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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stroke
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An acute focal neurologic deficit due to disturbance in the blood vessels supplying the brain
Ischemic: MOST COMMON Hemorrhagic: Caused by bleeding into brain, higher mortality rate |
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TIA
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UNLIKE A CVA, TIA LASTS FOR LESS THAN 24 HOURS
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Bacterial Meningitis
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PUT IN ISOLATION
IMMEDIATE ABx Tx NO LIGHT Observe for seizures Respiratory isolation |
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Epilepsy
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Electrical disturbances
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What to do when someone is going through a Seizure?
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Protect their head, keep them safe
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Acute pain
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self limiting pain that lasts less than 6 months
often results from injury surgery or invasive medical procedures, or presenting symptom for some infections |
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Migraine without aura
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Most common, Throbbing, sensitive to light and sounds, confused with sinus infection, more common in women, NEV
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Myasthenia Gravis
CM |
Autoimmune disease
loss of Acetylcholine receptors in the neuromuscular junction 3x more common in women then men Ptosis Diplopia these are the initial symptoms |
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Parkinson disease
CM first symptoms |
Degeneration of dopamin
Tremor rigidity bradykinesia |
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Multiple Sclerosis
CM Vision |
Demilenation of myelin sheaths
Nystagmus, Diplopia, Visual clouding |
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Hematomas
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Bleeding from an artery
develop between the skull and the dura, results from a tear in an artery. |
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Bone healing
First stage second stage third stage fourth stage fifth stage |
Hematoma formation
Cellular proliferations: osteoblasts multiply Callous formation: 3-4 week of healing Ossification: fracture has bridged and fragments are united Remodeling: reorganization of newly formed bone along lines of stress |
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Complications of fractures
Delayed union malunion nonunion |
Failure of fracture to heal within predicted time as determined by x-ray
Deformity at fracture site Failure of bone to heal before the process of bone repair stops, evidence on x-ray |
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Fracture blisters
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Skin bullae and blisters representing areas of epidermal necrosis with separation of epidermis from the underlying dermis by edema fluid
Seen with more severe, twisting types of injuries most often occur in the ankle, elbow, foot, knee prevented by early surgical intervention |
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Osteosarcoma
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aggressive and highly malignant bone tumor
most common bone tumor in children and adolescents most commonly arise around the vicinity of the knee Primary clinical fracture: deep localized pain with night time awakening and swelling in the affected bone surgery+chemotherapy prolong pts life keeping limb |
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Ewings sarcoma
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2nd most common type of bone cancer in children and adolescents
typically seen in early teenage years most freqent site: FEMUR CM: pain, limited movement, tenderness over the involved bone or soft tissue, often accompanied by systemic manifesations: fever or wt loss |
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metastic bone disease
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Skeletal metastases are the most common malignancy of osseous tissue
spine, femur, pelvis, ribs, sternum, and skull tumors that frequently spread to bone: breast, lung, prostate, kidney, thyroid Incidence is highest in persons older than 40 years of age |
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Leiomyomas/Fibroad tumors
Most common CM |
Abnormal bleeding
pain |
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Ovarian cancer
Risk factors that decrease CM |
Ages 65-84 years of age
Nullparity - never been pregnant Breast feeding, multiple pregnancies, oral contracceptive use(>5), Ascites(LATE SYMPTOM), pain is a late symptom, general abdominal discomfort, abnormal vaginal bleeding |
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Endometrial Cancer
CM |
Most common gynecological cancer, low mortality rate(94% survival rate if treated early)
Grows slowly and metastasizes late abnormal uterine bleeding pain is a late symptom other s/s related to metastasis |
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cervical cancer
Cm |
Related to HPV
abnormal bleeding, spotting, or discharge |
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Fibrocystic breast disease
manifestations |
Benign condition of the breast
May be accompanying tenderness increases in size and tenderness prior to menses |
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breast cancer risk factors
Manifestations |
estrogen replacement therapy for menopause, pregnancy after age 30, nulliparity
painless nodule poorly delineated nodule fixed, hard nodule that does not change in size during menses |
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post mastectomy care
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Exercise the shoulder once cleared by the surgeon
rest arm, immobilize until surgeon clears for exercise |
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Syphilis
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FLU LIKE SYMPTOMS
RASH ON PALMS |
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Herpes
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very painful, viral
recurrent episodes may be triggered by emotional stress and menses Triggers: infections, sexual intercourse, menses, stress |
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Chlamydia
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Co-exists with gonorrhea
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gonorrhea
CM males |
more common in women
Purulent urethritis, dysuria, profuse(purulent discharge 2-5 days after infection) painful, swollen testicles |
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Vulvovaginal candidiasis
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Tx: take all anti yeast medications,
don't stop meds or the diseases regress and becomes twice as worse |
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Risk factors for bph
Manifestations Surgical therapy |
family history
environment diet DYSURIA urinary frequency bladder pain nocturia incontinence frequent UTI Diminished urine stream Surgery results in some degree of retrograde ejaculation |
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prostate cancer
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Androgen driven: there is an increase in androgens
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Testicular cancer
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Risk factor: non-descending testes at birth or CRYPTORCHIDISM
15-35 males not genetic |
