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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Histoplasmosis
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-Primary Pathogen: Infect by Inhalation of Spores
-Histoplasma capsulata -found in many parts of the world -dimorphic fungus -mold grows in soil (bird and bat feces) and inhaled spores convert to yeast in host -primarily infect lungs (resembles TB) |
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Blastomycosis
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-Primary Pathogen: Infect by Inhalation of Spores
-Blastomyces dermatitidis -Southeastern US -fungus grows in soil, rotting wood, bird droppings (spores inhaled) -localized disseminated infection -symptoms resemble TB |
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Coccidiomycosis
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-Primary Pathogen: Infect by Inhalation of Spores
-Coccidiodies immitis "Valley Fever" -Western and Southwestern US -usually self-limited upper respiratory tract disease (inhalation of spores) -form spherules and endospores in host -can be fatal |
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Paracoccidiomycosis
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-Primary Pathogen: Infect by Inhalation of Spores
-Paracoccidioides brasiliensis -South America -fungus grows in soil -infects oral mucous membranes -can be lethal |
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Aspergillosis
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-Opportunistic Fungi
-Aspergillus fumigatus -found everywhere (decaying vegetation) -causes a number of diseases in the previously healthy and the immunosuppressed |
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Cryptococcosis
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-Cryptococcus neoformans
-yeast with thick carbohydrate capsule -occurs widely in nature (pigeon feces) -infection form inhaled fungal particles -immunosuppressed |
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Candidiasis
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-yeast: normal flora
-healthy: oral and vaginal thrush -immunocompromised: infections of GI, urinary tract, or blood; or life-threatening systemic infections |
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Pneumocystis
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-Pneumocystis carinii
-intracellular parasite -in wild and domestic animals -causes pneumonia in immunosuppressed -cause of death in AIDS patients |
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Griseofulvin
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-drug for treatment
-interferes with cell division |
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Azoles
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-drug for treatment
-stops cell membrane synthesis |
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Amphotericin
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-drug for treatment
-deals with cell membrane permeability |
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5-fluorocytosine
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-drug for treatment
-interferes with nucleic acid synthesis |
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Yeast
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-unicellular
-facultative anaerobe -reproduce by budding (pseudophypae: incomplete budding) -usually by contact) |
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Mold
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-multicellular
-aerobic -branching hyphae -vegetative mycelium (for nutrition) -reproductive mycelium (form spores) -inhalation or spores or inoculation |