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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What portion of NFPA is for ground ladders?
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NFPA 1001
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What are the (6) Ladder types?
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1. Single Ladder (aka wall ladder, straight ladder)
2. Roof Ladders 3. Folding Ladder (Attic Ladders) 4. Extention Ladders 5. Combination Ladders 6. Pompier Ladders |
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What are the three types of material Ladders are made of?
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Metal
Wood Fiberglass |
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What material has the widest range of sizes?
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Metal
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What material type has the Highest Cost per unit length and Highest Cost of all ladders?
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Wood
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Which material retains strength when exposed to heat or flame?
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Wood
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Which material can suddenly crack and fail when overloaded?
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Fiberglass
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Which material can burn when exposed to flame?
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Fiberglass
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Which type of ladder is used for quick access to windows and roofs on one and two story buildings?
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Single Ladders
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Lenghts of which ladder vary from 6ft to 32ft whith the more common lenthgs between 12ft to 24ft?
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Single Ladders
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What are the length ranges of roof ladders?
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12ft to 24ft
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Which ladders are used for interior attic access?
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Folding ladders
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Which ladder type length is between 8ft and 16ft?
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Folding ladders
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What NFPA is recommended for folding ladders to have foot pads to prevent slipping?
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NFPA 1931
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What lengths do Extention ladders range in?
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12ft to 39ft
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Which type of ladder ranges in 12ft to 39ft?
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Extention ladders
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Folding ladders are between what lengths?
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8ft to 16ft
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What ladders are between 12ft and 24ft?
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Roof ladders
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What are Pole Ladders?
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Extention Ladders with poles that can be extented to the top of the bed sections for added leverage
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What are combination ladders?
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They are ladders that can be self-supporting (A-Fram) and as a single or extention ladder.
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What ladder type ranges from 8ft to 14ft with the most popular being 10ft.
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Combination Ladders
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What is the range in length for Combination Ladders?
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8ft to 14ft with the most common at 10ft
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What ladder has positive lockin devices?
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Combination Ladder
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Which ladder is sometimes reffered to as a Scalling Ladder?
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Pompier Ladder
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What NFPA standards must all ladders in the fire service meet?
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NFPA 1931
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When must Ladders be tested?
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They must be tested before put into service and then annually and after any use that exposes them to high heat or rough use.
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Define Ladder Maintenance:
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Keeping ladders in a state of uslefulness or readiness
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Define Ladder Repair:
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to either restore or replace that which is damagedor worn out.
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Who should maintain ladders?
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All firefighters
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Who should repair ladders?
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Trained technicians
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General guidelines for ladder maintenacne include: (4)
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1. Keep ladders free of moisture
2. Do not store near vehicle exhaust. 3. Do not store where they are exposed to elements. 4. Do not paint ladders except the top and bottom 18 inches for identification purposes. |
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When should ladders be cleaned?
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After every use
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What should be used to clean ground ladders?
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Soft bristle brush and water
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Tar, oil, and grease can be cleaned off a ladder using...?
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Mild soap and water or environmentally safe solevents
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When does NFPA 1932 require ladders to be inspected?
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After each use and monthly
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What should be checked on all ladders when inspecting them? (6)
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1. Heat sensor
2. Rungs for damage and wear 3. Rungs for tightness 4. Bolts and rivets for tightness 5. Welds for cracks 6. Beams and rungs for cracks, splintering, breaks, gouges, checks, wavy conditions, or deformation. |
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What will indicate exposure to heat on a wooden ladder?
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Darkening of the varnish
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What will indicate deterioration of the wood on a wooden ladder?
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Dark streaks in the wood
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NFPA 1901 states that each pumper must carry what ladders? (3)
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1. One straight ladder equipped with roof hooks
2. One extention ladder 3. One attic Ladder |
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Firefighters cannot raise ladders within ____ ft of electrical wires?
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10ft
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On a ladder firefighter must be how far apart?
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either 10ft, or one per section
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How far should the base of the ladder be placed from the building?
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Approximately 1 quarter of the vertical distance from the ground to the point of contact with the wall.
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A residential story averages about ___ft, and the distance from the floor to the windowsill averages about ___ft.
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10ft & 3ft
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A commercial story averages about ___ft from floor to floor, whith a ___ft distance from the floor to the windowsill.
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12ft & 4ft
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How far beyond a roof edge should a ladder be extended to provide both a footing and a handhold for anyone stepping on or off the ladder?
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3-5 rungs
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Where do you place a ladder for ventilation?
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Place the ladder equal to the tip of the window and to the windward (up wind) side.
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Where do you place the ladder for rescue?
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PLace the tip of the ladder just below the windowsill
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What is sorter, the reach or designated length of a ladder?
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The reach
(remember the 75 degree angle will make a ladder shorter then what its maximum length shows.) |
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In the case of extention ladders, how much less can the maximum extended length be to the designated lenght?
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6 inches
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For lengths 35ft or less, reach is approx how much less then the designated length?
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1 foot
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For lengths 35ft or more, reach is approx how much less then the designated length?
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2 feet
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What type of carry is used for two-firefighters with ladders 24ft to 28ft and 35ft extention ladders?
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Two-firefighter low-shoulder carry
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What type of carry is used with three-firefighters for extention ladders up to 35ft in length?
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Three-firefighter flat shoulder carry
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Which way should a firefighter carry a roof ladder with intentions of climbing another ladder and placing that roof ladder on a sloped roof?
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The firefighter should carry the roof ladder in the low-shoulder carry TIP FORWARD with the roof hooks deployed and away from the firefighter.
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Ladder at least ____ points on different sides of a building?
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2 points
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Where should ladders not be placed for raising? (5)
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1. Over windows or doors where they might be exposed to heat or flame.
2. Where they may come in contact with overhead obstructions. 3. Uneven terrain 4. On top of sidewalk elevators, trap doors, or deadlights. 5. Against unstable walls |
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Three percautions before raising a ladder are?
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1. Electrical hazards
2. Position of the Fly Section on extention ladders (FLY OUT) 3. Tying the halyard |
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Two types of raises for Two-firefighter rasing a ladder?
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Flat Raise
Beam Raise |
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For ladders 35ft or longer how many firefighters should be used to raise it?
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At least 3 firefighters
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How many firefighters should be used for shifting a ladder 20ft or less
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1 firefighter
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How many firefighters are needed to shift an extention ladder?
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2 firefighters
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What is heeling?
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Securing the ladder against the building at the butt end with either holding it from behind the ladder or using your foot against the butt
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What is Tying In used for?
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Tying In prevents the ladder from slipping or pulling away from the building.
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How many Firefighters are needed to bring victims down a ladder?
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at least 4 Fire fighters are needed.
(two inside, one on ladder, and one heeling) |
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How are concious vitims lowered?
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Feet First facing building
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How are unconcious victims lowered?
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Fet first, facing building with weight of victim on knee of rescuer.
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How are HEAVY victims lowered on ladders?
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Two ladders are placed side-by-side, one rescuer supports waist and legs, the other supports the victims head and upper torso
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How are small children lowered down a ladder?
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Small children can be cradled in rescuers arms.
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List four factors that contribute to ladder saftey operations?
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1. Develope and maintain upper body strength
2. Operate ladders according to training and procedures. 3. Choose the proper ladder for the job. 4. Use leg muscles when lifting. 5. Not raising ladders within 10ft of electrical wires. 6. Heeling and Tying In Ladders. 7. Inspecting ladders for damage after every use. |
