
150-450 |
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what is the normal range for PTT? |
25-35 |
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What is the normal PT/INR |
11-16/1.1-1.6 |
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what is a normal glucose range? |
70-99 |
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what is a normal glucose range? |
70-99 |
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what is a normal A1c? |
4-6 |
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what is a normal BUN? |
6-20 |
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what is a normal BUN? |
6-20 |
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what is a normal creatine? |
0.2-1 |
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what is a normal AST? |
10-30 |
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what is a normal ALT? |
10-40 |
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what is a normal amylase? |
30-122 |
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what is a normal amylase? |
30-122 |
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what is a normal lipase? |
31-186 |
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what is a normal amylase? |
30-122 |
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what is a normal lipase? |
31-186 |
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what is a normal BNP? |
less than 100 |
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what is a normal amylase? |
30-122 |
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what is a normal lipase? |
31-186 |
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what is a normal BNP? |
less than 100 |
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what is a normal troponin? |
less than 0.5 |
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what is a normal amylase? |
30-122 |
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what is a normal lipase? |
31-186 |
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what is a normal BNP? |
less than 100 |
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what is a normal troponin? |
less than 0.5 |
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What is a normal HDL? |
male greater than 40 female greater than 50 |
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what is a normal amylase? |
30-122 |
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what is a normal lipase? |
31-186 |
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what is a normal BNP? |
less than 100 |
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what is a normal troponin? |
less than 0.5 |
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What is a normal HDL? |
male greater than 40 female greater than 50 |
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what is a normal LDL? |
100-129 |
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what is a normal amylase? |
30-122 |
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what is a normal lipase? |
31-186 |
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what is a normal BNP? |
less than 100 |
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what is a normal troponin? |
less than 0.5 |
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What is a normal HDL? |
male greater than 40 female greater than 50 |
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what is a normal LDL? |
100-129 |
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what is a normal c-reactive protein? |
6.8-820 |
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what does a high wbc indicate? |
infection |
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what does a high wbc indicate? |
infection |
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what does a high rbc indicate? |
smoking, dehydration |
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what does a high wbc indicate? |
infection |
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what does a high rbc indicate? |
smoking, dehydration |
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what does a low rbc indicate? |
anemia |
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what does a high hematocrit indicate? |
dehydration |
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what does a low hematocrit indicate? |
anemia hemorrhage |
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what does a low hematocrit indicate? |
anemia hemorrhage |
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what do high platelets indicate? |
infection cirrhosis chronic pancreatitis |
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what do low platelets indicate? |
medication side effects leukemia |
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what could cause high potassium? |
diabetic ketoacidosis acute kidney injury tissue destruction |
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what could cause high potassium? |
diabetic ketoacidosis acute kidney injury tissue destruction |
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what could cause low potassium? |
diarrhea diuretics vomiting |
