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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following is NOT a regulatory function of the endocrine system? A)metabolic rate regulation B)skeletal muscle contraction regulation C)blood glucose regulation D)ion regulation |
B)skeletal muscle contraction regulation |
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The hypothalamus A) rests in the sella turcica B) is also called the neurohypophysis. C) is located inferior to the pituitary gland. D) regulates the secretory activity of the pituitary gland. E) is located superior to the thalamus. |
D) regulates the secretory activity of the pituitary gland. |
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The connecting stalk between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland is the? cerebral peduncle. tectum. hippocampus. infundibulum. |
infundibulum |
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ADH is secreted in response to A) overhydration B) increased volume of the body fluids C) increased osmotic pressure of the body fluids D) high blood pressure |
C) increased osmotic pressure of the body fluids Feedback: ADH causes water retention. |
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Which of the following hormones is synthesized by the hypothalamus? A) ADH B) MSH C) TSH D) ACTH E) T3 and T4 |
A) ADH |
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Growth hormone A) increases amino acid uptake in cells. B) decreases the use of fat as an energy source. C) decreases the synthesis and storage of glycogen. D) increases the use of glucose for energy. E) facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells. |
A) increases amino acid uptake in cells. |
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Which of the following hormones is secreted by the anterior pituitary? A) ADH B) TRH C) CRH D) FSH E) Oxytocin |
D) FSH |
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The embryonic origin of the posterior pituitary gland is: A. Epithelium from the oral cavity B. Nervous Tissue rom the area of the Hypothalamus C. An outpocket of the nasal cavity D. Glandular Tissue from the Cerebrum |
B. Nervous Tissue rom the area of the Hypothalamus |
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The embryonic origin of the anterior pituitary gland is: A. Epithelium from the oral cavity B. Nervous Tissue rom the area of the Hypothalamus C. An outpocket of the nasal cavity D. Glandular Tissue from the Cerebrum |
A. Epithelium from the oral cavity |
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The two functional portions of the pituitary gland are the A) infundibulum and neurohypophysis. B) pars nervosa and pars tuberalis. C) neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis. D) adenohypophysis and infundibulum. E) infundibulum and hypothalamohypophysial portal system |
C) neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis. |
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The hypothalamohypophysial portal system A) contains one capillary bed. B) carries hormones from the anterior pituitary to the body. C) carries hormones from the posterior pituitary to the body. D) carries hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. E)carries hormones from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. |
D) carries hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. |
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Releasing hormones A) travel on axons to the posterior pituitary. B) increase anterior pituitary secretion . C) cause action potentials to be generated by anterior pituitary cells. D) are produced in the pars distalis. E) decrease secretions of the anterior pituitary. |
B) increase anterior pituitary secretion . |
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Removal of the anterior pituitary would affect the functioning of the A) thyroid gland. B) pancreas isles of Langerhans in the pancreas. C) parathyroid gland. D) adrenal medulla. E) kidney. |
A) thyroid gland. |
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Arrange the following structures in correct sequence: (1) ureter (2) renal pelvis (3) calyx (4) urinary bladder (5) urethra |
3 2 1 4 5 |
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Blood vessels, nerves, and the ureter enter and leave the kidney at the A. hilum. B. renal fascia. C. renal pelvis. D. renal capsule. E. renal pyramid. |
A. hilum |
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Cortical tissue located between the pyramids is called the A. calyx tissue. B. renal papillae. C. renal columns. D. medullary rays. E. renal corpuscles. |
C. renal columns. |
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The tip of each renal pyramid is called A. a nephron. B. a renal papilla. C. a renal column. D. a medullary ray. E. the apex. |
B. a renal papilla. |
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The structural and functional units of the kidney are called A. nephrons. B. renal papillae. C. renal pyramids. D. renal columns. E. renal tubes. |
A. nephrons. |
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The juxtamedullary nephrons A. have long loops of Henle. B. are found next to the renal capsule. C. comprise 85% of all nephrons. D. have their renal corpuscles located in the medulla. E. have short loops of Henle. |
A. have long loops of Henle. |
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Loss of water through diffusion and evaporation from the skin is called __________ and is important in ____________ control. A. insensible perspiration; blood volume B. insensible perspiration; heat loss C. sensible perspiration; blood volume D. sensible perspiration; temperature |
B. insensible perspiration; heat loss |
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Renin is released by the A) lungs. B) kidney. C) spleen. D) liver. E) pancreas. |
B) kidney |
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) A) increases plasma osmolality. B) is secreted by the anterior pituitary. C) increases water reabsorption in the kidneys. D) causes the production of a large volume of urine. E) increases urine volume. |
C) increases water reabsorption in the kidneys. |
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Water moves back and forth across the plasma membrane by the process of A) osmosis. B) filtration. C) facilitated diffusion. D) active transport. E) endocytosis. |
A) osmosis. |
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The cation that plays a major role in determining the osmotic pressure of the plasma is A) sodium. B) potassium. C) chloride. D) phosphate. E) hydrogen ion. |
A) sodium. |
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The major route of excretion for sodium ions (under normal conditions) is the A) skin. B) kidney. C) GI tract. D) adrenal cortex. E) sweat. |
B) kidney. |
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Which of the following is NOT part of a nephron? A. loop of Henle B. collecting duct C. renal corpuscle D. proximal convoluted tubule E. distal convoluted tubule |
B. collecting duct |
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The predominant intracellular cation is A) potassium. B) sodium. C) calcium. D) magnesium. E) chloride. |
A) potassium. |
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The predominant extracellular cation is A) bicarbonate. B) sodium. C) chloride. D) potassium. E) hydrogen ion. |
B) sodium. |
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You've been working outside in the hot sun and are dripping wet with sweat. Your fluid intake has been minimal as you have been too busy to stop and get a drink. You would expect A) your blood osmolality to be low. B) an increase in the production of urine. C) aldosterone levels to decrease. D) ADH levels to increase. E) ADH levels to decrease. |
D) ADH levels to increase. |
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Atrial natriuretic hormone increases A) urine volume. B) ADH secretion. C) aldosterone secretion. D) the reabsorption of sodium ions. E) blood volume. |
A) urine volume. |
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Which function of the reproductive system is solely a function of the female reproductive system? A) Production of Reproductive Hormones B) Fertilization C) Production of Gametes D) Development and Nourishment of a New Indiviudal |
D) Development and Nourishment of a New Indiviudal |
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What are the female gametes? A) Oocytes B) Ovaries C) Sperm D) Uterus |
A) Oocytes |
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The location of the testes and epididymides in the scrotum A) allows more room for other organs in the abdominal cavity. B) keeps these organs close to the penis. C) provides a temperature that is suitable for normal sperm development. D) keeps them isolated from the accessory glands of the system. E) helps to protect them. |
C) provides a temperature that is suitable for normal sperm development. |
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Contraction of the cremaster and dartos muscles A) causes the epididymis to shrink. B) increases during exercise. C) pull the testes closer to the body. D) is responsible for ejaculation. E) causes the penis to become erect. |
C) pull the testes closer to the body. |
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Optimum temperature for sperm production is 3 degrees cooler than body temperature. In which of the following locations would the testes produce the most sperm? A) scrotal sac B) pelvic cavity C) abdominal cavity D) vas deferens E) inguinal canal |
A) scrotal sac |
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Sperm are produced in the A) rete testis. B) efferent ductules. C) seminiferous tubules. D) interstitial cells. E) vas deferens |
C) seminiferous tubules. |
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Which of the following hormones is produced by the testis? A) testosterone B) interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH) C) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) D) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) E) luteinizing hormone (LH) |
A) testosterone |
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Which of the following cell types is formed at the end of the first meiotic division? A) spermatid B) spermatogonia C) primary spermatocyte D) secondary spermatocyte E) spermatozoa |
D) secondary spermatocyte |
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What process converts a spermatid to a mature sperm cell? A. spermatogenesis B. cryptorchidism C. gubernaculum D. spermiogenesis |
A. spermatogenesis |
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What structure contains enzymes needed by a sperm to penetrate an oocyte? A. acrosome B. gubernaculum C. Sertoli cells D. androgen-binding protein |
A. acrosome |
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A primary spermatocyte is a diploid cell that gives rise to two secondary spermatocytes after the first meiotic division. The primary spermatocyte has A. 92 chromosomes. B. 46 chromosomes. C. 23 chromosomes. D. 13 chromosomes. E. no chromosomes. |
B. 46 chromosomes. |
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27. Arrange the following structures in the order sperm would pass through them from the seminiferous tubules to the urethra. (1) ductus deferens (vas deferens) (2) efferent ductules (3) epididymis (4) ejaculatory duct (5) rete testis |
5 2 3 1 4 |
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Circumcision is the surgical removal of the A. prepuce. B. crus penis. C. glans penis. D. corpora cavernosa. E. bulb of penis. |
A. prepuce. |
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The accessory glands located near the membranous urethra are the A. seminal vesicles. B. inguinal glands. C. bulbourethral glands. D. seminal receptacles. E. penal glands. |
C. bulbourethral glands. |
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The ovaries and uterus are held in position within the pelvis by bands of tissue called A. follicles. B. muscles. C. endometrium. D. ligaments. E. tendons. |
D. ligaments. |
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Of the two million primary oocytes in the ovaries at birth, only about _____ are ovulated. A. 40 B. 400 C. 2,000 D. 4,000 E. 400,000 |
B. 400 |
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The ovary is attached to the superior margin of the uterus by the A. mesovarium. B. broad ligament. C. ovarian ligament. D. suspensory ligament. E. round ligament. |
C. ovarian ligament. |
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The secondary oocyte completes the second meiotic division when A. the mature follicle ruptures. B. it is penetrated by a sperm cell. C. it is implanted in the uterus. D. it receives both estrogen and progesterone. E. ovulation occurs. |
B. it is penetrated by a sperm cell. |
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Fertilization occurs when the A. oocyte ruptures from the ovary. B. oocyte is implanted in the uterus. C. sperm head enters the zygote. D. nuclei of the secondary oocyte and the sperm cell unite. E. sperm enter vagina. |
D. nuclei of the secondary oocyte and the sperm cell unite. |
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"Zygote" is the term used to describe the A. Graafian oocyte. B. primary oocyte. C. secondary oocyte. D. fertilized oocyte. E. sperm just before fertilization. |
D. fertilized oocyte. |
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Follicles in the ovary that are never ovulated A. undergo atresia. B. become the corpus albicans. C. form secondary follicles. D. undergo and complete meiosis in the ovary. E. proliferate. |
A. undergo atresia. |
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Frequently during childbirth, an episiotomy is performed. In this procedure the _____ is cut. A. vagina B. perineum C. labia majora D. labia minora E. mons pubis |
B. perineum |
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Which of the following is a function of the vagina? A) oocyte production B) reception of penis during intercourse C) site of fertilization D) production of estrogen E) female hormone secretion |
B) reception of penis during intercourse |
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Trace the pathway of an egg as it passes through the uterine tube. 1. ampulla 2. ostium 3. infundibulum 4. isthmus |
2 3 1 4 |
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The layer of the uterine wall that is shed during menstruation is the |
endometrium. |
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Which of the following follicular stages is the last to appear? A) corpus albicans B) corpus luteum C) primary follicle D) mature follicle E) graafian follicle |
A) corpus albicans |
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Which of the following is produced in the ovary and then leaves the ovary? A) testosterone B) corpus luteum C) secondary oocyte D) FSH E) menstrual blood |
C) secondary oocyte |
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The release of the secondary oocyte from the ovary is called A) ovulation. B) fertilization. C) sporulation. D) implantation. E) oocyte release. |
A) ovulation. |
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Which of the following hormones would decrease if an adult male were castrated (testes removed)? A) GnRH B) FSH C) LH D) testosterone E) ADH |
D) testosterone |
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The interstitial cells or Leydig cells A) produce sperm. B) form the wall of the rete testis. C) cover the testis with a while tunic. D) secrete seminal fluid. E) secrete testosterone. |
E) secrete testosterone. |
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What is the difference between the plasma and interstitial fluids?*** |
Much higher concentration of plasma proteins in the plasma |
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34. T3 and T4 are stored in the lumen of thyroid follicles as part of the _____ molecule. A) thyrotropin B) thyroid-stimulating hormone C) thyroxine-binding protein D) thyroglobulin E) calcitonin |
D) thyroglobulin |
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Which of the following ions is necessary for thyroid hormone production? A) potassium B) calcium C) iodine D) sodium E) chlorine |
C) iodine |
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A decrease in blood volume will result in: A) Decreased blood pressure B) Increased ADH C) Decreased Blood Volume D) All of these choices will occur |
D) All of these choices will occur |
