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276 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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actinic keratosis
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often precedes squamous cell carcinoma
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Addison's disease
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primary adrenocortical deficiency
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Albright's syndrome
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"polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls"
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albuminocytologic dissociation
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Guillain-Barre (increase protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count)
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Alport's syndrome
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hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness
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anti-basement membrane
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Goodpasture's syndrome
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anticentromere antibodies
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scleroderma (CREST)
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anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies)
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SLE (type III hypersensitivity)
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anti-epithelial cell antibodies
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pemphigus vulgaris
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antigliadin antibodies
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celiac disease
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antihistone antibodies
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drug-induced SLE
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anti IgG antibodies
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rheumatoid arthritis
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antimitochondrial antibodies
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primary biliary cirrhosis
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antineutrophil antibodies
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vasculitis
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antiplatelet antibodies
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idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
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arachnodactyly
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Marfan's syndrome
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Argyll Robertson pupil
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neurosyphilis
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Arnold-Chiari malformation
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cerebellar tonsilar herniation
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Aschoff bodies
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rheumatic fever
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atrophy of the mamillary bodies
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Wernicke's encephalopathy
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Auer rods
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acute myelogenous leukemia (esp. the promyelocytic type)
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autosplenectomy
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sickle cell anemia
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Babinski's sign
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UMN lesion
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Baker's cyst in popliteal fossa
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rheumatoid arthritis
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"bamboo spine" on x-ray"
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ankylosing spondylitis
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Bartter's syndrome
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hyperreninemia
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basophilic stippling of RBCs
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lead poisoning
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Becker's muscular dystrophy
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defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's
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Bell's palsy
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LMN CN VII palsy
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Bence Jones proteins
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multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine), Waldenstrom's macroglobunemia (IgM)
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Berger's disease
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IgA nephropathy
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Bernard-Soulier disease
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defect in platelet adhesion
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"bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis"
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Sarcoidosis
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Birbeck granules on EM
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histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
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bloody tap on LP
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subarachnoid hemorrhage
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"blue bloater"
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chronic bronchitis
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blue-domed cysts
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fibrocystic change of breast
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blue sclera
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osteogenesis imperfecta
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boot-shaped heart on x-ray
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Tetrology of Fallot; RVH
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Bouchard's nodes
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osteoarthritis (PIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)
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Boutonniere's deformity
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rheumatoid arthritis
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branching rods in oral infection
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actinomyces israelii
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brown tumor of bone
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hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts: 1. hyperparathyroidism 2. osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen's disease of bone)
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Brushfield's spots
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Down's syndrome
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Bruton's disease
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X-linked agammaglobulinemia
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Budd-Chiari syndrome
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posthepatic venous thrombosis
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Buerger's disease
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small/medium artery vasculitis
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Burkitt's lymphoma
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8:14 translocation; associated with EBV
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Burton's lines
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lead poisoning
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"C-ANCA, P-ANCA"
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Wegener's Granulomatosis, Polyarteritis nodosa
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cafe au lait spots on skin
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neurofibromatosis I
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Caisson disease
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gas emboli
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calf pseudohypertrophy
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Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
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Call-Exner bodies
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granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary
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cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
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Chagas' disease
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cerebriform nuclei
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mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)
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Chagas' disease
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trypanosome cruzi infection
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chancre
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primary syphilis (painless)
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chancroid
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haemophilus ducreyi (painful)
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Charcot's triad
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multiple sclerosis: (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech); cholangitis: (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)
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Charcot-Leyden crystals
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bronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)
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Chediak-Higashi disease
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phagocyte deficiency
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cherry-red spot on the macula
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Tay Sachs, Niemann-Pick disease, central retinal artery occlusion
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Cheyne-Stokes respirations
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central apnea in CHF and + intracranial pressure
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Chocolate cysts
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endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)
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chronic atrophic gastritis
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predisposition to gastric carcinoma
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Chvostek's sign
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hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping)
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clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
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DES exposure in utero
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clue cells
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gardnerella vaginitis
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Codman's triangle on x-ray
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osteosarcoma
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cold agglutinins
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mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis
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cold intolerance
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hypothyroidism
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condylomata lata
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secondary syphilis
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continuous machinery murmur
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patent ductus arteriosus
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Cori's disease
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debranching enzyme deficiency
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Cotton-wool spots
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chronic hypertension
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cough, conjunctivitis, coryza + fever
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measles
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councilman bodies
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toxic or viral hepatitis
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Cowdry type A bodies
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herpesvirus
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crescents in Bowman's capsule
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rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
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Crigler-Najjar syndrome
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congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
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Curling's ulcer
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acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
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currant-jelly sputum
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klebsiella
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Curschmann's spirals
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bronchial asthma (whorled mucous plugs)
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Cushing's ulcer
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acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
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D dimers
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DIC
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depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
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Parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder - rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)
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dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
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Pellagra (Niacin, vitamin b3 deficiency)
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diabetes insipidus + exophthalmos + lesions of skull
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Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
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bug from dog or cat bite
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pasteurella multocida
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Donovan bodies
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granuloma inguinale (Calymmatobacterium granulomatis)
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Dressler's syndrome
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post-MI fibrinous pericarditis
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Dubin-Johnson syndrome
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congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver) Autosomal Recessive
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Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
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deleted dystrophin gene (X-linked recessive)
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eburnation
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osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
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Edward's syndrome
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trisomy 18 associated with rocker-bottom feet, low-set ears, and heart disease
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Eisenmenger's complex
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late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L to R shunt becomes R to L shunt)
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elastic skin
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Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
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Erb-Duchenne palsy
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superior trunk brachial plexus injury (waiter's tip)
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erythema chronicum migrans
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Lyme disease
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Fanconi's syndrome
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proximal tubular reabsorption defect
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Fat, female, fertile, forty
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Acute cholecystitis
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fatty liver
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alcoholism
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ferruginous bodies
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asbestosis
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Gardner's syndrome
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colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors
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Gaucher's disease
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glucocerebrosidase deficiency
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Ghon focus
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primary TB
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Gilbert's syndrome
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benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
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defect in platelet aggregation
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Goodpasture's syndrome
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autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins
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Gowers' maneuver
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Duchenne's (use of patient's arms to help legs pick self off floor)
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Guillan-Barre syndrome
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idiopathic polyneuritis
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"hair-on-end" appearance on x-ray
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beta-thalassemia sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoeisis)
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Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
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chronic progressive histiocytosis
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HbF
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thalassemia major
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HbS
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sickle cell anemia
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hCG elevated
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choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo)
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Heberden's nodes
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osteoarthritis (DIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)
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Heinz bodies
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G6PD deficiency
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura
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hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URIs
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heterophil antibodies
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infectious mononucleosus (EBV)
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high-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy)
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wet beriberi (thiamine, vit b1 deficiency)
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HLA B27
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Reiter's syndrome (reactive arthritis), and ankylosing spondylitis
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HLA DR3 or -DR4
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diabetes mellitus type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells)
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Homer Wright rosettes
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neuroblastoma
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honeycomb lung on x-ray
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interstitial fibrosis
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Horner's syndrome
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ptosis, miosis and anhidrosis (on the side of a sympathetic palsy)
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Howell-Jolly bodies
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splenectomy (or nonfunctional speen)
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Huntington's disease
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caudate degeneration (autosomal dominant)
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hyperphagia + hypersexuality + hyperorality + hyperdocility
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Kluver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)
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hyperpigmentation of the skin
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primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
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hypersegmented neutrophils
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macrocytic anemia
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hypertension + hypokalemia
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Conn's syndrome (primary aldosteronism)
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hypochromic microcytosis
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iron deficiency anemia, lead poisioning
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increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid / maternal serum
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anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)
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increase uric acid levels
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Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics
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intussusception
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adenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer's patches)
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Janeway lesions
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endocarditis
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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
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syphilis - overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms due to rapid lysis
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Job's syndrome
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neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality
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Karposi's sarcoma
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AIDS in MSM (men who have sex with men)
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Kartagener's syndrome
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dynein defect
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Kayser-Fleischer rings
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Wilson's disease
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Keratin pearls
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squamous cell carcinoma
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Kimmelstein Wilson nodules
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diabetic nephropathy
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Kluver Bucy syndrome
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bilateral amygdala lesions
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Koilocytes
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HPV - perinuclear halo, condyloma acuminatum
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Koplik spots
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measles - bluishgray spots
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Krukenberg tumor
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gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastases
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Kussmaul hyperpnea
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diabetic ketoacidosis
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lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hyperflexibility
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Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin defect)
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Lesch Nyhan syndrome
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HGPRT deficiency
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Lewy bodies
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Parkinson's disease
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Libman Sacks disease
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endocarditis associated with SLE
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Lines of Zahn
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arterial thrombus
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Lisch nodules
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neurofibromatosis I (von Recklinghausen's disease)
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low serum ceruloplasmin
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Wilson's disease
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Lucid interval
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epidural hematoma
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"lumpy bumpy" appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence
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poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
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lytic bone lesions on x-ray
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multiple myeloma
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Mallory bodies
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alcoholic liver disease
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome
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esophagogastic lacerations
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McArdle's disease
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muscle phosphorylase deficiency
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McBurney's sign
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appendicitis
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MLF (medial longitudinal fasciculus) syndrome (INO - internuclear ophthalmoplegia)
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multiple sclerosis
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monoclonal antibody spike
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"multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA), MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), Walderstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia
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myxedema
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hypothyroidism
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necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
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Wegener's and Goodpasture's (hemoptysis and glomerular disease)
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needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals
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Gout
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Negri bodies
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rabies
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nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss
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Alport's syndrome
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neurofibrillary tangles
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Alzheimer's disease
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Niemann Pick disease
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sphingomyelinase deficiency
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no lactation postpartum
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Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction)
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nutmeg liver
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CHF
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occupational exposure to asbestos
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malignant mesothelioma
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"Orphan Annie" nuclei
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papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
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Osler's nodes
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endocarditis (painfull)
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owl's eye
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CMV
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painless jaundice
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pancreatic cancer (head)
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palpable purpura on legs and buttocks
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Henoch Schonlein purpura
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Pancoast's tumor
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bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner's syndrome
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Pannus
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rheumatoid arthritis
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Parkinson's disease
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nigrostriatal dopamine depletion
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periosteal elevation on x-ray
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pyogenic osteomyelitis
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Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
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benign polyposis
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Peyronie's disease
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penile fibrosis
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Philadelphia chromosome
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bcr-abl, CML (may sometimes be associated with AML)
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Pick bodies
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Pick's disease
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Pick's disease
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"progressive dementia, similar to Alzheimer's"
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"pink puffer"
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"emphysema (centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency])"
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Plummer-Vinson syndrome
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esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia
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Podagra
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gout (MP joint of hallux)
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podocyte fusion
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minimal change disease
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polyneuropathy, cardiac pathology and edema
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dry beriberi (thiamine, vit b1 deficiency)
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polyneuropathy preceded by GI or respiratory infection
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Guillan Barre syndrome
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Pompe's disease
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lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly
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port-wine stain
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hemangioma
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positive anterior drawer sign
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anterior cruciate ligament injury
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Pott's disease
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vertebral tuberculosis
|
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pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement
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glioblastoma multiforme
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pseudorosettes
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Ewing's sarcoma
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ptosis miosis and anhidrosis
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Horner's syndrome (Pancoast's tumor)
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rash on palms and soles
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secondary syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
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Raynaud's syndrome
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recurrent vasospasm in extremities
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RBC casts in urine
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acute glomerulonephritis
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recurrent pulmonary Pseudomonas and S. aureus infections
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cystic fibrosis
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red urine in the morning
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paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
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Reed-Sternberg cells
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Hodgkin's lymphoma
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Reid index (increased)
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chronic bronchitis
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Reinke crystals
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Leydig cell tumor
|
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Reiter's syndrome
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urethritis, conjunctivitis and arthritis
|
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renal cell carcinoma + cavernous hemangiomas + adenomas
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von Hippel-Lindau disease
|
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renal epithelial casts in urine
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acute toxic/viral nephrosis
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rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent
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pseudogout
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rib notching
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coarctation of the aorta
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Roth's spots in retina
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endocarditis
|
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Rotor's syndrome
|
congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
|
|
|
Rouleaux formations (RBCs)
|
multiple myeloma
|
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Russell bodies
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multiple myeloma
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S3
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L to R shunt (VSD, PDA, ASD), mitral regurg, LV failure (CHF)
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S4
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aortic stenosis, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis
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Schiller-Duval bodies
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yolk sac tumor
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senile plaques
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Alzheimer's disease
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Sezary syndrome
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cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
|
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Sheehan's syndrome
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postpartum pituitary necrosis
|
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Shwartzman reaction
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Neisseria meningitidis
|
|
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signet-ring cells
|
gastric carcinoma
|
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Simian crease
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Down's syndrome
|
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Sipple's syndrome
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MEN type IIa
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Sjorgen's syndrome
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dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
|
|
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skip lesions
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Crohn's
|
|
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slapped cheek appearance
|
erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
|
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Smith antigen
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SLE
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smudge cell
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CLL
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soap bubble on the x-ray
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giant cell tumor of bone
|
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spike and dome on EM
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membranous glomerulonephritis
|
|
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Spitz nevus
|
benign juvenile melanoma
|
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splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
|
endocarditis
|
|
|
starry-sky pattern
|
Burkitt's lymphoma
|
|
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strawberry tongue
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Scarlet fever
|
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streaky ovaries
|
Turner's syndrome
|
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string sign on x-ray
|
Crohn's disease
|
|
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subepithelial humps on EM
|
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
|
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suboccipital lymphadenopathy
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Rubella
|
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sulfur granules
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Actinomyces israelii
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|
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swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemia
|
Scurvy (ascorbic acid, Vit C deficiency) -- vit C is necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis
|
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systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)
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aortic valve stenosis
|
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t(8;14)
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Burkitt's lymphoma (c-myc activation)
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t(9;22)
|
Philadelphia chromosome, CML (bcr-abl) hybrid
|
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t(14;18)
|
follicular lymphomas (bcl-2) activation
|
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tabes dorsalis
|
tertiary syphilis
|
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tendon xanthomas (classically Achilles)
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familial hypercholesterolemia
|
|
|
thumb sign on lateral x-ray
|
epitglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)
|
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thyroidization of kidney
|
chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
|
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|
tophi
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chalky accumulations of uric acid in gout
|
|
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"tram-track" appearance on LM
|
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
|
|
|
Trousseau's sign
|
visceral cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (migratory thrombophlebitis), hypocalcemia from calcium soaps (carpal spasm)
|
|
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Virchow's node
|
left supraclavicular node enlargement from metastatic carcinoma of the stomach
|
|
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Virchow's triad
|
pulmonary embolism (triad: blood stasis, endothelial damage, hypercoagulability)
|
|
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von Recklinghausen's disease
|
neurofibromatosis I with cafe au lait spots
|
|
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von Recklinghausen's disease of bone
|
osteitis fibrosa cystica (brown tumor)
|
|
|
Wallenberg's syndrome
|
PICA thrombosis
|
|
|
Waterhouse-Friedrichsen sydrome
|
adrenal hemorrhage associated with meningococcemia
|
|
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Waxy casts
|
chronic end-stage renal disease
|
|
|
WBC casts in urine
|
acute pyelonephritis
|
|
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WBCs in urine
|
acute cystitis
|
|
|
Wermer's syndrome
|
MEN type I
|
|
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Whipple's disease
|
malabsorption syndrome caused by Tropheryma whippelii
|
|
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Wilson's disease
|
hepatolenticular degeneration
|
|
|
"wire loop" appearance on LM
|
Lupus nephropathy
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"worst headache of my life"
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Berry aneuryism - associate with adult polycystic kidney disease
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xanthochromia (CSF)
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subarachnoid hemorrhage
yellow appearance of centrifugated fluid |
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xerostomia + arthritis + keratoconjunctivitis sicca
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Sjorgen's syndrome
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Zenker's diverticulum
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upper GI diverticulum
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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gastrin-secreting tumor associated with ulcers
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