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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which structures are identified and preserved in thyroid surgery?
a. hyoid bone b. parathyroid glands c. thyroglossal ducts d. thymus glands |
b. parathyroid glands
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Which of the following is NOT a primary purpose of general surgery?
a. provide general preoperative treatment to surgical patients b. provide a comprehensive foundation of core surgical skills from which surgical specialties branch c. provide surgical expertise in areas not encompassed by specialized treatment d. provide patient with a choice in primary care to restore that patient's health |
d. provide patient with a choice in primary care to restore that patient's health
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Severe complications such as __________ can result if all parathyroid glands are removed.
a. jaundice b. extreme weight loss c. metabolic imbalance d. tetany |
d. tetany
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Thyroid and parathyroid glands produce hormones that affect all of the following EXCEPT:
a. growth b. metabolism c. immune system d. weight |
c. immune system
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Which is the most common treatment for a tumor in breast between 2 and 5 cm in diameter and no distant metastasis?
a. segmental mastectomy b. total mastectomy c. modified mastectomy d. radical mastectomy |
b. total mastectomy
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What condition will occur if there is a physiologic calcium imbalance?
a. hyperparathyroidism b. hypercalcemia c. septicemia d. tetany |
d. tetany
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The parathyroid glands regulate:
a. blood calcium concentration b. blood potassium concentration c. blood sodium concentration d. blood iodine concentration |
a. blood calcium concentration
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When a surgeon removes the entire thyroid lobe to treat toxic diffuse goiter, what is this procedure called?
a. total thyroidectomy b. thyroglossal duct cystectomy c. subtotal thyroidectomy d. thyroid lobectomy |
d. thyroid lobectomy
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The parathyroid glands are located ______ to the thyroid gland.
a. anterior b. inferior c. posterior d. superior |
c. posterior
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Wound dressings for thyroid and parathyroid surgery vary. All of the following are possible methods of dressing the wound EXCEPT:
a. Use a thyroid collar dressing, securing it with adhesive strips b. Leave it without a dressing so that it can be closely observed c. Insert a drain, then use cottonoids and a 4x4, secured by an ACE bandage d. Use a Queen Anne's collar, crossing the free ends of the strips over the dressing in a "X" and securing it over the chest |
c. Insert a drain, then use cottonoids and a 4x4, secured by an ACE bandage
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A metabolic imbalance resulting from a hyperactive thyroid is known as _______.
a. an enlarged goiter b. tetany c. cretinism d. Grave's Disease |
d. Grave's Disease
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Select the most accurate statement that describes a parathyroidectomy.
a. This procedure prevents infections by removing all cyst and duct portions and part of the hyoid bone. b. Up to five-sixths of a thyroid is removed. c. One or more parathyroid glands are removed to treat malignancy. d. Parathyroid glands are removed and a portion of a gland is retained in the event autotransplantation is necessary. |
c. One or more parathyroid glands are removed to treat malignancy.
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Which of the following is NOT a technique for handling cancerous breast tissue?
a. Treat each breast tumor as an individual specimen. b. Use minimal and gentle handling of involved area to avoid dislodging tumor cells. c. Some surgeons prefer instruments to be discarded after use if they come in contact with tumor cells. d. Use formalin on specimens sent for estrogen binding studies. |
d. Use formalin on specimens sent for estrogen binding studies.
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Place the patient in ______ position with neck hyperextended for thyroid or parathyroid surgeries.
a. supine b. Trendelenburg c. modified dorsal recumbent d. reverse trendelenburg |
c. modified dorsal recumbent
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There are ____ parathyroid glands/
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6 |
c. 4
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A metabolic imbalance resulting in lethargy and weight gain from a hypoactive thyroid is known as ____.
a. enlarged goiter b. tetany c. cretinism d. Grave's Disease |
c. cretinism
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The longest section of the digestive tract is/are the ______.
a. intestines b. esophagus c. stomach d. anorectal area |
a. intestines
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Which section of the colon passes across the upper abdomen, below the liver and the stomach and above the small intestine, to the spleen in the upper left abdomen?
a. ascending b. descending c. transverse d. sigmoid |
c. transverse
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Which procedure requires the preparation of a skin graft setup?
a. extended radical mastectomy b. modified radical mastectomy c. adenomammectomy d. lumpectomy |
a. extended radical mastectomy
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If the patient has a positive breast biopsy and the surgeon proceeds to do a radical mastectomy, which of the following is true?
a. The same drapes and instruments mat be used. b. The patient is re-prepped and new drapes and instruments are used. c. The drapes may remain, but new instruments are used. d. The drapes are replaced, but the same instruments may be used. |
b. The patient is re-prepped and new drapes and instruments are used.
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The types of breast incisions include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. supra-areolar b. intra-areolar c. inframammary d. radial |
b. intra-areolar
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Until proven otherwise, all breast masses are considered _______.
a. benign b. malignant c. infectious d. diagnostic |
b. malignant
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The bilateral organs lying in the superficial fascia of the pectoral area are called ________.
a. scalene nodes b. mammary glands c. lactation glands d. none of the above |
b. mammary glands
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There are 12 to 20 lobes contained in the tissues of each breast, with each lobe subdivided into _____ that contain the secreting cells and alveoli, drained by a single __.
a. grape-like clusters, tuboalveolar duct b. grape-like clusters, lactiferous duct c. lobules, lactiferous duct d. lobes, tuboalveolar duct |
c. lobules, lactiferous duct
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The axillary area contains an average of ______.
a. 12 to 20 sweat glands b. 4 lymph nodes c. 2 areolar ducts d. 53 lymph nodes |
d. 53 lymph nodes
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Abnormal enlargement of the male breast is termed _________.
a. subcutaneous adenoma b. gynecomastia c. hypoplasia d. cystic mastitis |
b. gynecomastia
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The major difference between a radical mastectomy and a modified radical mastectomy is the ___________ may also be removed during a radical mastectomy.
a. pectoral muscles b. axillary lymph nodes c. fat and fascia d. A and C |
a. pectoral muscles
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Which is the pear shaped sac that stores the bile that assists in the digestive breakdown of foods?
a. gallbladder b. liver c. stomach d. pancreas |
a. gallbladder
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Which breast biopsy procedure uses a Silverman to extract cells from the lump?
a. needle biopsy b. incisional biopsy c. excisional biopsy d. incision and drainage |
a. needle biopsy
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The removal of the distal portion of the stomach with establishment of anastomosis between the stomach and jejunum is more commonly known as a __________.
a. total gastrectomy b. Bilroth I c. Bilroth II d. Roux-en-Y |
c. Bilroth II
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Which of the following is NOT a primary purpose for hernia surgery?
a. repair congenital defect b. repair aquired defect c. reinforce supporting structures d. remove affected structures |
d. remove affected structures
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Liver tissue is extremely _______, so ___________ substances are often used during surgery.
a. friable, hemostatic b. fragile, atraumatic c. friable, saline d. tough, softening |
a. friable, hemostatic
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The principle hazard encountered intraoperatively during a spleenectomy is:
a. spillage of splenic material b. hemorrhage c. rupture of the common duct d. hyperextension |
b. hemorrhage
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Hemangioma refers to _______.
a. obstruction of the common bile duct b. presence in or blockage of the bladder by crystallized stones c. red blood cell deficiency d. mass of blood vessels in a benign tumor |
d. mass of blood vessels in a benign tumor
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Which organ varies in size and its vascular tissue supports the immune system and monitors and stores blood cells?
a. pancreas b. spleen c. liver d. gallbladder |
b. spleen
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The ______ is composed of exocrine and endocrine glandular tissue that secretes digestive enzymes.
a. stomach b. liver c. pancreas d. gallbladder |
c. pancreas
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Which is the largest organ in the body?
a. stomach b. liver c. spleen d.heart |
b. liver
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This procedure is used to create an opening in the gallbladder for draining and removal of stones is ________.
a. cholecystectomy b. cholecystotomy c. gastroenterostomy d. choledochostomy |
b. cholecystotomy
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A splenectomy is preformed for all of the following EXCEPT_______.
a. tumors b. ruptures c. hypersplenism d. trisegmentectomy |
d. trisegmentectomy
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A right hemicolectomy involves the removal of the ____.
a. mesocolon b. sigmoid colon c. ascending colon d. descending colon |
c. ascending colon
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Surgery preformed for lower sigmoid or rectal malignancies is a/an ____________.
a. Wertheim's procedure b. abdominal resection c. pelvic exenteration d. Whipple procedure |
b. abdominal resection
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Common herniation locations include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. pelvic b. hiatal c. epigastric d. umbilical |
a. pelvic
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When is a bowel technique necessary?
a. when a case is considered septic b. when the patient has not had a bowel prep c. when the patient has perforated postoperatively d. when the intestinal tract is entered during a surgical procedure |
d. when the intestinal tract is entered during a surgical procedure
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Resection means _____.
a. significant excision of an organ or structure b. total excision of a structure c. removal of a diseased organ d. none of the above |
a. significant excision of an organ or structure
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Partial or complete removal of the colon is ________.
a. hemicolectomy b. ileostomy c. small intestine resection d. colectomy |
d. colectomy
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The severe restriction of the bowel that eventually necroses is ____.
a. ulceration b. strangulation c. colitis d. volvulus |
b. strangulation
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A small or outward growth projecting into the intestinal tract is a ________.
a. mole b. diverticula c. polyp d. mucous node |
c. polyp
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The following are examples of intestinal pathology EXCEPT:
a. diverticulous b. volvulus c. obstructions d. neoplasm |
d. neoplasm
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An appendectomy is performed via a(n) _________.
a. endoscope b. McBurney incision c. proctoscope d. Kocher subcostal incision |
b. McBurney incision
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Forceps used during gastrointestinal surgery include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. forceps, rectal b. forceps, hemorrhoid grasping c. forceps, intestinal d. forceps, tissue |
a. forceps, rectal
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A(n) _______ is a surgically created opening from some portion of the colon to the exterior through the abdominal wall.
a. ileostomy b. colostomy c. jejunostomy d. stoma |
b. colostomy
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The removal of a cyst filled with pus, hair, or tissue debris from the sacrococcygeal area is called a ___.
a. anal fistulectomy b. pilonidal cystectomy c. rectal cystectomy d. fissurectomy |
b. pilonidal cystectomy
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A scan utilizing nuclear imaging to view parts of the biliary system is called a _________.
a. hepatic intraductal assay b.choledochoscopy c. cholangiogram d. cholecystectomy |
a. hepatic intraductal assay
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ESWL is used to ___________.
a. excise a portion of an organ or structure b. shatter gallbladder stones c. create an opening in the gallbladder for drainage d. x-ray gallstones |
b. shatter gallbladder stones
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Which diagnostic procedure assists in distinguishing between cystic and solid tumor lesions?
a. xeroradiography b. thermography c. ultrasonography d. videofluoroscopy |
c. ultrasonography
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Which primary part of the anatomy is responsible for mixing and partially digesting materials?
a. esophagus b. small intestine c. colon d. stomach |
d. stomach
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The primary function of the ______ is to reabsorb water and electrolytes.
a. small intestine b. stomach c. large intestine d. esophagus |
c. large intestine
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Instruments used on the ends of the gastrointestinal tract when an anastomosis will be performed are _________.
a. always non-crushing b. sometimes non-crushing c. always non-crushing d. never non-crushing |
c. always non-crushing
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When the surgeon enters the gastrointestinal tract, the S.T. should always ______.
a. duck to keep from getting contents on face b. have suction ready for immediate use c. give the surgeon counted 4x4's d. none of the above |
b. have suction ready for immediate use
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Meckel's diverticulum is found in the __________.
a. esophagus b. ascending colon c. cecum d. ileum |
d. ileum
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When a segment of intestine is removed, the segment must first be mobilized by separating it from the mesentery. Essential instruments for this mobilization include:
a. Penrose drain, Oschner, Mayo scissors, Allis b. Mayo scissors, mosquitoes, suture ligature c. Metzenbaum scissors, Best clamps, suture ligature d. Metzenbaum scissors, Kelly clamps, suture ties |
d. Metzenbaum scissors, Kelly clamps, suture ties
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This procedure requires the removal of this organ attached to the distal ileum, establishing bowel continuity.
a. appendectomy b. colectomy c. colostomy d. Meckel's diverticulectomy |
d. Meckel's diverticulectomy
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When doing a skin prep on a patient with a stoma, the stoma is __.
a. given no special attention b. done last or separately c. done first because it is open d. avoided since it is contaminated |
b. done last or separately
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Supporting tissue layers for the stomach include _________.
a. serosa, mucosa, musculature b. mucosa, submucosa, ensentrensic muscle, adventitia c. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa d. mucosa, submucosa, musculature |
c. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
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Special bowel technique is required in all of the following EXCEPT:
a. cholecystectomy b. low anterior colon resection c. appendectomy d. excision of Meckel's diverticulum |
a. cholecystectomy
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Externalization through the abdominal wall of the proximal end of the transected ileum; performed in conjunction with a total colectomy
a. colostomy b. cecostomy c. ileostomy d. jejunostomy |
c. ileostomy
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Surgical technique used routinely in gastrointestinal surgeries involving the surgical union of two hollow structures is known as _______.
a. adhesion b. anastomosis c. atresia d. dysphasia |
b. anastomosis
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The imperforation or closure of a normal tubular opening of the body is known as _______.
a. anastomosis b. adhesion c. dysphasia d. atresia |
d. atresia
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Small blind pouches that form in the lining and wall of a canal or organ, especially the colon, are called ________.
a. sphincter b. polyp c. diverticula d. fistula |
c. diverticula
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An ileostomy is the ________.
a. removal of the ileum b. segmentation of the ileum c. looping of the ileum d. formation of a permanent or temporary opening into the ileum |
d. formation of a permanent or temporary opening into the ileum
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The invagination of proximal intestine into the lumen of distal intestine is called ________.
a. volvulus b. intussusception c. pyloric stenosis d. ileal atresia |
b. intussusception
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The surgical procedure commonly preformed in conjunction with a total colectomy is a(n) _____.
a. colostomy b. cecostomy c. ileostomy d. jejunostomy |
c. ileostomy
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Which type of hernia occurs in the Hesselbach's triangle?
a. direct b. femoral c. indirect d. hiatal |
a. direct
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Which is NOT a transverse incision?
a. esophageal b. McBurney's c. pfannenstial d. midabdominal |
b. McBurney's
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The ___ incision is an alternative to the midline incision, but less likely to ______.
a. median, incur postoperative hernias b. thoracoabdominal, be used to access hiatal hernias c. paramedian, herniate d. transthoracic, follow the symphasis pubis |
c. paramedian, herniate
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Which of the following midline incisions is used for subumbilical access?
a. upper b. lower c. full d. none of the above |
b. lower
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The _____ incision is used to expose pilonidal cysts.
a. Kocher's b. anorectal c. pfannenstiel's d. rectal |
d. rectal
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This curved, transverse incision follows the symphysis pubis and is used to access the pelvis.
a. pfannenstiel's b. Kocher's c. McBurney's d. hockey stick |
a. pfannenstiel's
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Which herniorrhaphy procedure uses tightly wound mesh that is pushed through the internal ring of the body, then expanded in the fascia to prevent reoccurance?
a. tensioned repair b. mesh plug technique c. plug and patch d. umbrella plug |
d. umbrella plug
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An ________ hernia occurs in the middle of the abdomen between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus.
a. epigastric b. incisional c. inguinal d. umbilical |
a. epigastric
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A _________ hernia is one in which the sac contents become ishemic and will eventually necrose.
a. reducible b. sliding c. spigelian d. strangulated |
d. strangulated
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The term that describes the protrusion of tissue or structure through a defect in the supporting structures that normally contain it is ______.
a. bowel obstruction b. herniation c. hydrocele d. rectocele |
b. herniation
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With the ________ hernia, a portion of the stomach protrudes through the opening for the esophagus into the diaphragm.
a. femoral b. hiatal c. inguinal d. ventral |
b. hiatal
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Which type of a hernia is the result of a congenital weakness in the internal ring and is most common in men?
a. direct b. indirect c. epigastric d. umbilical |
b. indirect
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With this congenital condition, intra-abdominal contents are pushed out through the abdominal wall around the umbilicus.
a. omphalocele b. dysphasia c. umbilical atresia d. Grave's Disease |
a. omphalocele
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The _____ drain is used to retract spermatic cord structures in a male inguinal herniorrhaphy.
a. Foley b. Jackson-Pratt c. Penrose d. umbilical |
c. Penrose
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This hernia is often aggravated by obesity or excessive coughing and can be either sliding or paraesophageal.
a. direct b. incisional c. indirect d. femoral |
b. incisional
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The _______ hernia is more prevalent in women than in men.
a. direct b. incisional c. indirect d. femoral a. |
d. femoral
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Surgeons generally wait until infants with umbilical hernias reach age _____.
a. 3 b. 2 c. 1 d. 6 months |
b. 2
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Which hernia protrudes into the inguinal canal but not into the spermatic cord and rarely into the scrotum?
a. direct b. incisional c. indirect d. femoral |
a. direct
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Which of the following is NOT a type of drain?
a. Penrose b. urinary catheter c. chest d. culture |
d. culture
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Which instruments is NOT a biliary specialty instrument?
a. forceps, Allis b. dilator, Bakes c. scoop, cystic duct, Mayo d. trocar, Ochsner |
a. forceps, Allis
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A rectal speculum may be used for which general type of surgery?
a. thyroid b. gastrointestinal c. biliary d. hernia |
b. gastrointestinal
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A _______ biopsy involves the injection of radioisotope into the breast mass, spreading to breast lymph nodes prior to surgery.
a. excisional b. incisional c. fine needle aspiration d. sentinal node |
d. sentinal node
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Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
a. One of the most common surgeries in the U.S. is for abdominal hernias. b. Hernias occur 25 times more frequently amoung men than women. c. Hernias self-heal over time. d. Hernias often occur with a weakness in the tissue. |
c. Hernias self-heal over time.
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