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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The high-pitched sound caused by an upper airway obstruction is known as: A: rhonchi B: rales c: gurgling d: stridor |
d: stridor
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Which of the following respiratory processes requires the active use of muscles? A: inhalation B: exhalation C: bifurcation D: gas exchange |
A: inhalation
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The process of air moving in and out of the chest is called: A: inhalation B: respiration C: ventilation D: tidal volume |
C: ventilation
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You are aggressively ventilating an adult patient with a BVM when you notice that his previously strong pulse is getting weaker. You should: A: reduce the volume of ventilations B: increase the concentration of oxygen C: reduce the concentration of oxygen D: begin chest compressions |
A: reduce the volume of ventilations
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Which of the following structures closes over the trachea to protect it during swallowing? A: diaphragm B: Cricoid cartilage C: pharynx D: Epiglottis |
D: Epiglottis
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The net result of respiratory challenges is low oxygen, also called ____, within the body. A: hypoxia B: anoxia C: hypoglycemia D: anorexia |
A: hypoxia
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What is a patent airway? A: an airway that is in need of securing via an oral or nasal pharyngeal airway B: a rigid suction device used to remove fluid and foreign objects from the pharynx to secure the airway C: the condition of the patient's airway at the start of a live saving intervention D: A term used by EMS practitioners to indicate that the patient has a secured and opened airway necessary for life |
D: A term used by EMS practitioners to indicate that the patient has a secured and opened airway necessary for life
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In normal exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax to contract the chest, which creates a positive pressure. This is what type of process? A: active B: inspiration C: passive D: respiration |
C: passive
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A patient breathing in room air should be receiving ______ percent oxygen. A: 21 B: 16 C: 100 D: 5 |
A: 21
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What is FiO2? A: The concentration of oxygen in our inhaled air, which is referred to as the fraction of inspired oxygen B: The flow rate of gases provided to the patient by mask or nasal cannula C: The concentration of gases in our expired air, which is referred to as the fraction of used oxygen D: The amount of oxygen delivered via an airway adjunct in liters per minute |
A: The concentration of oxygen in our inhaled air, which is referred to as the fraction of inspired oxygen
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Before applying a NRB mask, the EMT should take what action? A: insert a properly sized OPA B: Inflate the reservoir bag and make sure the bag does not deflate during inspiration C: Make sure the oxygen supply has greater than 2,000 psi in the tank D: Connect the mask to a humidified oxygen source and wait for the patient's heart rate to slow |
B: Inflate the reservoir bag and make sure the bag does not deflate during inspiration
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The volume of air that is moved in and out of the chest in a normal breath cycle is called: A: Vital capacity B: inspiration C: expiration D: tidal volume |
D: tidal volume
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You are transporting a 44 year old female with chest pain and sudden respiratory distress. She is agitated, anxious and refuses to have a NRB mask applied. Which of the following is the best option? A: Do not make further attempts to administer oxygen as it will only agitate the patient further B: Use a nasal cannula instead c: Have her breather into a paper bag to control her hyperventilation D: Consult with medical control about restraining the patient |
B: Use a nasal cannula instead
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Janie is having difficulty breathing. Her current tidal volume is 350mL and she is breathing at 28 times per minute. What would be her minute volume? A: 12.5 mL B: 342 mL C: 348 mL D: 9,800 mL |
D: 9,800 mL
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Not all inspired air reaches the alveoli; 150 mL is stopped in the airway leading to the alveoli. This is called: A: vital capacity B: tidal volume C: dead air space D: bronchial air |
C: dead air space
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The oxygen flow rate for a nasal cannula should not exceed _____ liters per minute A: 4 B: 8 C: 2 D: 6 |
D: 6
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What type of blood vessels surround the alveoli? A: Capillaries B: Arterioles C: Arteries D: Veins |
A: Capillaries
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A child's _____ takes up proportionally more space in the pharynx than does an adult's. A: cricoid cartilage B: Epiglottis C: trachea D: tongue |
D: tongue
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Which of the following is the best device to deliver high-concentration oxygen to a breathing patient? A: nasal cannula B: simple face mask C: nonrebreather mask D: OPA |
C: nonrebreather mask
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A 21 year old patient presents with labored breathing and audible wheezes, heart rate of 124, respiration 36, he has significantly altered mentation. What is the treatment for the this patient? A: supplement that breaths with high-con oxygen through a NRB mask B: Use a pocket mask, which will provide adequate oxygen to improve the patient's condition C: Give mouth-to-mouth breathing with a nasal cannula, providing the pt with an increase of oxygen D: Ventilate with a BVM with high oxygen or FROPVD |
D: Ventilate with a BVM with high oxygen or FROPVD
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Your patient is a motorcyclist who was ejected after striking a guard rail. The patient is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is breathing shallowly six to right times per minute. Which of the following should you do first? A: apply a NRB mask with an oxygen flow rate of 15lpm B: Use a BVM with supplemental oxygen C: apply a c-collar D: perform a rapid trauma assessment |
B: Use a BVM with supplemental oxygen
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What device is used to perform mouth-to-mask ventilation? A: automatic transport ventilator B: stoma C: bag-valve mask D: pocket face mask |
D: pocket face mask
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A 16 year old patient presents with labored breathing and increased respiratory rate, increased heart rate, and leaning forward with his hands on his knees. His skin is pink and his accurate pulse ox is 96%. The patient is suffering from respiratory: A: failure B: distress C: hypoxia D: arrest |
B: distress
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Which of the following patients does NOT require the administration of supplemental oxygen? A: a 60 year old woman with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who can speak two or three words at a time without a breath B: A 6 year old male with a history of asthma whose breath sounds are silent and who is drowsy C: A 24 year old woman who is breathing 28 times per minute after being in an argument with her husband D: a 31 year old male who is unresponsive due to an overdose of narcotics |
C: A 24 year old woman who is breathing 28 times per minute after being in an argument with her husband
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You have arrived at the scene of a call for a "man down". As you enter the residence you note that your patient is a male in his mid-60's who is awake but does not seem to acknowledge your presence. He is perspiring profusely, has cyanosis of his ears and lips, and has rapid, shallow respirations. Which of the following should you do first? A: listen to his lung sounds B: obtain the pt's medical history C: check for a radial pulse D: assist ventilations with a BVM and supplemental oxygen |
D: assist ventilations with a BVM and supplemental oxygen
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The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the cell membranes from capillaries is: A: external respiration B: dehydration C: oxygenation D: internal respiration |
D: internal respiration
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What are the signs of hypoxia? A: commonly seen as blue or gray skin, deterioriation of pt's mental status like confusion or restlessness B: Shock caused from the lack of blood flowing to the vital organs like the brain and heart that is irreversible C: warm dry skin, with difficulty breathing and hypertension D: disease process that robs the patient of adequate breathing and perfusion |
A: commonly seen as blue or gray skin, deterioriation of pt's mental status like confusion or restlessness
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The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood is called: A: osmosis B: cellular respiration C: pulmonary (external) respiration D: internal respiration |
C: pulmonary (external) respiration
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To calculate the minute volume, you need to multiply what two measurements? A: respiratory rate and bronchial dilation B: alveolar ventilation and respiratory rate C: tidal volume and dead space air D: tidal volume and respiratory rate |
D: tidal volume and respiratory rate
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The normal stimulus to breathe is stimulated by the chemoreceptors that measure the change of what two gases? A: High carbon dioxide and low oxygen B: high carbon monoxide and low oxygen C: high hydrogen and low carbon dioxide D: low hydrogen and high carbon monoxide |
A: High carbon dioxide and low oxygen
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The trachea branches off at the _____ and forms two mainstem bronchi A: carina B: pleura C: bronchioles D: alveoli |
A: carina
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Why is inhalation described as an active process? A: it requires chest muscles to contract and use enrgy to move, creating a negative pressure B: It uses oxygen to assist chest muscles to contract, creating a negative pressure C: It requires the diaphragm to relax and use energy to move, creating a positive pressure D: It requires chest muscles to relax and use energy to move, creating a positive pressure |
A: it requires chest muscles to contract and use enrgy to move, creating a negative pressure
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What signs and symptoms would indicate inadequate breathing in a patient? A: increased effort to breathe, cyanosis, cool clammy skin, altered mental status B: decreased depth of respiration, decreased rate of breathing, hot clammy skin, normal mental status C: rapid breathing, pale skin, and a normal mental status D: Increased effort to breath, increased depth of respiration, pink dry skin, normal mental status |
A: increased effort to breathe, cyanosis, cool clammy skin, altered mental status
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Which of the following is the correct method of suctioning? A: suction continuously, both while inserting and withdrawing the suction tip or catheter B: insert the catheter or tip to the desired depth prior to applying suction C: begin suctioning as you insert the suction tip or catheter into the mouth D: suction intermittently, both while inserting and withdrawing the suction tip or catheter |
B: insert the catheter or tip to the desired depth prior to applying suction
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For life to be maintained, a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is needed. The condition when oxygen levels are low is called: A: hyperventilation B: hypotension C: hypercarbia D: hypoxia |
D: hypoxia
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You have performed a head tilt chin lift maneuver on a 17 month old boy and are attempting to ventilate him with a BVM. You are experiencing a lot of resistance with each breath and the chest is barely rising. Prior to attempting ventilations again you ashould, A: ease the head forward a little B: finger sweep the airway C: tilt the head back further D: perform chest thrusts |
C: tilt the head back further
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When inserting an OPA how many degrees do you need to rotate the airway so the tip is pointing down into the patient's pharynx? A: 180 B: 270 C: 45 D: 90 |
A: 180
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You are ventilating an 85 year old male without difficulty. A nurse tells you that the patient has dentures. To ensure a good mask seal, you should: A: remove the dentures B: leave the dentures in place C: use an infant mask over the nose D: tape the dentures in place |
B: leave the dentures in place
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Which of the following should be kept in mind when assessing and managing the airway of a pediatric patient? A: gastric distention is unlikely B: the tongue is not as likely to obstruct the airway as an adult C: the trachea is easily obstructed by swelling D: due to their short necks, pediatric patients require a greater degree of hyperextension to open the airway than do adults |
C: the trachea is easily obstructed by swelling
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On which of the following types of calls should you bring your portable suction unit to the patient's side upon arrival on the scene? A: motor vehicle collision B: seizure C: cardiac arrest D: all of the above |
D: all of the above
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Which of the following is true concerning the procedure for inserting a NPA? A: it can only be placed in the right nostril B: If a water soluble lubricant is not available, a silicon spray can be substituted C: the bevel should be turned toward the nasal septum D: the length of the device is not as important as it is with OPA's |
C: the bevel should be turned toward the nasal septum
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