Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In general B-complex deficiencies result in these three findings: |
Dermatitis |
|
Name the vitamin that leads to this deficiency:
Night blindness, dry skin |
Vitamin A
|
|
Signs of Vitamin A excess:
|
Athralgias, Fatigue, HA, Skin changes, sore throat, alopecia
|
|
Beriberi and Wernicke-korsakoff is associated with this deficiency:
|
vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
|
|
Thiamine is used as a cofactor in two places. Name them:
|
Decarboxylation of alpha-keto acids (pyruvate, alpha-ketogluterate)
Cofactor for transketolase in the HMP shunt |
|
Thiamine is specifically used in which step of the TCA cycle
|
Transformation of alpha-keto gluterate to succinyl CoA. |
|
Signs of DRY beri beri:
|
Polyneruritis, Muscle wasting |
|
Manifestations of Vitamin B2 deficiency:
|
Angular stomatitis |
|
Biological role of B2
|
Cofactor in oxidation and reduction
Think FAD and FMN |
|
What is another name for B2
|
Riboflavin
|
|
Two metabolic diseases associated with Niacin deficiency:
|
Hartnups (impaired transport of tryptophan in intestine)
Blue diaper syndrome (impaired transport of tryptophan in kidney) |
|
Pallagra is assocated with this vitamin deficiency:
|
B3
|
|
This vitamin is good friends with niacin: |
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) |
|
3-Ds of pallagra:
|
Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia
|
|
Smptoms of B5 deficiency:
|
Dermatitis, enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency |
|
What is another name for Vitamin B5?
|
Pantothenate
|
|
Which vitamin is a co-factor for CoA and fatty acid synthase?
|
B5
|
|
Describe the changes you would see on a blood smear of someone who is B12 deficient:
|
Hypersegmented neurophils, increased MCV |
|
Symptoms of B6 deficiency:
|
Convulsions, hyperirritability, peripheral neuropathy
|
|
Which vitamin is used in transamination reactions:
What are these reactions used for? |
B6
Used for decarboxylation and heme synthesis |
|
Test for thiamine defiency:
|
Erythrocyte transketolase
|
|
Besides macrocytic megaloblastic anemia, what other symptoms do you see with b12 deficiency?
|
Neurological symptoms (optic neuropathy, subacute combined degeneration, paresthesia), glossitis
|
|
Which vitamin is a cofactor for homocysteine methylation?
|
B12
Homocysteine + N-metTHF -> Methionine + THF & Methylmalonyl-Coa->Succinyl Coa |
|
When you see a patient presenting with nail problems and dysphagia, what is the deficiency?
|
Iron
|
|
Which are alcoholics more likely to get: B12 deficiency or folic acid?
|
Folic acid
|
|
How can you tell B12 and folic acid deficiency apart based on their clinical presentations?
|
B12 deficiency shows neural problems (and glossitis) while folic acid has no neural problems
|
|
Which deficiency is associated with antibiotic use and ingestion of raw eggs?
|
Biotin
|
|
In general, biotin is associated with carboxylation reactions... Name 3 of them
|
Pyruvate to oxaloacetate
Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA Propionyl-CoA to methymalonyl-CoA |
|
Which vitamin facilitates iron absorption by keeping iron in the reduced state?
(Hint-it's also a cofactor in the conversion of Dopamine to norepinephrine) |
Vitamin C
|
|
Which of the following is formed in sun-exposed skin?
Ergocalciferol Cholecalciferol |
Cholecalciferol
|
|
Which fat-soluble vitamin is important for erythrocytes?
|
Vitamin E
|
|
Which disease does Vitamin E deficiency most resemble? |
Fredrich's Ataxia
(Demyelination of dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal tract, and spinocerebellar tract. |
|
Describe what bleeding time, PT, and PTT would be in a neonate who is vitamin K deficient:
|
Normal bleeding time, increase PT and PTT
|
|
Although it's not a vitamin per se, what amino acid becomes essential in someone with PKU?
|
Tyrosine
|
|
Cofactor needed for cystathionine synthase: |
B6 |