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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The coldest air mass
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Artic (A)
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What type of air mass brings cold and dry air to an area?
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cP
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What type of air mass consists of humid and warm air?
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mT
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Which type of air mass brings us cold weather from Canada & Alaska?
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cP
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Maritime tropical (mT) air masses bring North Carolina warm air and precipitation. What body of water does this come from?
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Gulf of Mexico
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What are typical weather patterns over a long period of time for any given area called?
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climate
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Fronts are narrow region separating two air masses of different densities.
The density differences are caused by difference in temperature, humidity,and ___________. |
pressure
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What type of instrument is used to measure wind speed?
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barometer
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What type of instrument is used to measure air pressure?
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ceilometer
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What type of instrument is used to measure how high the clouds are?
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barometer
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A balloon that is sent up on the atmosphere to record data is called a _______.
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radiosonde
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What type of instrument is used to measure air temperature?
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therometer
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What type of instrument is used to measure humidity?
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hygrometer
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What type of clouds may stay in a specific area for a couple of days?
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stratus
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This category tornado and higher has the power to destroy forests and farmland:
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F3
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What is the type of cloud called that tornados form from?
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nimbus
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Wind-chill factor makes the air feel _______ than what it really is.
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colder
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Why might the price of carrots increase during a major drought?
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not as many carrots being produced
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Thunderstorms are usually brought to an area by __________ clouds.
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nimbus
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The tornado that ripped through Alabama earlier in the year had wind speeds of 175 mph. What rating tornado was it?
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F3
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hurricane is the most powerful type of what?
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tropical cyclone
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This is the warmest climate zone on Earth, and the one that receives the most precipitation.
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tropical
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Which climate zone covers 30% of all land on Earth?
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dry
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What type of air mass usually dominates dry climate regions?
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cT
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What three criteria does the Koppen Classification System use to categorize climate zones?
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vegetation, temperature, and precipitation
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Why do polar climate zones receive little precipitation because cold air contains less ________ than warm air.
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moisture
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How long during the year do the North and South Poles experience complete darkness or complete sunlight?
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6 months
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During an El Nino, what happens to the water in the Pacific Ocean?
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gets warmer
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What are the reasons why we had such a warm winter?
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global warming and El Nino.
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What determines how long seasons last?
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Earth's tilt
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The time in-between ice ages are called _________ periods.
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interglacier
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What is often left behind after ice ages end?
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lakes
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How often do scientists believe ice ages occur?
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every 100,000 years
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What gas acts like a blanket, preventing heat from escaping the atmosphere during the greenhouse effect?
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CO2
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Global warming is likely to increase the spread of _____.
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deserts
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Which of the following is not a fossil fuel? (coal, oil, natural gas, or lumber)
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lumber
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CFC’s destroy what barrier that protects the Earth?
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ozone layer
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Global warming can cause the world’s ocean levels to _____.
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rise
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Scientists look at what evidence to determine the geologic time scale?
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fossils
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The process responsible for forming altered hard part fossils is called what?
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permineralization
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What two types of fossils contain no bone or shell material?
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casts and molds
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In an original preservation fossil, no ______________ has taken place.
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decomposition
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This type of time frame in measured in tens of millions of years.
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epoch
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Eras are defined as the differences in life forms found in ____________.
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rocks
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This theory states that the processes occurring today have been occurring ever since Earth was created.
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uniformitarianism
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In cross-cutting relationships, rock cutting through another body of rock must be ___________ than the rock being cut through.
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younger
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Unconformity is caused by what two processes?
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erosion and weathering
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Paleozoic is a Greek word meaning what?
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old life
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What percentage of all life forms that ever existed on Earth are now extinct?
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90%
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Original preservation fossils usually occur when there is a lack of ____________ in the decomposition process
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oxygen
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What type of fossils are used to correlate rock layers over large areas?
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index
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permineralization, what are the pore spaces of rocks filled with?
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minerals
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What type of rock do molds usually form in?
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sedimentary
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Evidence or remains of once living plants or animals are called ____________.
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fossils
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In altered hard part fossils, the _____________ has been completely removed or decayed.
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organic material
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How long ago do many scientists theorize Earth was formed?
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4.6 billion years ago
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___________states that the oldest rocks layers are at the bottom, and each consecutive layer going up is younger.
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superposition
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____________ is a gap in the rock record caused by erosion or weathering.
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unconformity
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Mountain building, erosion, and sea floor spreading are all examples of ________________.
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unconformity
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Uniformitarianism states that all processes on Earth have continuously been occurring, and only rate, intensity, and _______ has changed.
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scale
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The record of the Earth’s history is called the ______________.
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geologic time scale
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A Russian space explorer is called what?
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cosmonaut
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What is the oldest part of the moon?
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highlands
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What device is used to magnify objects far away?
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telescope
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Partial blockage of the sun is called what?
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partial eclipse
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What are long trails of ejecta on the moon called?
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rays
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What is the material blasted away when a crater hits called?
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ejecta
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What is the beginning stage of the moon cycle?
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new moon
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What is an object that orbits a planet called?
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natural satellite
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What is the valley-like part of the moon located within the maria?
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rilles
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The moon lacks a (an) _____________, which allows morecraters to actually strike the surface.
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atmosphere
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This type of telescope uses mirrors.
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reflecting
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The side of the moon we always see is __________ than the other.
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heavier
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This type of telescope uses lenses.
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refracting
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What is the average number of days it takes the moon to complete
its cycle? |
24 hours
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The Earth’s atmosphere is full of water vapor, dust, and
___________, which can cause telescope sight to be blurry. |
pollution
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What is it called when the moon passes in front of the sun and casts a
shadow on the Earth? |
eclipse
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What is the station just outside of the atmosphere where many countries
perform space experiments? |
International Space Station (ISS)
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An American space explorer is called what?
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astronaut
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This type of scientific study is often performed on the ISS.
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microgravity
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