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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Borrelia stain
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giemsa
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plasmodium stain
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giemsa
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trypanosomes stain
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giemsa
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chlamydia stain
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giemsa
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stains glycogen, mucopolysaccharides
diagnose Whipple's disease |
PAS
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acid fast bacteria stain
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Ziehl Neelsen
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cryptococcus neoformans stain
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india ink
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legionella, fungi stain
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silver stain
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myobacteria, nocardia sputum
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auramine-rhodamine
confirmed with acid fast stain |
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H. influenzae culture
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chooclate agar + factors V (NAD) and X (hematin)
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N. gonorrhoeae culture
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thayer-martin
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B. pertussis culture
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Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar
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C. diphtheriae culture
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tellurite plate, Loffler's media
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M. tuberculosis culture
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Lowenstein-Jensen agar
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M. pneumoniae culture
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Eaton's agar
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E. coli culture
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Eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar
see blue-black colonies with metallic sheen |
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lactose-fermenting enterics culture
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MacConkey's agar
pink colonies |
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Legionella culture
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charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with iron and cysteine
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fungi culture
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Sabouraud's agar
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obligate aerobes
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Nagging Pests Must Breathe--
Nocardia Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacillus |
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obligate anaerobes
lack catalase/superoxide dismutase (susceptible to oxidative damage) |
Can't Breathe Air--
Clostridium Bacteroides Actinomyces |
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What types of bacteria not susceptible to aminoglycosides?
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obligate anaerobes
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obligate intracellular
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Really Cold (can't make own ATP)
Rickettsia Chlamydia |
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facultative intracellular
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Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY--
Salmonella Neisseria Brucella Mycobacterium Listeria Francisella Legionella Yersinia |
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how to test if encapsulated bacteria?
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positive quellung reaction (capsule swells)
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encapsulated bacteria
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Some Nasties Have Kapsules--
S. pneumoniae N. meninigitidis H. influenzae (B serotype) Klebsiella pneumoniae have antiphagocytic capsule |
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urease positive
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Particular Kinds Have Urease--
Proteus Klebsiella H. pylori Ureaplasma Nocardia Cryptococcus |
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yellow pigment
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S. aureus
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blue green pigment
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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red pigment
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Serratia marcescens
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Protein A
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S. aureus
binds Fc-Ig, disrupts opsoniz/phag |
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IgA protease
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S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae Neisseria |
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M protein
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Group A strep (S. pyogenes)
helps prevent phagocytosis |
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S. aureus exotoxin?
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TSST-1 (superAg)
TSS (fever, rash, shock) S. aureus also produces enterotoxins, exfoliatin |
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S. pyogenes exotoxin?
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erythrogenic toxin (superAg)
scarlet fever |
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Corynebacterium diphtheriae exotoxin?
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AB toxin, inactivates EF-2
pharyngitis, pseudomembrane in throat |
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Vibrio cholerae exotoxin
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AB toxin, ADP ribosylation G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase
increased pumping Cl- into gut, decreased Na absorption rice water diarrhea |
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E. coli exotoxin
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AB toxin
heat labile stimulates adenylate cyclase heat stabile stimulates guanylate cyclase both cause watery diarrhea |
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Bordetella pertussis exotoxin
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AB toxin
increases cAMP via inh Galpha-i whooping cough lymphocytosis (inhibit chemokine R) |
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Clostridium perfringens exotoxin
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alpha (lecithinase) toxin
gas gangrene double zone hemolysis (blood agar) |
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C. tetani exotoxin
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tetanoplasmin
blocks release GABA/Glycine release "lockjaw" |
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C. botulinum exotoxin
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botulinum
blocks release ACh anticholinergic symptoms, CNS paralysis (esp CN) |
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Bacillus anthracis exotoxin
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protective Ag (B component)
lethal factor edema factor (adenylate cyclase) |
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Shigella exotoxin
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Shiga toxin
cleaves host cell 60S rRNA HUS |
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S. pyogenes exotoxin
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Streptolysin O (hemolysin)
Ag for ASO Ab (diag rheumatic fever) SMASHED-- Streptolysins M protein Anti C5A peptidase streptokinase hyaluronidase exotoxin DNAses |
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Similar to Pseudomonas exotoxin A?
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Corynebacterium AB toxin (inactivates EF-2)
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also produced by E. coli O157:H7?
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Shiga toxin
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cAMP inducers?
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vibrio cholerae toxin
pertussis toxin E. coli (heat labile toxin) Bacillus anthracis toxin (edema factor) |
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vibrio cholerae toxin MOA?
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permanently activates Gs (ADP ribosylation) causing rice water diarrhea
turns the "on" on |
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Pertussis toxin MOA?
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permanently disables Gi (ADP ribosylation) causing whooping cough
turns the "off" off |
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B. anthracis edema factor MOA?
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edema factor itself is a bact adenylate cyclase (increases cAMP)
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what does endotoxin (esp lipid A) activate?
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macrophages
C' (alternative pathway) Hageman factor |
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bacterial toxins encoded in lysogenic phage?
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ABCDE--
shigA-like toxin Botulinum toxin (certain strains) Cholera toxin Diphtheria toxin Erythrogenic toxin of S. pyogenes |
