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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the three different parts of the nervous system that affect the GI system?
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Parasympathetic: Motility
Sympathetic: Decreases Motility Enteric Nervous: Increases Peristaltic Activity |
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What does Peristaltic mean?
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Peristalsis means involuntary contraction passing along the walls. Forces contents onward.
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What is an Emetic?
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An agent that induces vomiting.
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When does an Emetic do and why do you use it?
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Induces Vomiting
Animals that have ingested toxins. Removes about 80% of stomach. Don't give to animals that don't vomit. |
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What are the two types of Emetics?
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Centrally acting
and Locally acting |
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What does the centrally acting emetic do?
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Acts on CRTZ
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What centrally acting emetic drug do you use on dogs commonly?
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apomorphine
can counter with naloxone in overdose |
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What centrally acting emetic drug do you use on cats commonly?
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xylazine
Causes vomiting |
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What are locally acting emetic drugs that will induce vomiting?
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Hydrogen peroxide
Syrup of ipecac |
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What is an Antiemetic?
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It helps control vomiting. Stops vomiting but does not correct underlined problem.
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If you are using an antiemetic how should you start?
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Parenterally (Not Orally)
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What are some centrally acting antiemetic drug?
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Chlorpromazine
prochlorperazine antihistamines (Diphenhydramine) |
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What is a centrally and locally acting antiemetic drug?
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Metoclopramide
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What are the reasons and signs of gastrointestinal ulcers?
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Reasons:
Stress, Metabolic disease, Gastric hyperacidity, NSAIDs, and Corticosteroids Clinical Signs: Anorexia Hematemesis Melena |
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Which receptors do antihistamines block when used to treat ulcers?
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H2 receptors
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Can you identify and treat?
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Cestodes (Tapeworms)
Dipylidium caninum Treatment: Praziquantel |
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Can you identify and treat?
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Nematodes (Roundworms)
Toxocara canis Treatment: Pyrantel pamoate Fenbendazole |
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Can you identify and treat?
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Nematode (hookworm)
Ancylostoma caninum Treatment: Pyrantel pamoate Fenbendazole |
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Can you identify and treat?
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Nematodes (whipworms)
Trichuris vulpis Treatment: Febantel Fenbendazole |
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Can you identify and treat?
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Coccidia
a sporozoa (protozoa) Treatment: Sulfadimethoxine Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim Amprolium |
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Can you identify and treat?
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Giardia
Flagellate protozoa Treatment: Albendazole Metronidazole Fenbendazole |
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What are the antidiarrheal drugs?
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Narcotic analgesics (opiates)
Anticholingergics / Antispasmodics Pectants / Absorbents |
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What are a few Narcotic analgesic (opiate) drugs used for antidiarrhea?
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diphenoxylate (Lomotil)
loperamide (Imodium) |
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What is an anticholinergics / antispasmodic drug used for antidiarrhea?
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aminopentamide
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What is an Pectants / Absorbents drug used for antidiarrhea?
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Bismuth subsalcylate (Pepto-Bismol)
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What are laxatives used for?
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They are used to loosen bowel contents and encourage their evacuation!
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What are some laxatives drugs and other remedies?
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Magnesium Hydroxide
Metamucil Mineral Oils Docusate Sodium (DSS) |
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What do Prokinetic stimulants do?
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Increase motility of GI tract!
Examples: Dopaminergic antagonist (metoclopramide) ... |
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What type of Parasite is this?
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Demodex Mange
Treatment: Amitraz Ivermectin |
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What is pancrezyme used for?
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Replicates the enzymes created by the pancreas to aid in digestion of foods.
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What type of parasite is this?
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Sarcoptic Mange
Treatment: Ivermectin |
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What type of parasites are these?
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Ectoparasites: Fleas & Ticks
Treatments: Sprays, Dips, Shampoos, Dusts, Foggers Fipronil Imidacloprid Lufenuron Selamectin |
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Can you identify this other parasite and how it is treated?
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Nematode (Heartworms)
Dirofilaria immitis Treatment: Melarsomine Dihydrocholoride (Immiticide) Prevention: Ivermectin Milbemycin oxime Selamectin HW Test before Prevention |