Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Fever, released from activated macrophages
|
IL-1, from endotoxin (esp. Lipid A)
|
|
|
Fever, hemorrhagic, tissue necrosis, released from activated macrophages
|
TNF, from endotoxin (esp. Lipid A)
|
|
|
Hypotension (shock), released from activated macrophages
|
Nitric oxide, from endotoxin (esp. Lipid A)
|
|
|
Hypotension, edema, released from activated alt. complement pathway
|
C3a, from endotoxin (esp. Lipid A)
|
|
|
Neutrophil chemotaxis, released from activated alt. complement pathway
|
C5a, from endotoxin (esp. Lipid A)
|
|
|
Coagulation cascade, DIC, via activated Hageman factor
|
Endotoxin (esp. lipid A)
|
|
|
MGMG. GG.
|
MeninGococci ferment Maltose and Glucose. Gonococci ferment Glucose. --> Neisseria species are differentiated on the basis of sugar fermentation.
|
|
|
AERUGula is green.
|
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is blue-green; S. aureus is yellow/gold; Serratia marcescens is the color of red maraschino cherries!
|
|
|
NO StRES
|
Identification of Staphylococci: NOvobiocin-Saprophyticus is Resistant; Epidermidis is Sensitive
|
|
|
OVRPS (overpass)
|
Identification of Streptococci: Optochin-Viridans is Resistant; Pneumoniae is Sensitive
|
|
|
B-BRAS
|
Identification of Streptococci w/ Bacitracin: group B strep are Resistant; group A strep are Sensitive
|
|
|
Clostridium (anaerobe), Corynebacterium, Listeria, and Bacillus are classified as...
|
...Gram-+ bacili/rods
|
|
|
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are classified as...
|
...Gram-+ cocci
|
|
|
Neisseria meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae are classified as...
|
...Gram-neg cocci
|
|
|
H. flu, Pasteurella (animal bites), Brucella, and Bordetella pertussis are classified as...
|
...gram-neg "coccoid" rods
|
|
|
Klebsiella, E. coli, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia, Shigella, Salmonella, Proteus, and Pseudomonas are classified as...
|
...Gram-neg rods.
|
|
|
ABCDE - genetic code for a bacterial toxin encoded in a lysogenic phage.
|
ShigellA-like toxin
Botulinum toxin (certain strains) Cholera toxin Diphtheria toxin Erythrogenic toxin of Strep pyogenes |
|
|
Nagging Pests Must Breath.
|
Nocardia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacillus (Obligate Aerobes) |
|
|
AER AER
|
P. AERuginosa is an AERobe seen in burn wounds, nosocomial pneumonia, and pneumonias in cystic fibrosis patients.
|
|
|
Anaerobes know their ABCs.
|
Acintomyces
Bacteroides Clostridium Lack catalase and/or SOD and are thus susceptible to oxidative damage. |
|
|
O2 O2 (anaerobes)
|
AminO2glycosides are ineffective against anaerobes because these antibiotics require O2 to enter into bacterial cell.
|
|
|
Stay inside when it is Really Cold.
|
Rickettsia
Chlamydia (Obligate intracellular that can't make their own ATP) |
|
|
Quellung = capsular "swellung"
|
Pos. quellung rxn - if encapsulated bug is present, capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
|
|
|
Capsule serve as antigen in the vaccines for...
|
Pneumovax
H. flu B Neisseria meningitidis |
|
|
Why conjugation with protein for polysac capsule vaccines?
|
Conjugation with protein increases IMMUNOGENICITY and T-cell dependent response.
|
|
|
H. pylori
Proteus Klebsiella Ureaplasma |
Urease-positive bugs
|
|
|
Alpha-hemolytic bacteria
|
1. Strep pneumoniae
2. Viridans streptococci Distinguish the 2 via OVRPS |
|
|
Beta-hemolytic bacteria
|
1. Staph aureus (cat/coag positive)
2. Strep pyogenes 3. Strep agalactiae 4. Listeria monocytogenes |
|
|
S. aereus vs S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus
|
S. aureus makes catalase while the other two do not. Distinguish the other 2 with NOStRES.
|
