Final Exam Abnormal Psychology

Front 1

Psychological disorder

Back 1

psychological dysfunction within an individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning and response that is not typical or culturally expected.

Front 2

Psychological dysfunction

Back 2

The breakdown of cognitive, emotional and behavioral functioning.

Front 3

Prevalence and Incidence

Back 3

How common is it, how often it occurs

Front 4

Course

Back 4

What will happen, what will you expect over the course of the illness

Front 5

Prognosis

Back 5

long term effects, what do you think the outcome of the disorder will be

Front 6

Etiology

Back 6

What's the cause, where does it come from?

Front 7

Serotonin (what disorder is associated and will occur with lack of S?)

Back 7

System regulates our behavior, moods, and thought process. Belived to influence the way that we process information as well as morderate or inhibit our behavior. Lack of S leads to depression.

Front 8

Dopamine (what disorder can occur when not enough D?)

Back 8

generalized function is to activate other neurotransmitters and to aid in exploratory and pleasure-seeking behavior - balances serotonin. Not enough Parkinson's or schizophrenia.

Front 9

Norepinephrine

Back 9

When levels are off unable to control central and peripheral nervous system. Have overactive response - panic attack.

Front 10

GABA

Back 10

Job is to regulate the transmission of info and action potentials.

Front 11

Frontal lobe

Back 11

Executive functioning, emotion regulation. Disorders: ADHD, schizophrenia, bipolar.

Front 12

Parietal lobe

Back 12

sensation, movement

Front 13

Occipital lobe

Back 13

Processing visual information

Front 14

temporal lobe

Back 14

limbic system (including hippocampus). Disorders: Dementia, impulse control.

Front 15

Diathesis Stress model

Back 15

Nature vs. Nuture - how much will it take to tip your boat?

Front 16

What is the most important idea of ethics?

Back 16

"Do no harm"

Front 17

What are the 5 general principles of ethics?

Back 17

Benefice and nonmaleficence, Integrity, Justics, Respect for rights and dignitity, and fridelity and responsiblitity.

Front 18

What disorder uses Exposure therapy?

Back 18

OCD story

Front 19

Systematic Desensitization

Back 19

Phobia's - example: spider

Front 20

Aversion therapy

Back 20

paraphilia

Front 21

What is on axis 3?

Back 21

General medical condition

Front 22

What is on axis 4?

Back 22

psychosocial and environmental problems

Front 23

Mood disorders are characterized by what?

Back 23

Extreme deviations in mood

Front 24

Major Depressive Disorder criteria is?

Back 24

One or more Major depressive episodes, not caused by other disorder (ex. substance abuse), never had a manic episode.

Front 25

Dysthymic Disorder Criteria is..

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Persistently depressed for atleast two years, low self esteem- low energy- poor appetite - insomnia, never been without symptoms A & B for more than 2 weeks.

Front 26

Double depression symptoms are...

Back 26

Sever mood disorder typified by major depressive episodes, background of dysthymic disorder. Some individuals may experience delusions or hallucinations.

Front 27

SAD

Back 27

Seasonal affective disorder - light exposure therapy used to treat.

Front 28

Pathological or impacted grief reaction

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Loss of loved one, extreme reaction that persists for more than 2 months.

Front 29

Cyclothymic Disorder

Back 29

Chronic (lasts 2 years atleast) characterized by alternating mood elevation and depression levels that are not as severe as manic or major depressive episodes.

Front 30

Medications for Mood disorders are:

Back 30

SSRI's, Tricyclic antidepressants, MAO inhibitors

Front 31

Side effects of SSRI's

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weight gain, sex problems, and can be hard to get off of.

Front 32

Side effects of Tricyclic antidepressants

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wight gain, EXTREME dry mouth, drowsiness

Front 33

Side effects of MAO inhibitors

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Possible dealth if interaction with tyramine - leads to hypertensive episode and possible death

Front 34

Suicide statistics

Back 34

6x more likely to commit if parent has done it, 80% of people that commit suicide have a psychological disorder.

Front 35

Bipolar II is characterized by...

Back 35

Alternation of major depressive episode and hypomanic epsidoes. Onset 19-22 Chronic.

Front 36

Bipolar I is characterized by...

Back 36

Alternation of major depressive epsidoes with full manic episodes. Onset 15-19 Chronic.

Front 37

Medications for Bipolar are:

Back 37

Lithium (effective in preventing and treating manic), Valproate (mood stabilizer). Problem: like manic feeling so don't take drugs. Should have medication and therapy: CBT, Skill building, family building.

Front 38

Specific phobia

Back 38

Unreasonable fear of specific object or situation that interferes with daily life.

Front 39

Social phobia

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Social Anxiety disorder, fear of being around others.

Front 40

Panic disorder

Back 40

With Agoraphobia: fear of having a panic attack in a public setting, avoiding situations that might bring on panic attack.
W/O Agor - panic attacks without development of agoraphobia.

Front 41

Treatment for Panic disorders:

Back 41

SSRI's, bensodiazapines, CBT, cognitive restructuring, behavioral restructuring.

Front 42

Generalized Anxiety Disorders

Back 42

Anxiety disorder characterized by intense, uncontrollable, unfocus, chronic, and continuous worry that is distressing and unproductive, accompanied by physical symptoms of tenseness, irritability and restlessness.

Front 43

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Back 43

anxiety disorder involving unwanted, persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses, as well as repetitive actions intended to suppress them. Obessions - thoughts that increase anxiety, compulsions - thoughts that decrease anxiety. Treatment - SSRI's, "reality testing".

Front 44

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Back 44

Enduring, distressing emotional disorder that follows exposure to severe helplessness- or fear inducing threat. The victim re-experiences the trauma, avoids stimuli association with it, and develops a numbing and responsiveness and an increased vigilance and arousal. Treatment, medication not effective, group therapy is effective, social support, exposure therapy.

Front 45

What happens when you are dependent on alcohol and you go cold turkey?

Back 45

Delirium Tremens - body shakes, short circuts

Front 46

What drug is given to counter act the withdrawal symptoms of some drugs?

Back 46

Methadone

Front 47

Anorexia Nervosa

Back 47

Most fatal eating disorder. Intense fear of being obese, fat, restriction of calories, refusal to maintain body weight, distroted self-image.

Front 48

Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa

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Amenorrhea, lanugos, dry ski, brittle nails and hair, intolerance to cold temperatures.

Front 49

Treatment Anorexia Nervosa

Back 49

Tricycles, SSRI's - Not very effective alone, CBT, and residental treatment.

Front 50

Bulimia

Back 50

Eating tooo much and then purging have to have binging purging cycle twice a week for atleast two months.

Front 51

Symptoms of Bulimia

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Using diet pills, diuretics, going to the bathroom right after they eat, exercising too much

Front 52

What is the danger of bulimia?

Back 52

Electrolyte count goes off - potassium level is off, dehydration, heart basically stops, fatal hard to revive, can't tell by looking.

Front 53

Binge Eating disorder

Back 53

Not real disorder in DSM, most common eating disorder. Treatment - CBT, interpersonal therapy, Family therapy

Front 54

Obesity

Back 54

May not be related to BED, BMI greater than 30, perception of Laziness.

Front 55

Dr.Kay with Bipolar I

Back 55

Had Bipolar I disorder, struggled with decision to take lithium, had major manic epsidoes spent tons of money, attempted suicide on lithium, during manic excessively bubbly, during depression she would be extremely sad and empty.

Front 56

Ed with OCD

Back 56

Took hours to move from bed to door, did something wrong need to count in even multiples up to 16, 384, finally overcame some of his OCD.

Front 57

Nic and Meth

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Becomes baby on meth doesn't want to do anything, can't over the disorder because his mind is depleted a dopamine, takes 2 years to get nerve endings back if you stay off meth, he doesn't

Front 58

Marya and Anorexia and Bulimia

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Took her 2 to 3 hours to eat a small yogurt, extreme major purging and binging, only ate 300 calories at day and only weighted 50 pounds at one point.

Front 59

Mental Retardation

Back 59

Significantly beliew average in intellectual and adaptive functioning.

Front 60

What chromosome problem is associated with Down's Syndrome?

Back 60

Extra 21st chromosome

Front 61

What chromosome problem is associated with Prader Willi Syndrome?

Back 61

15th chromosome.

Front 62

What are learning disorders?

Back 62

Reading, Math, or written performance signfican't below standard expected due to person's age, IQ and education.

Front 63

Treatment for learning disorders?

Back 63

Systematic Intervention - Consistency

Front 64

What is Autism Disorder?

Back 64

Pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impairment in social interactions and communication and restricted patterns of behavior, interest and activity.

Front 65

What is ADHD?

Back 65

Developmental disorder featuring maladaptive levels of, inattention, excessive activity and impulsiveness.

Front 66

Schizophrenia

Back 66

Psychotic disorder that may involve characteristic distrubances in thinking, perception, speech, emotions and behavior.

Front 67

Categories of Schizophrenia

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Paranoid, Disorganized, catatonic, residual and undifferentiated.

Front 68

What are postive symptoms?

Back 68

Delusions and hallucinations.

Front 69

What are some language symptoms?

Back 69

Clang associations (words that rhyme), word salad (put random words together in a sentence), neologisms (making up words), disorganized speech

Front 70

Types of delusions?

Back 70

Grandeur, persecution, control, reference, Somatic, Capgras syndrom, cotard's syndrome.

Front 71

What are negative symptoms?

Back 71

Avolition (lack of interest in every day activities), Alogia (absense of speech), Ahedionia (lack of pleasure in activities), flat affect (lack of expression), disorganized speech (jump from topic to topic), Inappropriate affect (laugh when someone dies)