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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Self Aid? |
Emergency treatment one applies to oneself |
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Name some items that you might use as a splint from your military equipment
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Bayonet Rifle Entrenching tool Tent poles stakes Web belt |
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What is the quickest way to splint a broken leg? |
Tie the broken leg securely to the unbroken leg |
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How many pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding with fingers, thumbs or hands are there on the human body?
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11 |
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What is the objective of first aid?
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1. To stop bleeding
2. Overcome shock 3. Relieve pain 4. Prevent infection |
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What FM covers first aid for soldiers?
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FM 4-25.11 |
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What is First Aid?
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It is the first care given to casualties before treatment by medical personnel can be made available |
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What is the unique feature of type "O" blood?
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It is a universal donor
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When would you not remove a casualties clothing to expose a wound?
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If in a chemical environment or if the clothing is stuck to the wound |
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What soldiers are most likely to suffer heat injuries?
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Soldiers not accustomed to the heat overweight soldiers prior heat casualties soldiers already dehydrated |
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How high should an injured limb be elevated above the heart to control bleeding?
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2 to 4 inches |
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What are the lifesaving steps? |
1. Open the airway and restore breathing 2. Stop the bleeding & Protect the wound 3. Prevent shock |
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When applying splint, where should the bandages be tied? |
The bandages should be tied with knots against the splint |
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Whose first aid dressing should be used on a casualty? |
Use the casualty’s field dressing. |
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How should the ends of an improved pressure dressing be tied?
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Tie the ends together in a nonslip knot, directly over the wound site. |
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Should a casualty be given water to drink?
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He should not eat or drink
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Why should you dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible?
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To protect the wound from further contamination of germs, and also to control the bleeding |
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What should you do to indicate that a casualty has received a tourniquet?
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Mark his or her forehead with a T and if possible, note the time of the application of the tourniquet |
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Should you ever remove or loosen a tourniquet?
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No, only qualified medical personnel can do that |
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Where is a tourniquet applied?
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Place the tourniquet around the limb, between the wound and the body trunk and for maximum effectiveness, should be placed on the upper arm or above the knee on the thigh. |
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How can you prevent athlete's foot?
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Keep your feet clean, use foot powder and change socks daily
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Name 3 categories of heat injuries
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1. Heat cramps 2. Heat exhaustion 3. Heat stroke |
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What are the signs and symptoms of heat cramps?
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1. Cramping in the extremities (arms and legs) 2. Abdominal Cramps (stomach) 3. Excessive Sweating |
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If a casualty were suspected of having a neck/spinal injury or severe head trauma, which method would you use for opening an airway? |
The jaw thrust technique, because in most cases it can be done without extending the neck |
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What are two basic types of fractures?
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1. Open (compound) 2. Closed (simple) |
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What are some signs of an open fracture?
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Bleeding |
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What are some signs of a closed fracture?
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Swelling |
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With an open fracture, what should you do first?
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Stop the bleeding
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What is the basic proven principle in splinting fractures?
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"Splint them where they lie"
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How tight should tourniquet be?
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Tightened until the bright red bleeding has stopped. |
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What are the three types of bleeding?
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1. Arterial 2. Venous 3. Capillary |
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Name 4 common points for checking pulse
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1. Carotid 2. Femoral 3. Radial 4. Posterial Tibial |
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What are some signs/symptoms of shock?
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Clammy skin Restlessness Nervousness Thirst Loss of blood Confusion Fast breathing Nausea Vomiting Blotched Often perspires freely May pass out |
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What is a heat injury? |
A loss of water and salt, loss of sweat while personnel work in the heat, a general dehydration of the body |
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What is the greatest preventive measure for disease?
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Cleanliness |
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How do you stop bleeding? |
Apply a: Field dressing Manual pressure Elevate the limb Pressure dressing Digital Pressure Tourniquet |
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What is CPR?
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it is used to restore a heart beat
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When can measures taken to restore breathing in an individual be discontinued?
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When a doctor tells you to stop |
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What is AIDS?
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AIDS is the end stage of the HIV infection. |
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Name two types of rescue breathing
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1. Mouth to mouth 2. Mouth to nose |
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What do the letters AIDS stand for?
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
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When should a casualty not be placed in the shock position? |
When the casualty has a Head injury, Abdoinal wound, Fractured (unsplinted) leg |
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How long is direct manual pressure applied to control bleeding? |
5 to 10 minutes
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What should you do prior to leaving an unconscious casualty? |
Turn their head to the side to prevent them from choking on their own vomit
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When should a tourniquet be used to stop bleeding?
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As a last resort |
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What does COLD stand for?
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Keep it CLEAN, Avoid OVERHEATING, Wear it LOOSE and in layers and Keep it DRY |
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What is the first indication of frostbite?
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Skin becomes numb and white particles/patches form on it |
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What do you do to treat frostbite?
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Remove clothing from the affected area, warm with body heat, dress the area and seek additional medical help |
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When should an airtight dressing be applied to a sucking chest wound?
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As the individual breathes out
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How should you position a casualty with an open abdominal wound?
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On his back with his knees up to relieve abdominal pressure |
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What do you do with exposed abdominal organs? |
Wrap them in dry clean material and place on top of the abdomen (never try to put them back in)
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How do you take the Carotid pulse?
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feel for a pulse on the side of the casualty’s neck closest to you.
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Should you put any medication or cream on a burn?
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No
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Name the four types of burns
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1. Thermal 2. Electrical 3. Chemical 4. Laser |
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What is the primary objective in the treatment of burns? |
Lessen or prevent shock and infection
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What are the three categories used in medical evacuation?
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1. Urgent- within 2 hours 2. Priority- within 4 hours 3. Routine- within 24 hours |
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What is the first step in the first aid of a burn victim?
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Remove the casualty from the source of the burn |
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What are the 2 prescribed methods for opening an airway?
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1. The jaw thrust 2. Head tilt/chin lift methods |
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What is the major cause of tooth decay and gum disease? |
Dental plaque
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